Optimizing parent-infant sleep from birth to 6 months: a new paradigm
Abstract
Currently, the dominant paradigm for infant sleep from birth to 6 months is behavioral sleep interventions that aim to entrain the infant's biological patterns of sleep using techniques such as delayed response to cues, feed-play-sleep routines, sleep algorithms, and education of parents about "tired cues" and "overstimulation." A recent systematic literature review has identified that while behavioral sleep interventions may modestly increase the length of time an infant sleeps at night without signaling, they are not associated with improved infant or maternal outcomes and may have unintended negative consequences (Douglas & Hill, 2013). This article reviews the empirical literature on behavioral infant sleep interventions, sleep regulation, and sleep disturbance. Based on the available scientific literature, a new paradigm for infant sleep intervention, from birth to 6 months of age, is proposed. This new approach, the Possums Sleep Intervention, integrates interdisciplinary knowledge from developmental psychology, medical science, lactation science, evolutionary science, and neuroscience with third-wave contextual behaviorism, acceptance and commitment therapy, to create a unique, new intervention that supports parental flexibility, cued care, and the establishment of healthy biopsychosocial rhythms.
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Dr Koa Whittingham manualised the Possums Sleep Program and integrated it with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in 2014.
“Dr Koa Whittingham manualised the program and integrated it with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in 2014 [31,32].”
From Development and evaluation of ‘Sleep, Baby & You’—An approach to supporting parental well-being and responsive infant caregiving (2020) · cites this paper as [31]
The theoretical basis for the PSP is based on an evolutionary understanding of infant needs, integrating interdisciplinary sleep science and contextual behavioural science.
“Whittingham & Douglas [31] published the theoretical frame for a paradigm shift in parent-baby sleep management, based on an evolutionary understanding of infant needs, and integrating interdisciplinary sleep science and contextual behavioural science (a ‘third wave’ behaviourism].”
From Development and evaluation of ‘Sleep, Baby & You’—An approach to supporting parental well-being and responsive infant caregiving (2020) · cites this paper as [31]
Behavioural interventions increase risks of premature breastfeeding cessation, sudden infant death, increased infant crying, and decoupling of mother-infant physiological synchrony.
“and increase risks of premature breastfeeding cessation, sudden infant death, increased infant crying, and decoupling of mother-infant physiological synchrony [31–33,43].”
From Development and evaluation of ‘Sleep, Baby & You’—An approach to supporting parental well-being and responsive infant caregiving (2020) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Whittingham, K., & Douglas, P.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Whittingham, Koa
- Venue
- Infant Mental Health Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-07-28
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 614-623
- ISSN
- 0163-9641 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0355
- OpenAlex
- W1927718101
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Infant Mental Health Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Infant Health and Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- infant sleep, behavioral sleep interventions, sleep regulation, sleep disorders, acceptance and commitment therapy, overstimulation, maternal outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Behavior Therapy, Breast Feeding, Child Development, Cognition, Cues, Humans, Infant, Infant Care, Infant, Newborn, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Infant Behavior
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