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Cited by 73Mental Health Treatment and AccessHealth Literacy and Information AccessibilityHealth Education and Validation

Assessment of mental health literacy using a multifaceted measure among a Chinese rural population

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Yu, Yu, Liu, Zi-wei, Hu, Mi, Liu, Xi-guang, Liu, Hui-ming, Yang, Joyce P, Zhou, Liang, Xiao, Shui-yuan·2015·BMJ Open
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009054PMC PMC4606438
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Abstract

Objectives: The present study aims to assess mental health literacy (MHL) using a standardised multifaceted 20-item instrument called Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ) developed by the Chinese Ministry of Health, among a rural Chinese population. Setting: Four villages in Liuyang county of Hunan province, China. Participants: This was a cross-sectional study. A multistage cluster-sampling method was adopted, leading to a final sampling frame of 2377 residents aged 18–60 years from four villages of Liuyang county. Included in the study were residents aged 18–60 years living in their village for at least half a year; excluded were those not living in the areas during the research period, those with difficulty in communication due to serious physical or mental illness and those who were cognitively impaired or actively psychotic. Finally, 2052 participants completed the survey. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Primary outcome was correct response rate of the MHKQ; secondary outcome measures were association between sociodemographics and MHL, and association between MHL and health outcomes. Results: Correct response rates for the 20 MHKQ items ranged from 19% to 94%, with a mean rate of 58%. Younger age (r=−0.02, p<0.01), higher education (r: 1.38–2.69, p<0.01) and higher income (r=0.41, p<0.01), were independently associated with higher MHL. MHL was independently associated with self-rated general health (r=2.31, p<0.01), depression (r=−0.09, p<0.01) and anxiety (r=−0.07, p<0.05). Conclusions: MHL in the rural areas of Liuyang is lower than that reported in urban areas of China. There is much room for improvement with regard to MHL promotion in rural areas of China. Younger age, higher education and higher income are the three robust factors related to higher MHL, so cohort-specific educational intervention efforts may be indicated.

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  • The MHKQ is a measure of mental health knowledge consisting of 20 true and false questions and 5 vignettes, with response rates ranging from 19% to 94% and Cronbach alpha coefficients ranging from .57 to .73 in past research with Chinese samples.

    “Mental health knowledge and literacy will be evaluated using the mental health knowledge questionnaire (MHKQ) [27].”

    From Promoting the mental health of university students in China: Protocol for contextual assessment to inform intervention design and adaptation (2021) · cites this paper as [29]

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. [28]Ministries of Health, Civil Affairs, Public Security, et al Mental Health Work Plan of China (2002–2010). Shanghai Arch Psychiatry 2003; 15: 125– 8.
  2. [30]Xu J, Wang BH, Hu MY The Development and evaluation of Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale-prior test version. Chin J Behav Med Sci 2000; 9: 65– 8.
  3. [31]Xu J, Guo R, Liu YS The Study of Responsiveness on Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (the Revised Version 1.0). Chin J Health Stat 2003; 20: 272– 5.
  4. [42]Liang XP, Zhu XJ, Liu T Cross-sectional survey on awareness of mental health knowledge among communities in Xi'an. China J Health Psychol 2011; 25: 1200– 2.

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Authors
Yu, Y., Liu, Z.-W., Hu, M., Liu, X.-G., Liu, H.-M., Yang, J. P., Zhou, L., & Xiao, S.-Y.
Affiliations
  • Central South University (CN)
  • Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
  • University of Washington (US)
ORCID
Venue
BMJ Open
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2015-10
Volume
5
Issue
10
Pages
e009054
ISSN
2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009054
PMC
PMC4606438
OpenAlex
W2175824867
Cited by
73
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2
FWCI
6.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 CX002015)
  • Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate (CX2015B058)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
  • Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
Keywords
mental health literacy, rural population, sociodemographic factors, educational attainment, income, self-rated health, depression, anxiety, mental health promotion
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Retrospective Studies, Rural Population, Young Adult, Health Literacy, Quality Improvement

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