Cited by 788Sleep and Work-Related FatigueWorkplace Health and Well-beingOccupational Health and Safety in Workplaces

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: new evidence from the United States

Open access

Dembe, A E, Erickson, J B, Delbos, R G, Banks, S M·2005·Occupational and Environmental Medicine

DOI 10.1136/oem.2004.016667PMC PMC1741083

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Aims: To analyse the impact of overtime and extended working hours on the risk of occupational injuries and illnesses among a nationally representative sample of working adults from the United States. Methods: Responses from 10 793 Americans participating in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) were used to evaluate workers’ job histories, work schedules, and occurrence of occupational injury and illness between 1987 and 2000. A total of 110 236 job records were analysed, encompassing 89 729 person-years of accumulated working time. Aggregated incidence rates in each of five exposure categories were calculated for each NLSY survey period. Multivariate analytical techniques were used to estimate the relative risk of long working hours per day, extended hours per week, long commute times, and overtime schedules on reporting a work related injury or illness, after adjusting for age, gender, occupation, industry, and region. Results: After adjusting for those factors, working in jobs with overtime schedules was associated with a 61% higher injury hazard rate compared to jobs without overtime. Working at least 12 hours per day was associated with a 37% increased hazard rate and working at least 60 hours per week was associated with a 23% increased hazard rate. A strong dose-response effect was observed, with the injury rate (per 100 accumulated worker-years in a particular schedule) increasing in correspondence to the number of hours per day (or per week) in the workers’ customary schedule. Conclusions: Results suggest that job schedules with long working hours are not more risky merely because they are concentrated in inherently hazardous industries or occupations, or because people working long hours spend more total time “at risk” for a work injury. Strategies to prevent work injuries should consider changes in scheduling practices, job redesign, and health protection programmes for people working in jobs involving overtime and extended hours.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1136/oem.2004.016667

Cites

0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Health and safety problems associated with long working hours: a review of the current position
Spurgeon, A., Harrington, J. M., & Cooper, C. L. (1997) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.54.6.367 · Cited by 532
Associations between overtime and psychological health in high and low reward jobs
Van Der Hulst, M., & Geurts, S. (2001) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/026783701110.1080/02678370110066580 · Cited by 213

Show all 0 references

Research works printed but not linked: 60

1996, J Occup Med, 38, 1007, 10.1097/00043764-199610000-00010 · DOI
1998, Ind Health, 36, 361, 10.2486/indhealth.36.361 · DOI
10.1016/0021-9681(60)90060-6 · DOI
1998, Psychoth Psychosom, 67, 226, 10.1159/000012285 · DOI
1998, Ind Health, 36, 209, 10.2486/indhealth.36.209 · DOI
10.1136/oem.59.7.447 · DOI
1958, Am J Med Sci, 235, 266, 10.1097/00000441-195803000-00003 · DOI
10.1136/bmj.317.7161.775 · DOI
1991, J Hum Ergol, 20, 147
10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00287.x · DOI
2001, Ind Health, 39, 250, 10.2486/indhealth.39.250 · DOI
1996, Scand J Work Environ Health, 22, 124, 10.5271/sjweh.120 · DOI
1995, J Sleep Res, 4, 51, 10.1111/j.1365-2869.1995.tb00227.x · DOI
1997, International Journal of Stress Management, 4, 79
1995, Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi (Japanese Journal of Hygiene), 50, 849, 10.1265/jjh.50.849 · DOI
1999, Occup Health Rev, 80, 28
1992, Can J Behav Sci, 24, 290, 10.1037/h0078743 · DOI
10.2307/2137364 · DOI
1999, Health Rep, 11, 33
1995, Ergonomics, 38, 763, 10.1080/00140139508925148 · DOI
1999, Occup Environ Med, 56, 59, 10.1136/oem.56.1.59 · DOI
2002, Scan J Work Environ Health, 28, 394, 10.5271/sjweh.691 · DOI
1996, Am J Public Health, 86, 1539, 10.2105/AJPH.86.11.1539 · DOI
10.1136/jech.53.6.359 · DOI
2002, J Occup Health Psychol, 6, 101
1995, Bull Hong Kong Psychol Soc, 34/35, 30
10.1108/01437739910251125 · DOI
10.1136/oem.58.1.52 · DOI
1999, J Manag Psychol, 14, 569, 10.1108/02683949910292169 · DOI
10.1136/oem.58.1.68 · DOI
Kodz J, Davis S, Lain D, et al. Working long hours in the U.K.: a review of the research literature, analysis of survey data, and cross-national organizational case studies. Employment Relations Research Series No. 16. Department of Trade and Industry 2001.
1997, J Occup Organ Psychol, 70, 391, 10.1111/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00656.x · DOI
10.5271/sjweh.720 · DOI · Paper page
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199808)34:2<113::AID-AJIM3>3.0.CO;2-Y · DOI
1996, Acad Emerg Med, 3, 605, 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1996.tb03471.x · DOI
2000, Anaesthesic Intensive Care, 28, 178, 10.1177/0310057X0002800209 · DOI
2000, Work and Stress, 14, 181, 10.1080/026783700750051685 · DOI
1997, International Journal of Stress Management, 4, 79
2000, J Occup Environ Med, 42, 1035, 10.1097/00043764-200010000-00011 · DOI
Duchon J, Smith T. Extended workdays in mining and other industries: a review of the literature. Minneapolis: United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Information Circular, Twin Cities Research Center, 1994.
1997, Int J Ind Ergon, 20, 31, 10.1016/S0169-8141(96)00029-7 · DOI
10.1016/S0001-4575(99)00067-6 · DOI
2002, Work and Stress, 16, 264, 10.1080/02678370210163301 · DOI
10.1177/001872089403600206 · DOI
1998, Scand J Work Environ Health, 24, 43
1995, Shiftwork International Newsletter, 12, 2
2004, Aviation Space Environ Med, 75, A161
10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12566-4 · DOI
2002, J Sleep Res, 11, 69, 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00287.x · DOI
10.1016/S0169-8141(00)00058-5 · DOI
2000, Eur Rev Appl Psychol, 50, 443
10.1055/s-2002-19508 · DOI
10.1136/oem.58.3.178 · DOI
1989, J Soc Occup Med, 39, 81, 10.1093/occmed/39.3.81 · DOI
1985, Ind Rel, 24, 234, 10.1111/j.1468-232X.1985.tb00992.x · DOI
Stata Corporation. Stata user’s guide. College Station, TX: Stata Press, 2003.
Folkard S, Lombardi D. Modelling the impact of the components of long work hours on injuries and “accidents”. Presentation at the National Institute of Justice and CDC/NIOSH Conference on Impact of Long Working Hours. Baltimore, MD, 29–30 April 2004.
2000, Monthly Labor Rev, 123, 30
10.5271/sjweh.262 · DOI
1998, Ind Health, 36, 361, 10.2486/indhealth.36.361 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 671

Using a biomathematical model to assess fatigue risk and scheduling characteristics in Canadian wildland firefighters
Jeklin, A. T., Davies, H., Bredin, S. S. D., Perrotta, A. S., Hives, B. A., Meanwell, L. E., & Warburton, D. E. R. (2021) · International Journal of Wildland Fire · doi:10.1071/wf20094 · Cited by 4
A narrative review of the risk factors and psychological consequences of injury in horseracing stable staff
Davies, E., McConn-Palfreyman, W., Williams, J., & Lovell, G. (2021) · Comparative Exercise Physiology · doi:10.3920/cep200073 · Cited by 3
Work Time
Wooden, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69909-7_3262-2
Prevalence of Accidental Injuries among Building Construction Workers in Bangladesh
Rahman, M. S., Karmaker, C. L., Roy, R., & Ahmed, S. M. T. (2020) · doi:10.12944/cwe.15.1.07 · Cited by 3
Ergonomic risk assessment of maintenance job in a gas power station
Ismaila, S., Oriolowo, T., Kuye, S., Adekunle, N., Adewumi, B., & Alabi, A. (2020) · Sigurnost · doi:10.31306/s.62.1.1 · Cited by 3
“Based on the study of Dembe et al. (2005) that the number of hours of work was positively associated with an increasing risk of injury, a scale of 1 was assigned for 0 to 8 hrs of work; 2 for 9 to 10 hrs; 3 for 11 to 12 hrs; 4 for 13 to 14 hrs and 5 for greater than 14 hrs.”
Background
Bending Work Time: Curvilinear Relationship Between Working Time Dimensions and Psychological and Somatic Symptoms
Tanskanen, J. (2019) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001787 · Cited by 3
Long Working Hours and the Risk of Chronic Disease
Pál, A., Dwivedi, L., & Kumari, D. (2018) · Social Change · doi:10.1177/0049085717743839 · Cited by 3
Human, Organizational Factors (HOF) and workplace accidents among the Ferroalloy industries in Bhutan
Dendup, P., Punpeng, T., & Boonshuyar, C. (2017) · doi:10.24321/2454.325x.201709 · Cited by 3
“Working at least 12 hours per day and 60 hours per week was found to be associated with 37% and 23% increase in injury rate respectively [32, 33].”
Background
The Effects of Night Shift Schedule on Workers' Life and Wellbeing: Gender Differences
Fasanya, B. K., & Pope-Ford, R. (2017) · International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60525-8_57 · Cited by 3
Business Ethics in Apparel Manufacturing: A Literature Review
Rathnayake, U., & Karunasena, G. (2015) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2699806 · Cited by 3
Explaining occupational injury rates between migrant and native workers in Taiwan, 1998–2011
You, S.-F., & Wong, Y. (2015) · doi:10.1177/0117196815611538 · Cited by 3
“Dembe et al. (2005) pointed out that workers who worked with overtime schedules had higher injury rates than those without overtime schedules.”
Background
Travail posté : quel(s) critère(s) de pénibilité ?
Amiard, V., & Libert, J. (2015) · Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail/Archives des maladies professionnelles et de l'environnement · doi:10.1016/j.admp.2015.02.006 · Cited by 3
Introduction: advancing women’s careers: a key business issue
Burke, R. J., & Vinnicombe, S. (2013) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9780857938961.00006 · Cited by 8
“Working long hours has also been found to be associated with lower levels of both psychological and physical health, and more errors and accidents (Dembe et al., 2005; van der Hulst, 2003).”
Background
Musculoskeletal Disorders in Workers-risk factors: What Can We Do?
Cc, M. (2013) · Journal of Postgenomics Drug & Biomarker Development · doi:10.4172/2329-6879.1000113 · Cited by 3
“Workers are often subjected to repetitive movements and vibration, the lifting and transport of weights, incorrect postures for prolonged periods of time is sometimes long working hours [18-28].”
Background
A Biomechanical Analysis of Weighted Lifting With an Active Knee Exoskeleton
Meagher, M. A., Hunt, G. R., Ortolano, B., Murray, R. C., Gabert, L., Foreman, K. B., & Lenzi, T. (2025) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2025.3593446 · Cited by 3
High Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Self-Medication among Street Vendors in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR)
Mossoro-Kpinde, H. D., Kongbanda, P. A., Balekouzou, A., Diemer, H., Yabada, J. A. P. D., Nzobe, C. N. L. D., Grésenguet, G., & Ndiaye, M. (2023) · Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.4236/odem.2023.114016 · Cited by 3
Occupational accidents with biological material among professionals in clinical laboratories in Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil.
Silva, J. B. N. F., Leite, T. D. A., Leite, A. L., & Matias, W. N. (2017) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho · doi:10.5327/z1679443520170052 · Cited by 3
The combined impact of ability, motivation, and opportunity factors on employees’ sustained workplace proactivity
Lan, Z., Wu, X., Xing, X., & Wang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1772119 · Cited by 6
“Long-term heavy overtime may also deteriorate employees’ health conditions (Dembe et al., 2005).”
Establishment and analysis of evaluation criteria for green remodeling decision-making of small-scale private buildings
Kim, S., Song, Y.-W., Chung, M.-H., Moon, J. W., & Park, J. C. (2026) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116797 · Cited by 2
Impact of Stress on Employee Productivity Performance and Turnover in Nepalese Commercial Banks
Rauniyar, S. K. (2025) · Nepalese Journal of Business · doi:10.3126/njb.v12i3.84467 · Cited by 2
“According to Dembe et al .”
Fatigue in wildland firefighting: relationships between sleep, shift characteristics, and cognitive function
Wallace-Webb, J. E., Coehoorn, C. J., Purewal, S., Thomas, G., Muirhead, K., Angus, J., & Stuart-Hill, L. A. (2025) · International Journal of Wildland Fire · doi:10.1071/wf24212 · Cited by 5
Prevalence and Frequency of Non-Fatal Workplace Injuries Among Waste Recyclers at Buy-Back Centres in Johannesburg, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ramatsoma, H., Motlhale, M., Moiane, T., Wilson, K., & Naicker, N. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22091348 · Cited by 2
“We observed a 1.22-fold increase in the risk of frequent injury for each extra hour worked, which aligns with evidence that longer work hours induce fatigue and elevate injury risk [26,27].”
Influential
Formation Mechanism and Evolutionary Laws of Well-Being at Work Among the New Generation of Construction Workers in China
Hu, Y., Tian, G., Gao, L., Yu, Y., & Ni, G. (2025) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings15050799 · Cited by 4
Work Disability Prevention and Management
Kertay, L., Caruso, G. M., Baker, N. A., Christian, J. B., Cook, J. L., Das, R., Goertz, M., McKenzie, J. G., Martin, D. W., Melhorn, J. M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000003320 · Cited by 10
Exploring the Health and Well-being Impacts of Shift Work on Nurses: A Literature Review
Moteri, G. R. A., Almutairi, F., ALmutairi, M., Naif, Z., Alotaibi, M., Almutairi, K. R., Almutawabojabra, H. A., Aqoub, W., Almutairi, F., Alshuwayman, A. A., et al. (2024) · Power system technology · doi:10.52783/pst.991 · Cited by 2
Arbeitszeitgestaltung in Wissenschaft und Praxis
Arlinghaus, A. (2024) · Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s41449-024-00447-0 · Cited by 2
“Auch die wöchentliche Arbeitszeit hängt mit dem Un-fallrisiko zusammen (Arlinghaus et al. 2012; Dembe et al. 2005; Folkard und Lombardi 2006), wobei hier die La-ge und Dauer der gearbeiteten Schichten zusammenwir-ken: Bei langer täglicher Schichtdauer und zunehmen-dem Nachtanteil steigt das Risiko…”
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers
Wang, L., & Welbourne, J. L. (2024) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-05-2024-4517 · Cited by 3
Working Time, Income Inequality, and Life Expectancy: A Longitudinal Analysis of US States, 2005–2018
Fitzgerald, J. B. (2024) · Sociological Inquiry · doi:10.1111/soin.12630 · Cited by 3
The Non-Agricultural Labour Productivity Effects of Working Time: South Africa’s Case
Chipeta, C., Habanabakize, T., & Zerihun, M. (2024) · Management and Economics Review · doi:10.24818/mer/2024.01-04 · Cited by 2
Die 30-Stunden-Woche in der Praxis: Effekte einer Arbeitszeitverkürzung auf Gesundheit, Work-Life-Balance und Arbeitsorganisation
Arlinghaus, A., Vetter, C., & Gärtner, J. (2024) · Zeitschrift für Ernährungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s41449-023-00401-6 · Cited by 2
“Lange wöchentliche Arbeitszeiten hängen mit gesteiger-ten Risiken für Arbeitsunfälle zusammen (Dembe et al. 2005), wobei dies stark durch die Verteilung der Arbeits-zeit moderiert wird.”
Evolution of occupational illness in Spain during 2009-2020: Territorial and industrial trends
Delgado-Sánchez, D. (2023) · Tec Empresarial · doi:10.18845/te.v17i1.6474 · Cited by 2
“…occupational illnesses) together with a low monitoring of businesses’ work practices (long working hours, lack of internal safety controls) increase workers’ vulnerability and, subsequently, the prevalence of occupational illnesses (Dembe et al., 2005; Quandt et al., 2006; Muula et al., 2010 ).”
Background
Occupational injuries among female seafood processing workers in Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Navya, V., Sumit, K., & Tiwari, R. (2022) · Women & health · doi:10.1080/03630242.2022.2158416 · Cited by 2
Long working hours and the risk of hypothyroidism in healthy Korean workers: a cohort study
Lee, Y., Lee, W., & Kim, H. (2022) · Epidemiology and Health · doi:10.4178/epih.e2022104 · Cited by 2
“When employees are at high risk of losing their job or threatened with disciplinary action, it is mandatory rather than voluntary for such workers to work long hours [41].”
Background
Assessing Self-reported Occupational Hazards of Manure Applicators in the Upper Midwest
Charlier, D., Wilson, M. L., Modderman, C., Cortus, E., Janni, K., Peterson, C., Schossow, M., Alexander, B., & Bender, J. (2022) · Journal of Agromedicine · doi:10.1080/1059924x.2022.2089423 · Cited by 2
“Dembe et al.27 demonstrated a strong dose-response relationship where the rate of occupational injury increased as the number of hours worked per day increased, regardless of the worker’s age, gender, occupation, industry, or region.”
Background
Child Gender and Married Women’s Overwork: Evidence from Rural–Urban Migrants in China
Song, Y., & Wang, R. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10061126 · Cited by 2
“overtime working increases their health risks due to worksite hazard exposure [20].”
Background
GENÇLİK ÇALIŞMAK İSTEMİYOR MU? YİYECEK - İÇECEK İŞLETMELERİNDE İSTİHDAMIN İŞVEREN VE İŞGÖREN AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Bilgin, Y. K. (2022) · Beykoz Akademi Dergisi · doi:10.14514/beykozad.1084702 · Cited by 2
The relationship between long working hours and weight gain in older workers in Europe
Güner, Ü., & Guner, N. (2020) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-203324 · Cited by 2
“For example, Dembe et al. [34] used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) dataset, a nationally representative dataset for the United States.”
Longitudinal association between near-misses/minor injuries and moderate/severe injuries in industrial settings by presence/absence of depressive symptoms in a nationally representative sample of workers in Japan
Yamauchi, T., Takahashi, K., Suka, M., Sasaki, T., Takahashi, M., Yoshikawa, T., Okoshi, H., Umezaki, S., & Yanagisawa, H. (2020) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oemed-2020-106460 · Cited by 2
“16 Based on this and other previous literature regarding occupational injuries 13 17 and the properties of mediators and moderators, 18 in the present study, we developed a conceptual model among near-misses/minor injuries, moderate/ severe injuries and depressive symptoms (figure 1).”
Factors Associated With Injury Among Employees at a U.S. Army Hospital
Schuh-Renner, A., Canham-Chervak, M., Hearn, D. W., Loveless, P. A., & Jones, B. H. (2018) · Workplace Health & Safety · doi:10.1177/2165079917736069 · Cited by 2
Does Minimum Wage Affect Workplace Safety
Hradil, V. (2018) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3161175 · Cited by 2
Occupational Health and Safety in Small Enterprises: A Field Study in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Al-Ghamri, N. (2017) · doi:10.5539/ibr.v10n10p182 · Cited by 2
I NFLUENCE OF PROFESSION AL STRESS ON TEMPORA RY AND PERMANENT WORKIN G ABILITY OF EXPOSED WORKERS
Jovanović, S., Šarac, I., Jovanović, J., Junidi, M. K. A., & Đinđić, N. (2017) · doi:10.5633/amm.2017.0320 · Cited by 2
“The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: new evidence from the United States.”
BackgroundInfluential
Pressure, Performance and Prestige: Dilemmas for Contemporary Professionals
Lemos, A. H. D. C., Gottlieb, L. N., & da Costa, A. D. S. M. (2016) · doi:10.1590/1984-9230791 · Cited by 2
Working Hour, Work-Life Balance and Mental Health on Construction Workers
Young, F. Y. F. (2016) · Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.11648/j.jhrm.20160405.11 · Cited by 2
“Long working hours indirectly precipitate workplace accidents by inducing fatigue or stress in affected workers [2].”
Background
The Change of Sleep Quality after Transition to Consecutive Day Shift from Day and Night Shift: A Motor Assembly Factory Case
Song, H. (2015) · Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene · doi:10.15269/jksoeh.2015.25.4.566 · Cited by 1
“미국 청년층패널조사(National longitudinal survey or youth)에서 10,793명을 분석한 연구에 따르 면 12시간 이상 근무자는 8시간 근무자에 비해 사고 가 37% 더 발생했다(Dembe et al., 2005).”
Understanding the Probability of a Disability Resulting From Work-Related Injuries
Maxwell, N., & Wozny, N. (2015) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000550 · Cited by 2
The Effect of Relative Performance Information and Other Employee Behavior on NoncompliancePreprint
Ewelt-Knauer, C., Knauer, T., & Sharp, D. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2696613 · Cited by 2
Influence of Job Stress on Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Employees in Construction Industries in Kerala
Mathew, L. (2014) · doi:10.14445/22315381/ijett-v17p273 · Cited by 2
“In [4], the study shows the impact of overtime and extended working hours on the risk of occupational injuries and illness among a nationally representative sample of working adults from the United States.”
Background
Impact van afwijkende werktijden: wat weten we vanuit de wetenschappelijke literatuur?
van Zwieten, M., Houtman, I., & Hesselink, D. J. K. (2011) · Tijdschrift voor bedrijfs- en verzekeringsgeneeskunde · doi:10.1007/s12498-011-0227-0 · Cited by 2
Do RNs in British Columbia Work Excessive Hours? A Registry Data Study
Logie, A., & Geiger-Brown, J. (2017) · Journal of Nursing Regulation · doi:10.1016/s2155-8256(17)30022-4 · Cited by 2
Immigration status and work disability duration in British Columbia
Saffari, N. (2016) · doi:10.14288/1.0314195 · Cited by 2
“Long working hours (Dembe et al., 2005), shift work (Folkard & Lombardi, 2006), and”
Background
Balancing Efficiency and Safety: How and When Algorithmic Management Induces Gig Workers' Unsafe Behavior
Zhu, Y., Long, L., Huang, S., Zhang, Y. G., & Huang, Z. (2026) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.70073 · Cited by 2
Lean 5S + Safety and Work-Related Injuries in an Aluminum Casting Plant: A Five-Year Department-Stratified Analysis
Şahin, İ., & Şen, S. (2026) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app16031395 · Cited by 1
Beyond hours: how conformity-driven overtime influences work withdrawal behavior via dual psychological mechanisms
Liu, X., Wei, X., & Wang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1711549 · Cited by 2
Hospital unit working conditions and risk for employee injury
Gecili, E., Daraiseh, N. M., Brokamp, C., & Macaluso, M. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0339151 · Cited by 2
Do Women Executives Make Workplaces Safer? Evidence from Workplace Safety Violations
Chen, Y., Ofosu, E., O’Sullivan, D., Tang, S., & Zolotoy, L. (2025) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.70055
Sexual function and sexual quality of life Among female healthcare workers in a shift work system
Şenkul, T. K., & Şahi̇n, E. (2025) · Work · doi:10.1177/10519815251401871 · Cited by 8
Occupational injuries in Saudi Arabia during the period from 2016 to 2018
Almuhaidib, I. A., Saleh, M., Abdullah, F. M., & Ramadan, M. (2025) · Journal of Engineering Research · doi:10.1016/j.jer.2025.11.003 · Cited by 1
Can robot applications safeguard workers’ health? Evidence from China
Nie, A., Guo, X., & Feng, D. (2025) · Journal of Asian Economics · doi:10.1016/j.asieco.2025.102019 · Cited by 1
Hidden health costs of overtime culture: evidence from China
Zhang, Q., & Zhao, B. (2025) · China Economic Journal · doi:10.1080/17538963.2025.2535258 · Cited by 1
“For example, Dembe et al. (2005) find that working extended hours significantly increases the risk of occupational injury, particularly when employees work more than 12 hours per day or over 60 hours per week.”
Assessing truck driver fatigue perceptions: Insights from a South African road freight context
Mouton, A., Goedhals-Gerber, L. L., & Bod, A. D. (2025) · Case Studies on Transport Policy · doi:10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101526 · Cited by 2
Injury rates and work-related diseases following workforce reduction among South Korean on-site workers in basic local governments between 2016 and 2018
Suh, D., Kim, N., Jung, H.-N., Jeong, W., & Kim, H. (2024) · Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e17 · Cited by 1
“Long working hours are associated with increased work-related injuries 9,10 and a higher risk of motor vehicle accidents.”
The Relationship between Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Safety Awareness, and Safety Behaviors among Workers in E-Waste Recycling Shops in Thailand
Decharat, S., & Kiddee, P. (2024) · International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health · doi:10.3126/ijosh.v14i4.60642 · Cited by 4
Investigating farm work-related injury causes: A review
Gayakwad, K., Meena, S., Panwar, N. L., & Singh, M. (2024) · International journal of agriculture extension and social development · doi:10.33545/26180723.2024.v7.i9j.1131 · Cited by 1
Clinical Utility of Fourth Generation AlereTM HIV P24 Core Antigen Rapid Combo Test Panels for Improved Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Pre-Screened HIV 1 and 2 Antibody Sero-Negative Long-Distant Truck Drivers in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria
Ndeh, F. J., Akpan, I. S., Etenikang, A. S., Mba, O. J., Ofor, J. O.-O., Ojong, E. W., Joel, O. C., Chiazam, E. P., & Ekeagba, I. I. (2024) · International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) · doi:10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24aug703 · Cited by 1
Managing the four-day school week: Essential insights for primary school administrators
Zee, M., & Hanna, F. (2024) · Management in Education · doi:10.1177/08920206241273746 · Cited by 1
South to north investment linkages and decent work in Brazil
Wagner, P., & Raess, D. (2022) · Labour · doi:10.1111/labr.12239 · Cited by 1
“This is especially true when the pressure to overwork is not voluntary (Dembe et al., 2005), that is, when it comes from the employer.”
Background
The psychological responses of British amateur point-to-point jockeys to personal injury
Davies, E., & Steel, L. (2022) · Comparative Exercise Physiology: The International Journal of Exercise Physiology, Biomechanics and Nutrition · doi:10.3920/cep220028 · Cited by 1
Ambulatory Oncology Nurses Weigh in About 12-Hour Shifts
Jabaley, T., Bagley, J., Beardslee, B., & Hammer, M. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Administration · doi:10.1097/nna.0000000000001177 · Cited by 1
“A large US Bureau of Labor–sponsored, multioccupational health study showed a strong positive correlation between working 12 or more hours per day and the incidence of worker injury.(2) Researchers are challenged, however, to capture the complexity of factors impacting shift work outcomes in healthcare.”
Background
Contribution of Adam Smith into management thought
Waliczko, T., & Sołek-Borowska, C. (2022) · Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania · doi:10.37055/nsz/150307 · Cited by 1
Moderating role of work-family conflict in psychological intimidation and psychological well-being: A cross-sectional study of bank employees
Qayyum, S., Ahmad, R., & Tariq, S. (2022) · Journal of Public Value and Administrative Insight · doi:10.31580/jpvai.v5i2.2526 · Cited by 1
Key Stakeholder Perspectives on Obstacles to an Autism-Specific Medicaid Waiver Service Delivery Model
Holingue, C., Jang, Y.-S., Azad, G., & Landa, R. (2021) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12940 · Cited by 1
Health Care Industry: Contemporary Considerations
Emery, R., Charlton, M., Brown, B., & Patlovich, S. (2021) · Patty's Industrial Hygiene · doi:10.1002/0471435139.hyg120.pub2 · Cited by 1
The Impact of Long Working Hours on Cognitive Function: A Follow-Up Study with Gender Stratification1
Lee, S., Choi, J. Y., & Lee, W. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-201404 · Cited by 1
Unfallrisiko verschiedener Schichtsysteme – Simulation mit dem XIMES-Risikorechner
Arlinghaus, A., & Gärtner, J. (2020) · sozialpolitik.ch · doi:10.18753/2297-8224-169 · Cited by 1
“Die wöchentliche Arbeitszeit zeigt ebenfalls Zusammenhänge zum Unfallrisiko (Arlinghaus et al. 2012; Dembe et al. 2005; Folkard/Lombardi 2006), jedoch scheint hier eine Interaktion mit der Art und Länge der gearbeiteten Schichten vorzuliegen.”
Defying the Circadian Rhythm: Clustering Participant Telemetry in the UK Biobank DataPreprint
Počuča, N., Farrell, M., & McNicholas, P. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2011.08350 · Cited by 1
“Studies have shown that these lifestyles can have negative health eﬀects (Harrington, 2001; Dembe et al., 2005; Fan et al., 2020).”
Background
Routes and roots: factors that drive labour mobility in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Barrett, J. (2020) · Applied Mobilities · doi:10.1080/23800127.2020.1764255 · Cited by 1
“Weather, road conditions, fatigue, distance, and whether a carpool is involved all influence whether the job and the journey to work is worth the potential consequences (Dembe et al. 2005).”
Background
Complying With the First Law of Robotics: An Analysis of the Occupational Risks Associated With Work Directed by an Algorithm/Artificial IntelligencePreprint
Todolí-Signes, A. (2020) · Social Science Research Network · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3522406 · Cited by 1
“Fatigue, in turn, would result in a greater risk to safety at work by increasing the chance of accidents (Dembe, 2005).”
Background
The Safety Concerns of Night Shift Schedule: Implications for Family, Homes and Human Health
Fasanya, B. K., Pope-Ford, R., Shofoluwe, M., & Olaniyi, O. A. (2018) · Journal of Medical - Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.33425/2639-944x.1060 · Cited by 1
“[16] studied how night shift and extended working hours cause occupational injuries and illnesses.”
Background
Relationship Between Nicotine Dependency and Occupational Injury in a Japanese Large-Scale Manufacturing Enterprise: A Single-Center Study
Morita, Y., Ohta, M., Jiang, Y., Tanaka, H., & Yamato, H. (2018) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001466 · Cited by 1
Sleep and Fatigue in Nurses in Relation to Shift Work
Cekova, I., Stoyanova, R., Dimitrova, I., & Vangelova, K. K. (2018) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96089-0_21 · Cited by 3
Sleep and fatigue in hospital physicians in relation to shift work
Vangelova, K. K., Cekova, I., & Dimitrova, I. (2018) · Ukrainian Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.33573/ujoh2018.03.016 · Cited by 1
“Extended shifts have been associated with higher risk of accidents, more psychosocial complaints, more cardiovascular symptoms, higher risk for development of hypertension [1, 16, 17].”
Background
Determinant Factors of Work-Related Complaints
Sagita, Q. M., Setyaningsih, Y., & Sulistiyani, S. (2018) · International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) · doi:10.11591/ijphs.v7i1.9124 · Cited by 1
“From research on working adults in USA show that long working hours indirectly precipitate workplace accidents by inducing fatigue or stress in affected workers and overtime schedules had the greatest relative risk of occupational injury or illness, followed by schedules with extended (>12) hours per day and extended…”
Background
Le surinvestissement : une nouvelle maladie ?
Kovess–Masféty, V., & Saunder, L. (2017) · Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail/Archives des maladies professionnelles et de l'environnement · doi:10.1016/j.admp.2017.08.011
Non Standard Work Practices and Its Impact on Children Development, Family Functioning and Health and Safety Concerns in a 24/7 Economy
Pudaruth, S., Juwaheer, T. D., Nunkoo, R., & Vencatachellum, I. (2017) · Studies in Business and Economics · doi:10.1515/sbe-2017-0028 · Cited by 1
“…2005) and employees run higher risk of contracting musculoskeletal disorders, both acute and cumulative shoulder pain, back and neck pain, (Aiken et al., 2002; Dembe et al., 2005; Caruso et al., 2006; Gadrey et al., 2006; Trinkoff et al., 2006; Johnson and Lipscomb, 2006; Raediker et al., 2006).”
BackgroundInfluential
Productivity Signalling and Further Training. Evidence on Absence Behaviour, Presenteeism and Overtime Hours of German Employees
Brändle, T. (2015) · Journal of Contextual Economics – Schmollers Jahrbuch · doi:10.3790/schm.135.4.499 · Cited by 1
Schichtarbeit und Gesundheit in einem Großunternehmen der chemischen Industrie
Oberlinner, C., Lang, S., Nasterlack, M., & Yong, M. (2013) · Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1332953 · Cited by 1
Fatores que influenciam a prevalência de queixas osteomusculares em trabalhadores de diferentes setores de uma indústria
Harari, D. (2012) · doi:10.11606/d.5.2012.tde-06122012-172554 · Cited by 1
Windows, Light, Nature, and Color
Wener, R. E. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511979682.014 · Cited by 3
Ergonomic Considerations for Children's Pointing Device: A Review of Design Issues
Lai, H.-H., & Yang, S.-L. (2012) · Journal of Convergence Information Technology · doi:10.4156/jcit.vol7.issue6.12 · Cited by 1
“It also leads to work-related problems in the neck and upper limbs, such as the exstrophy of the fingers, excessive stretching of a tendon, carpal tunnel syndrome, and fibrosis of the neck or shoulder [24].”
Background
Travailler moins pour travailler plus longtemps
Cremer, H., Maldonado, D., Donder, P. D., & Pestieau, P. (2011) · doi:10.2307/41615482 · Cited by 1
Working time directive and its impact on training
Anantharachagan, A., & Ojha, K. (2011) · Obstetrics Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ogrm.2011.01.005 · Cited by 2
Factors Associated with Work-Related Injuries of Nurses in Small and Medium Sized Hospitals
Hwang, J.-I., & Hwang, E. (2010) · Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration · doi:10.11111/jkana.2010.16.3.306 · Cited by 1
“그리고 주당 근무시간이 많고(Dembe et al., 2005), 직무에 불만족할수록(Dembe et al., 2004; Zontek et al., 2009), 직무 스트레스가 높을수록(Jung et al., 2010) 업 무상 손상률이 높은 것으로 나타났다.”
Does Performance Pay Influence Hours of Work?
Green, C. P., & Heywood, J. (2022) · Social Science Research Network · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4188285 · Cited by 1
“Instead, long hours increase worker’s underlying risk of illness per hour worked (Dembe et al 2005).”
Background
Labor Law and Technological Challenges
Todolí-Signes, A. (2021) · Flexible Working Practices and Approaches · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-74128-0_13 · Cited by 1
International health and safety standards after Brexit
Moretta, Whyte, & O'neill (2021) · Institute of Employment Rights Journal · doi:10.13169/instemplrighj.4.0.0085 · Cited by 1
Menschengerechte Arbeitszeiten – Grundlagen, Kriterien und Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten
Brauner, C., & Tisch, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61524-9_13 · Cited by 3
Macroergonomic Effects on Manufacturing Systems
Realyvásquez-Vargas, A., Maldonado-Macías, A. A., & García-Alcaráz, J. L. (2017) · Management and industrial engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68684-4_6
Chapter 76 – Sleep Problems in First Responders and in Deployed Military Personnel
Vila, B., Samuels, C., & Wesensten, N. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-24288-2.00076-3 · Cited by 1
An Enterprise Decision Model for a Large Scale Assembly Operation
Thome, J., & Whitman, L. (2014) · doi:10.3182/20140824-6-za-1003.02311 · Cited by 1

Authors: Dembe, A. E., Erickson, J. B., Delbos, R. G., & Banks, S. M.
Affiliations: University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
Corresponding author: Dembe, A E
ORCID: Dembe, A E
Venue: Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Publisher: BMJ
Published: 2005-08-18
Volume: 62
Issue: 9
Pages: 588-597
ISSN: 0007-1072 (ISSN-L)
1351-0711
1470-7926
DOI: 10.1136/oem.2004.016667
PMC: PMC1741083
OpenAlex: W2111942718
Cited by: 788
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 30.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Occupational and Environmental Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (R01-OH07576)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces
Keywords: overtime, long working hours, occupational injuries, occupational diseases, work schedules, dose-response relationship, injury risk, commuting time, job redesign, occupational injury prevention
MeSH terms: Accidents, Occupational, Adult, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Male, Occupational Diseases, Time Factors, United States, Work Schedule Tolerance, Wounds and Injuries

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: new evidence from the United States

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Metadata

Record

About these checks