Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 111

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Comparison of individual-level versus area-level socioeconomic measures in assessing health outcomes of children in Olmsted County, Minnesota

Pardo-Crespo, Maria R, Narla, Nirmala Priya, Williams, Arthur R, Beebe, Timothy J, Sloan, Jeff, Yawn, Barbara P, Wheeler, Philip H, Juhn, Young J·2013·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
DOI 10.1136/jech-2012-201742
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important determinant of health, but SES measures are frequently unavailable in commonly used datasets. Area-level SES measures are used as proxy measures of individual SES when the individual measures are lacking. Little is known about the agreement between individual-level versus area-level SES measures in mixed urban–rural settings. Methods: We identified SES agreement by comparing information from telephone self-reported SES levels and SES calculated from area-level SES measures. We assessed the impact of this agreement on reported associations between SES and rates of childhood obesity, low birth weight <2500 g and smoking within the household in a mixed urban–rural setting. Results: 750 households were surveyed with a response rate of 62%: 51% male, 89% Caucasian; mean child age 9.5 years. Individual-level self-reported income was more strongly associated with all three childhood health outcomes compared to area-level SES. We found significant disagreement rates of 22–31%. The weighted Cohen's κ indices ranged from 0.15 to 0.22, suggesting poor agreement between individual-level and area-level measures. Conclusion: In a mixed urban–rural setting comprised of both rural and urbanised areas, area-level SES proxy measures significantly disagree with individual SES measures, and have different patterns of association with health outcomes from individual-level SES measures. Area-level SES may be an unsuitable proxy for SES when individual rather than community characteristics are of primary concern.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1136/jech-2012-201742

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 37

  1. 10.1503/cmaj.081629 · DOI
  2. 10.2105/AJPH.2008.150771 · DOI
  3. 10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00281-2 · DOI
  4. 10.1056/NEJMsa0707519 · DOI
  5. 10.1037/0033-2909.128.2.295 · DOI
  6. 10.1177/0022034511432341 · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.60 · DOI
  8. 10.1073/pnas.1202734109 · DOI · Paper page
  9. 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0173 · DOI
  10. Liberatos, 1988, The measurement of social class in epidemiology, Epidemiol Rev, 10, 87, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036030 · DOI
  11. 10.1001/jama.2012.340 · DOI
  12. 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.11.020 · DOI
  13. 10.2105/AJPH.82.5.703 · DOI
  14. 10.1016/S1047-2797(01)00221-6 · DOI
  15. Demissie, 2000, Agreement in measuring socio-economic status: area-based versus individual measures, Chronic Dis Can, 21, 1
  16. 10.1186/1472-6963-11-69 · DOI
  17. Marengo, 2011, Should aggregate US Census data be used as a proxy for individual household income in a birth defects registry?, J Registry Manag, 38, 9
  18. 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182349b97 · DOI
  19. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009673 · DOI
  20. 10.1136/jech.57.3.186 · DOI
  21. 10.1093/eurpub/cki069 · DOI
  22. 10.1093/aje/kwj313 · DOI · Paper page
  23. 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182125cff · DOI
  24. 10.2105/AJPH.2005.075408 · DOI
  25. 10.1097/01.mlr.0000182517.57235.6d · DOI
  26. 10.2105/AJPH.88.7.1074 · DOI
  27. Sin, 2001, Do area-based markers of poverty accurately measure personal poverty?, Can J Public Health, 92, 184, 10.1007/BF03404301 · DOI
  28. 10.1007/s11524-011-9572-7 · DOI
  29. Fleiss JL . Statistical methods for rates and proportions. New York: Wiley-Interscience, John Wiley and Sons, 1981.
  30. 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.998 · DOI
  31. 10.1093/aje/kwj314 · DOI
  32. 10.1093/ije/dyg084 · DOI
  33. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.034 · DOI
  34. 10.2105/AJPH.87.7.1113 · DOI
  35. 10.1093/aje/kwm277 · DOI
  36. 10.1093/aje/kwp458 · DOI
  37. Eaden, 1999, Questionnaires: the use and abuse of social survey methods in medical research, Postgrad Med J, 75, 397, 10.1136/pgmj.75.885.397 · DOI

Cited by

See all 111

Metadata

Authors
Pardo-Crespo, M. R., Narla, N. P., Williams, A. R., Beebe, T. J., Sloan, J., Yawn, B. P., Wheeler, P. H., & Juhn, Y. J.
Affiliations
  • Division of Community Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
  • Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
  • Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
  • Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
  • Department of Research, Olmsted Medical Center, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
  • Rochester Olmsted Planning Department, Olmsted County, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Venue
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2013-01-15
Volume
67
Issue
4
Pages
305-310
ISSN
  • 0143-005X
  • 1470-2738
DOI
10.1136/jech-2012-201742
Cited by
111
References
2
Language
en

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.