The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tuberculosis of the central nervous system
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Tuberculous involvement of the brain and spinal cord are common neurological disorders in developing countries and have recently shown a resurgence in developed ones. Tuberculous meningitis is an important manifestation and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid changes, and imaging characteristics. Bacteriological confirmation is not possible in all cases as serological tests do not have sufficient sensitivity and specificity. The polymerase chain reaction shows promise for the future. Appropriate chemotherapeutic agents should be administered as early as possible, although there is no unanimity concerning chemotherapeutic regimens or optimal duration of treatment. The patient's clinical stage at presentation is the most important prognostic factor. The role of corticosteroids is controversial but they should be administered to all patients presenting in stage III. Surgical procedures are directed at management of the hydrocephalus. Focal lesions, intracranial tuberculomas, and tuberculous abscesses, are usually located in cerebral or cerebellar hemispheres, uncommonly in brainstem and very rarely in spinal cord. They do not usually require surgical intervention and respond well to antituberculous treatment, along with corticosteroids.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis: Morbidity and Mortality of a Worldwide Epidemic
Raviglione, M. C. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520270054031 · Cited by 811
Treatment of Tuberculosis in Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Small, P. M., Schecter, G. F., Goodman, P. C., Sande, M. A., Chaisson, R. E., & Hopewell, P. C. (1991) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199101313240503 · Cited by 477
Tuberculous Meningitis in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Berenguer, J., Moreno, S., Laguna, F., Vicente, T., Adrados, M., Ortega, A., González-LaHoz, J., & Bouza, E. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199203053261004 · Cited by 432
Snider, D. E., & Roper, W. L. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199203053261011 · Cited by 382
Schoeman, J. F., Van Zyl, L. E., Laubscher, J. A., & Donald, P. R. (1997) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.99.2.226 · Cited by 300
Kennedy, D. H. (1979) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1979.03290290032021 · Cited by 294
Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection in developing countries
Harries, A. D. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90216-r · Cited by 268
PATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS IN NEUROTUBERCULOSIS
Dastur, D. K., Manghani, D. K., & Udani, P. M. (1995) · Radiologic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0033-8389(22)00616-9 · Cited by 253
MR IMAGING OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUBERCULOSIS
Jinkins, J. R., Gupta, R. K., Chang, K. H., & Rodríguez‐Carbajal, J. (1995) · Radiologic Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0033-8389(22)00618-2 · Cited by 178
Tuberculous meningitis in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection
Dubé, M. P., Holtom, P. D., & Larsen, R. A. (1992) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(92)90579-z · Cited by 168
Cited by
Miller, J. M., Binnicker, M. J., Campbell, S., Carroll, K. C., Chapin, K. C., Gilligan, P. H., Gonzalez, M. D., Jerris, R. C., Kehl, S. C., Patel, R., et al. (2018) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciy381 · Cited by 641
Baron, E. J., Miller, J. M., Weinstein, M. P., Richter, S. S., Gilligan, P. H., Thomson, R. B., Bourbeau, P., Carroll, K. C., Kehl, S. C., Dunne, W. M., et al. (2013) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cit278 · Cited by 592
Tuberculous meningitis: more questions, still too few answers
Thwaites, G. E., van Toorn, R., & Schoeman, J. (2013) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70168-6 · Cited by 482
Improving the Bacteriological Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis
Thwaites, G. E., Chau, T. T. H., & Farrar, J. J. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.42.1.378-379.2004 · Cited by 288
Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis
Nhu, N. T. Q., Heemskerk, D., Thu, D. D. A., Chau, T. T. H., Mai, N. T. H., Nghia, H. D. T., Loc, P. P., Ha, D. T. M., Merson, L., Thinh, T. T. V., et al. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01834-13 · Cited by 244
Metadata
- Authors
- Garg, R. K.
- Venue
- Postgraduate Medical Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1999-03-01
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 881
- Pages
- 133-140
- ISSN
- 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-0756
- OpenAlex
- W2016353926
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 4.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tuberculosis of the central nervous system. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1136/pgmj.75.881.133
- The paper
- Garg, R. K. (1999). Tuberculosis of the central nervous system. Postgraduate Medical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.75.881.133
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
