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Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (CAMS) study: safety and efficacy data for 12 months follow up
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the effectiveness and long term safety of cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (MS), in a follow up to the main Cannabinoids in Multiple Sclerosis (CAMS) study. METHODS: In total, 630 patients with stable MS with muscle spasticity from 33 UK centres were randomised to receive oral Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), cannabis extract, or placebo in the main 15 week CAMS study. The primary outcome was change in the Ashworth spasticity scale. Secondary outcomes were the Rivermead Mobility Index, timed 10 metre walk, UK Neurological Disability Score, postal Barthel Index, General Health Questionnaire-30, and a series of nine category rating scales. Following the main study, patients were invited to continue medication, double blinded, for up to 12 months in the follow up study reported here. RESULTS: Intention to treat analysis of data from the 80% of patients followed up for 12 months showed evidence of a small treatment effect on muscle spasticity as measured by change in Ashworth score from baseline to 12 months (Delta(9)-THC mean reduction 1.82 (n = 154, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 3.12), cannabis extract 0.10 (n = 172, 95% CI -0.99 to 1.19), placebo -0.23 (n = 176, 95% CI -1.41 to 0.94); p = 0.04 unadjusted for ambulatory status and centre, p = 0.01 adjusted). There was suggestive evidence for treatment effects of Delta(9)-THC on some aspects of disability. There were no major safety concerns. Overall, patients felt that these drugs were helpful in treating their disease. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide limited evidence for a longer term treatment effect of cannabinoids. A long term placebo controlled study is now needed to establish whether cannabinoids may have a role beyond symptom amelioration in MS.
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“This study reported that 74% of the patients in the placebo group, versus 45% of the patients receiving cannabinoid-based medications, cited a lack of benefit derived from experimental medication as the reason for discontinuation of the trial.145”
From Cannabinoids as Pharmacotherapies for Neuropathic Pain: From the Bench to the Bedside (2009) · cites this paper as [145]
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“A one year double-blind, placebo-controlled follow up study in MS patients demonstrated improved symptoms of pain, spasms, spasticity, sleep, shakiness, energy level, and tiredness following administration of either dronabinol or Cannador®.145”
From Cannabinoids as Pharmacotherapies for Neuropathic Pain: From the Bench to the Bedside (2009) · cites this paper as [145]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zajicek, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Zajicek, J P
- ORCID
- Zajicek, J P
- Venue
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2005-12-01
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1664-1669
- ISSN
- 0022-3050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1739436
- OpenAlex
- W2031114852
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 14.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, cannabinoids, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabis extracts, spasticity, long-term safety, disability, mobility (physical function), spasticity management
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Cannabis, Double-Blind Method, Female, Persons with Disabilities, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Placebos, Plant Extracts, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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