Social determinants of health inequalities

Marmot, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71146-6

Cited by 5,086Public Health and Social InequalitiesHealth disparities and outcomesPublic Health Policies and Education

Social determinants of health inequalities

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Marmot, Michael·2005·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71146-6

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Abstract

The gross inequalities in health that we see within and between countries present a challenge to the world. That there should be a spread of life expectancy of 48 years among countries and 20 years or more within countries is not inevitable. A burgeoning volume of research identifies social factors at the root of much of these inequalities in health. Social determinants are relevant to communicable and non-communicable disease alike. Health status, therefore, should be of concern to policy makers in every sector, not solely those involved in health policy. As a response to this global challenge, WHO is launching a Commission on Social Determinants of Health, which will review the evidence, raise societal debate, and recommend policies with the goal of improving health of the world's most vulnerable people. A major thrust of the Commission is turning public-health knowledge into political action.

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Low socioeconomic position, measured by poverty, income, wealth, education, or occupation, has repeatedly been linked to greater disease and death in the US and elsewhere.
“Low socioeconomic position, measured variously in terms of poverty, income, wealth, education, or occupation, has been repeatedly linked to a greater burden of disease and death in the United States and other countries.”
From Social security and mortality: The role of income support policies and population health in the United States (2011) · cites this paper as [2]
Social determinants-the circumstances in which people live and work-affect health.
“There is nearly universal agreement in the scientific and public health communities that social determinants, 1 the circumstances in which people live and work, affect health. 1”
From Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
Social determinants of health are highly relevant in the occurrence of health problems and disparities related to health problems.
“Social determinants of health are highly relevant in the occurrence of health problems and disparities related to health problems (Fig. 2) [36].”
From Conceptual framework of equity-focused implementation research for health programs (EquIR) (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
Sodium valproate is associated with insulin resistance which increases the risk of developing T2D.
“It is also associated with insulin resistance which increases the risk of developing T2D 182 .”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [182]
We have the knowledge and means to deal with the social determinants of health, including mental health.
“We have the knowledge and means to deal with the social determinants of health, including mental health 43,44 .”
From Ethical challenges in contemporary psychiatry: an overview and an appraisal of possible strategies and research needs (2024) · cites this paper as [43]

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Self-citation

Authors: Marmot, M.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Marmot, Michael
ORCID: Marmot, Michael
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-03
Volume: 365
Issue: 9464
Pages: 1099-1104
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71146-6
OpenAlex: W2131854704
Cited by: 5,086
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 470 · 2025: 418 · 2024: 300 · 2023: 322 · 2022: 336 · 2021: 413 · 2020: 395 · 2019: 328 · 2018: 271 · 2017: 265 · 2016: 222 · 2015: 213 · 2014: 206 · 2013: 190 · 2012: 169
FWCI: 68.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
discovery.ucl.ac.uk
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University College London
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Public Health Policies and Education
Keywords: social determinants of health, health disparities, life expectancy, WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, non-communicable diseases, infectious diseases, health policy, vulnerable populations
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Developing Countries, Female, Health Status, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Poverty, Public Health, Social Justice, Socioeconomic Factors

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