Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 120

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Early influences on blood pressure: a study of children aged 5-7 years.

Whincup, P. H., Cook, D. G., Shaper, A. G.·1989·BMJ
DOI 10.1136/bmj.299.6699.587
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE--To examine factors that influence blood pressure in children. DESIGN--Cross sectional study of children aged 5.0-7.0 years who had blood pressure measurements and for whom parental questionnaires were completed. SETTING--School based survey. SUBJECTS--3591 Children aged 5.0-7.5 years selected by stratified random sampling of primary schools in nine British towns (response rate 72%); 3591 were examined and their parental questionnaires were completed. Data were complete for birth rank in 3559, maternal age in 3542, maternal history of hypertension in 3524, and paternal history in 2633. RESULTS--Birth weight was inversely related to mean systolic blood pressure but only when standardised for current weight (weight standardised regression coefficient -1.83 mm Hg/kg (95% confidence interval -1.31 to -2.35). Mean diastolic pressure was similarly related to birth weight. Maternal age, birth rank, and a parental history of hypertension were all related to blood pressure. After standardisation for current weight a 10 year increase in maternal age was associated with a 1.0 mm Hg (0.4 to 1.6) rise in systolic pressure; first born children had systolic blood pressure on average 2.53 mm Hg (0.81 to 4.25) higher than those whose birth rank was greater than or equal to 4; and a maternal history of hypertension was associated with a systolic pressure on average 0.96 mm Hg (0.41 to 1.51) higher than in those with no such history. The effects described were largely independent of one another and of age and social class. The relation for birth rank was, however, closely related to that for family size. CONCLUSIONS--Influences acting in early life may be important determinants of blood pressure in the first decade. The relation between birth weight and blood pressure may reflect the rate of weight gain in infancy. The reasons for the relation with birth rank and maternal age are unknown; if confirmed they imply that delayed motherhood and smaller family size may be associated with higher blood pressure in offspring.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1136/bmj.299.6699.587

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 29

  1. de Swiet M, Fayers P, Shinebourne EA. Blood pressure survey in a population of normal infants. BrMedJ 1976;ii:9-1 1.
  2. Levine RS, Hennekens CH, Klein B, et al. Tracking correlations of blood pressure lesels in infancy. Pediatrics 1978;61:121-5. · DOI
  3. Zinner SH, Levs PS, Kass EH. Familial aggregation of blood pressure in childhood. N EnglJ Med 1971;284:401-4.. · DOI
  4. Prior IAM, Grimley Evanis J, Harvey HPB, et al. Sodium intakc and blood pressure in two Polynesian populations. N EnglJ Med 1968;279:5 15-20.
  5. Whincup PH, Cook DG, Shaper AG, Macfarlane DJ, Walker M. Blood pressure in British children: associations with adult blood prcssure and cardiovascular mortalitv. Lancet 1988;ii:890-3.
  6. Beaglehole R, Eyles E, Salmond C, Prior I. Blood pressure in Trokelaun children in two contrasting environments. Am] Epidemiol 1978;108:179-86.
  7. Hofman A, Hazebroek A, Valkenburg HA. A randomised trial of sodium intake and blood pressure in newborn infants. JAM.A 1983;250:370-3. · DOI
  8. Barker DJP, Osmond C. Death rates from strokc in England and Wales predicted from past maternal mortality. BrMedJ7 1987;295:83-6.
  9. Wadsworth MEJ, Cripps HA, Midwinter RE, Colley JRT. Blood pressure in a national birth cohort at the age of 36 related to social and familial factors, smoking, and body mass. BrMedJ 1985;291:1534-8.
  10. Barker DJP', Osmond C, Golding J, Kuh D, Wadsworth MEJ. Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Br.Mecdj 1989;298:564-7. · DOI · Paper page
  11. Ounsted MK, Cockburn JM, Moar VA, Redman CWG. Factors associated with the blood pressures of children born to women who were hypertensis c during pregnancy. Arch Dis Child 1985;60:631-5. · DOI
  12. Shaper AG, Ashby D, Pocock SJ. Blood pressure and hypertension in maiddle-aged British men. JHypertens 1988;6:367-74.
  13. Prineas RJ, Gillum RF, Hirobe H, Hannan PJ. The Minneapolis children's blood pressure study. Part 1: standards of measurement for children's blood pressure. Hvpertenston 1980;2 (suppl 1): 18-24.
  14. Whincup PH, Cook DG, Shaper AG. Blood pressure measurement in children; the importance of cuff size. J7 Hvpertens (in press).
  15. Eaton-Esvans J, Dugdale AE. Recall by mothers of birth weights and feeding of their children. Huiman Nutrition: Applied Nutrition 1986;40A: 171-5.
  16. Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Occupational mortality: childhood supplement. The registrar general's decennial supplement for England and Wales 1979-80, 1982-3. Series DS 8. London: HMSO, 1988.
  17. Simpson A, Mortimer JG, Silva PA, Spears G, Williams S. Correlates of blood pressure in a cohort of Dunedin seven year old children. In: Onesti G, Kim KE, eds. Hypertension in the vounlg and old. New York: Grune and Stratton, 1981:153-63.
  18. Cater J, Gill Ml. The follow-up studv: medical aspects. In: Illsey R, Alitchcll RG, eds. Low birth weight, a medical psychological and social study. Chichester: Wiley, 1984: 191-205.
  19. Gennser G, Rvmark 1', Isberg PE. Low birth weight and risk of high blood pressure in adulthood. BrMedJ7 1988;296:1498-1500.
  20. Lee Y-H, Rosner B, Gould JB, Lowe EW, Kass EH. Familial aggregation of blood pressures of newborn infants and their mothers. Pediatrics 1976;58: 722-9. · DOI
  21. Kitterman JA, Phibbs RH, Toolev WH. Aortic blood pressure in normal newborn infants during the first 12 hours of life. Pediatrics 1969;44:959-68.
  22. Schachter J, Kuller LH, Perkins JA\, Radin ME. Infant blood pressure and heart rate: relation to ethnic group (black or white), nutrition and electrolyte intake. Amnj Epidemiol 1979;110:205-18. · DOI
  23. Bucci G, Scalamandre A, Sasignoni PG, et al. The systemic systolic bl(xod prcssurc of newborns svith low weight.,Acta Pacdiatr Scand [Suppl] 1972;229: 1-26.
  24. Holland WW, Yottsig IM. Neonatal blood pressure in relation to maturity, modc otfdeliverv, and condition at bith. BrAledj 1956;ii:1331-3.
  25. Fhomsott J. Observations on weight gain in infants. Arch Dis Child 1955;30: 322-7. · DOI
  26. Cruise MO. A longitudinal study of the growth of low birthweight infants. Pediatrics 1973;51:620-8. · DOI
  27. Office of l'opulation Censuses and Surveys Population Statistics Division. Live births in 1987. I"opulation Trends 1988;53:35-40.
  28. Mlarmot MNIG, Page CAM, Atkins E, Dosuglas JW'B. Effect of breast-feeding on plasma cholesterol and weight in young adtilts. J Epidemiol Communits Healih 1980;34:164-7. · DOI
  29. Lucas A, Msorley R, Hudson GJ, ei al. Early sodium intake and later blood prcsstire in preterm infants. Archt Dis Child 1988;63:656-7. · DOI

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Whincup, P. H., Cook, D. G., & Shaper, A. G.
Venue
BMJ
Publisher
BMJ
Published
1989-09-02
Volume
299
Issue
6699
Pages
587-591
ISSN
  • 0959-8138
  • 1468-5833
DOI
10.1136/bmj.299.6699.587
Cited by
120
References
0
Language
en
Licence
www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.