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Cited by 144Sports injuries and preventionMartial Arts: Techniques, Psychology, and EducationInjury Epidemiology and Prevention

Injury and injury rates in Muay Thai kick boxing

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Gartland, S, Malik, M H A, Lovell, M E·2001·British Journal of Sports Medicine
DOI 10.1136/bjsm.35.5.308PMC PMC1724381
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Abstract

Objective—To determine the type and number of injuries that occur during the training and practice of Muay Thai kick boxing and to compare the data obtained with those from previous studies of karate and taekwondo. Methods—One to one interviews using a standard questionnaire on injuries incurred during training and practice of Muay Thai kick boxing were conducted at various gyms and competitions in the United Kingdom and a Muay Thai gala in Holland. Results—A total of 152 people were questioned, 132 men and 20 women. There were 19 beginners, 82 amateurs, and 51 professionals. Injuries to the lower extremities were the most common in all groups. Head injuries were the second most common in professionals and amateurs. Trunk injuries were the next most common in beginners. The difference in injury distribution among the three groups was significant (p≤0.01). Soft tissue trauma was the most common type of injury in the three groups. Fractures were the second most common in professionals, and in amateurs and beginners it was sprains and strains (p≤0.05). Annual injury rates were: beginners, 13.5/1000 participants; amateurs, 2.43/1000 participants; professionals, 2.79/1000 participants. For beginners, 7% of injuries resulted in seven or more days off training; for amateurs and professionals, these values were 4% and 5.8% respectively. Conclusions—The results are similar to those found for karate and taekwondo with regard to injury distribution, type, and rate. The percentage of injuries resulting in time off training is less.

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  1. [22]22. Zemper ED, Pieter W. Injury rates in junior and senior national taekwondo competition. Proceedings of the first IOC World Congress of Sports Science. Amsterdam: IOC, 1989: 219-20.

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Authors
Gartland, S., Malik, M. H. A., & Lovell, M. E.
Affiliations
Withington Community Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author
Malik, M H A
ORCID
Lovell, M E
Venue
British Journal of Sports Medicine
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2001-10
Volume
35
Issue
5
Pages
308-313
ISSN
  • 0306-3674 (ISSN-L)
  • 1473-0480
DOI
10.1136/bjsm.35.5.308
PMC
PMC1724381
OpenAlex
W2140918605
Semantic Scholar
25dc1761b8aad8db96ad56da1150284546629428
Cited by
144
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
FWCI
0.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • British Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
  • Orthopaedic Proceedings
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Martial Arts: Techniques, Psychology, and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
Keywords
Muay Thai, sports injuries, injury rates, lower limb injuries, traumatic brain injury, soft tissue injury, fracture, sprains and strains, martial arts training
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Contusions, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Physical Education and Training, Sprains and Strains, Thailand, Chi-Square Distribution, Martial Arts, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Soft Tissue Injuries, Fractures, Bone

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