The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Impact of late diagnosis and treatment on life expectancy in people with HIV-1: UK Collaborative HIV Cohort (UK CHIC) Study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To estimate life expectancy for people with HIV undergoing treatment compared with life expectancy in the general population and to assess the impact on life expectancy of late treatment, defined as CD4 count <200 cells/mm(3) at start of antiretroviral therapy. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Outpatient HIV clinics throughout the United Kingdom. Population Adult patients from the UK Collaborative HIV Cohort (UK CHIC) Study with CD4 count ≤ 350 cells/mm(3) at start of antiretroviral therapy in 1996-2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Life expectancy at the exact age of 20 (the average additional years that will be lived by a person after age 20), according to the cross sectional age specific mortality rates during the study period. RESULTS: 1248 of 17,661 eligible patients died during 91,203 person years' follow-up. Life expectancy (standard error) at exact age 20 increased from 30.0 (1.2) to 45.8 (1.7) years from 1996-9 to 2006-8. Life expectancy was 39.5 (0.45) for male patients and 50.2 (0.45) years for female patients compared with 57.8 and 61.6 years for men and women in the general population (1996-2006). Starting antiretroviral therapy later than guidelines suggest resulted in up to 15 years' loss of life: at age 20, life expectancy was 37.9 (1.3), 41.0 (2.2), and 53.4 (1.2) years in those starting antiretroviral therapy with CD4 count <100, 100-199, and 200-350 cells/mm(3), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Life expectancy in people treated for HIV infection has increased by over 15 years during 1996-2008, but is still about 13 years less than that of the UK population. The higher life expectancy in women is magnified in those with HIV. Earlier diagnosis and subsequent timely treatment with antiretroviral therapy might increase life expectancy.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1
Mocroft, A., Vella, S., Benfield, T., Chiesi, A., Miller, V., Gargalianos, P., Monforte, A. D., Yust, I., Bruun, J., Phillips, A. N., et al. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)03201-2 · Cited by 1,269
Self-citationBraitstein, P. K. A. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68337-2 · Cited by 1,106
Gazzard, B., & on behalf of the BHIVA Treatment Guidelines Writing Group (2008) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00636.x · Cited by 1,090
Self-citation. Survival of persons with and without HIV infection in Denmark, 1995-2005.
Lohse, N., Hansen, A.-B. E., Pedersen, G., Kronborg, G., Gerstoft, J., Sørensen, H. T., Væth, M., & Obel, N. (2007) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00003 · Cited by 748
Egger, M., Hirschel, B. J., Francioli, P. B., Sudre, P., Wirz, M., Flepp, M., Rickenbach, M., Malinverni, R., Vernazza, P., & Battegay, M. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7117.1194 · Cited by 615
Bhaskaran, K. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.300.1.51 · Cited by 495
Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL)—What Does it Measure?
Gardner, J. W., & Sanborn, J. S. (1990) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/00001648-199007000-00012 · Cited by 407
van Sighem, A., Gras, L. A., Reiss, P., Brinkman, K., & de Wolf, F. (2010) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e32833a3946 · Cited by 397
The Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Cohort Collaboration (2007) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e328133f285 · Cited by 292
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 40 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–362 of 362
Nanzigu, S. (2013) · Figshare · Cited by 1
Tran, L. (2016) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 1
Patterson, S. (2016) · Summit (Simon Fraser University) · Cited by 1
(2012) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2012.01029_2.x · Cited by 1
The Many Aspects of Stigma: Engagement-in-Care Narratives of HIV Patients at an Oakland Clinic
Irby, D. P. (2013) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Gewichtsverlust und chronische Diarrhö bei einem 54-jährigen Mann mit HIV-Infektion
Pickel, S., Sinnreich, M. F., Bruder, E., Battegay, M., & Osthoff, M. F. (2015) · Der Internist · doi:10.1007/s00108-014-3624-5
Vitamin D Deficiency and Immune Function in African American, HIV-Infected Men
Ismail, R. H. (2015) · ScholarWorks (Walden University) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.24490.93122
Healthy-illness representation of HIV in the UK
Nixon, E. (2013)
de León, F. L. (2014) · Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado · doi:10.1016/s0304-5412(14)70712-7
Theu, J. (2014) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)
Jones, J. A., Bickler, G., & Abubakar, I. (2012)
Wilson, L. A. (2015) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-3976
Antiretroviral therapy options for treatment-naive patients with HIV-1
Hedley, L., Minton, J., Wallis, G., & Waters, L. J. (2015) · British Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.12968/hmed.2015.76.8.c122
Time taken to reach undetectable viral loads in therapy-naïve HIV patients commencing ART
Ismail, M., Okpo, E. A., Baguley, S., Butt, A., Brawley, D., & Tonna, I. (2015) · Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University)
Jacob, R. A. (2014) · Open University of Cape Town (University of Cape Town)
Johnson, A. M. (2012) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e328354b378
McCombe, K. (2012) · Clinical Risk · doi:10.1258/cr.2012.012018
Development of one-step single-cell RT-PCR for the massively parallel detection of gene expression
Gong, Y. (2014) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Sabin, C. A., Mallon, P. W. G., & Winston, A. (2018) · Trends in Urology & Men s Health · doi:10.1002/tre.636
Self-citationMicrobiota and telomere shortening in gut-lung axis of human immunodeficiency virus infected donors
Yang, S.-W. J. (2018) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0372883
Health care for immigrants in the context of economic crisis
Milionis, C. (2019) · Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) · doi:10.17635/lancaster/thesis/659
Life Expectancy Correlates Strongly with CD4 Count at ART Initiation
Hicks, C. B. (2011) · Journal watch · doi:10.1056/ac201110310000005
Microbes in the Reproductive Tract Spectrum: Inferences from the Microbial World
Manzoor, S., Majid, S., & Rashid, F. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9449-3_18
HIV testing behaviour of Vietnamese-born migrants in greater-Brisbane, Queensland
Blondell, S. J. (2020) · The University of Queensland · doi:10.14264/uql.2020.112
Chest manifestations of human immunodeficiency syndrome: A study from central Karnataka
Bhangari, K., & Sangolli, B. S. (2020) · IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.18231/j.ijirm.2020.009
Madaki, U. Y., Daya, A. A., & Aji, A. (2020) · Scholars Journal of Physics Mathematics and Statistics · doi:10.36347/sjpms.2020.v07i11.002
Traoré, S. (2021) · Mali Santé Publique · doi:10.53318/msp.v10i02.1796
Beitrag des Hausarztes zur sexuellen Gesundheit
Schwerdtfeger, C., & Spinner, C. D. (2020) · MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin · doi:10.1007/s15006-020-0009-7
Optimizing the order of actions in contact tracingPreprint
Meister, M., & Kleinberg, J. M. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2107.09803
Delayed HIV diagnosis in a cystic fibrosis patient: Not just another exacerbation
Bhatia, S., Jakeman, B., Cotton, C., Ryan, K. L., Bader, H., Thomas, E., & Heynekamp, T. (2021) · Respiratory Medicine Case Reports · doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2021.101545
John, J., & Lawton, M. D. (2021) · Clinical Medicine · doi:10.7861/clinmed.let.21.4.4
Rivero, A., Pérez-Molina, J. A., Blasco, A. J., Arribas, J. R., Casal, M. C., Domingo, P., Estrada, V., Iribarren, J. A., Knobel, H., Lázaro, P., et al. (2017) · Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.eimce.2017.01.030
DTB Select: 11 | December 2011
(2011) · Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin · doi:10.1136/dtb.2011.02.0071
Bociański, J., Miszczyk, P., Mikuła, T., & Wiercińska‐Drapało, A. (2022) · Lekarz Wojskowy · doi:10.53301/lw/147851
Troya, J., Pedrero‐Tomé, R., Dueñas, C., & Buzón, L. (2022) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkac354
Al-Mughales, J. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13041154
Kamijo, M., Taniuchi, T., Kubo, K., & Watanabe, T. (2025) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04772-1
Alizadeh, M., Evandi, M. R., Sameri, M. J., bachari, E. S., & Kogani, M. (2025) · Bulletin de la Banque Méllié Iran. · doi:10.61186/ismj.27.5.384
Point-of-care HIV testing in UK dental settings: outcomes of a feasibility and acceptability study
Doughty, J., Burns, F. M., Santella, A. J., O’Keeffe, A. G., Porter, S. R., & Watt, R. G. (2025) · BDJ · doi:10.1038/s41415-025-8920-z
Konishi, K., Uehira, T., Hirota, K., Ueji, T., Nishida, Y., Shirasaka, T., & Watanabe, D. (2025) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-025-12114-8
Morti, L. M., Newton, S., Yawlui, C. A., & Adjei, B. N. (2025) · Advances in Global Health · doi:10.1525/agh.2025.2461356
Leite, P. H. A. D. C., Coelho, L. E., Cardoso, S. W., Moreira, R. I., Veloso, V. G., Grinsztejn, B., & Luz, P. M. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19785731
Boah, M., Yeboah, D., Kpordoxah, M. R., Issah, A.-N., & Adokiya, M. N. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26605435
Feng, S., Zhu, Z., Yang, P., Jin, J., Tuo, H., Wang, N., Bai, R., Sun, Y., Song, L., Zhang, X., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19445324
Ke, S., Fang, Q., Lan, J., Qiao, N., Zhang, X., Xie, C., & Fan, Y. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26615563
Buendia, J. R., Sears, S. C., & Mgbere, O. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21162823
Fujimi, Y., Asai, K., Watanabe, D., Uehira, T., Kanemura, Y., Izutsu, N., KAWABATA, S., Kuroda, H., Kida, M., Kanechi, M., et al. (2026) · Neurologia medico-chirurgica · doi:10.2176/jns-nmc.2025-0348
Life expectancy among people with HIV in Shanghai, 2012–2023
Fu, J., Yue, Q., Liu, C., Shen, X., Chen, X. D., & Ning, Z. (2026) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2026.2635472
Identification et caractérisation d’une nouvelle famille de facteur de restriction - les IFITMs
Tartour, K. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ec615830zd77fz4c07zba10z84319d26ea83
DNA vaccination amplifiers HLA-DR cross-restricted public TCR clonotypes shared with HIV controllers
Mukhopadhyay, M. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/a42f696ez8360z43b6z95a3z984bca393809
Pronostic à long terme des personnes diagnostiquées en primo-infection VIH-1
Novelli, S. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/633fb1a8zca74z4cc3zb003z70ea3468cd35
Impact pronostique des comorbidités chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH âgées de 60 ans et plus.
Hentzien, M. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/303edaceze3f0z427fza5cdz191b7ed8570a
Srihi, H., Abid, N., Fabeni, L., Precone, C., Déméné, H., & Chillemi, G. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27093832
Role of Pharmacist on HIV Service and Research in Southeast Asia
Rahmawati, D. P., & Salleh, N. M. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26472-6.00018-8
Senyolo, I., Goga, N., Elebo, N., Mokete, L., Sikhauli, N., & Pietrzak, J. R. T. (2026) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2026.07.004
Kirwan, P., Stengaard, A. R., Brännström, J., Beckhoven, D. V., van Sighem, A., de Coul, E. O., Gunsenheimer‐Bartmeyer, B., Koppe, U., Martins, H. C., Veríssimo, V. C., et al. (2026) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2026.31.32.2500921
Metadata
- Authors
- May, M., Gompels, M., Delpech, V., Porter, K., Post, F., Johnson, M., Dunn, D., Palfreeman, A., Gilson, R., Gazzard, B., Hill, T., Walsh, J., Fisher, M., Orkin, C., Ainsworth, J., Bansi, L., Phillips, A., Leen, C., Nelson, M., Anderson, J., & Sabin, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- North Bristol NHS Trust (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- King's College London (GB)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- Medical Research Council (GB)
- Leicester Royal Infirmary (GB)
- Mortimer Market Centre (GB)
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (GB)
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (GB)
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- North Middlesex Hospital (GB)
- Western General Hospital (GB)
- Homerton University Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- May, M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2011-10-11
- Volume
- 343
- Issue
- oct11 2
- Pages
- d6016-d6016
- ISSN
- 0007-1447 (ISSN-L)
- 0959-8138
- 1468-5833
- PMC
- PMC3191202
- OpenAlex
- W2008613145
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 22.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- ResearchOnline (submittedVersion)
- Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- ResearchOnline (Glasgow Caledonian University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Keywords
- HIV-1, life expectancy, delayed diagnosis, late treatment, antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, mortality, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Cooperative Behavior, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Life Expectancy, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Practice Guidelines as Topic, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Anti-HIV Agents, Young Adult, Delayed Diagnosis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
