A Guide to Utilization of the Microbiology Laboratory for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases: 2013 Recommendations by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM)a
Open accessAbstract
The critical role of the microbiology laboratory in infectious disease diagnosis calls for a close, positive working relationship between the physician and the microbiologists who provide enormous value to the health care team. This document, developed by both laboratory and clinical experts, provides information on which tests are valuable and in which contexts, and on tests that add little or no value for diagnostic decisions. Sections are divided into anatomic systems, including Bloodstream Infections and Infections of the Cardiovascular System, Central Nervous System Infections, Ocular Infections, Soft Tissue Infections of the Head and Neck, Upper Respiratory Infections, Lower Respiratory Tract infections, Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Intraabdominal Infections, Bone and Joint Infections, Urinary Tract Infections, Genital Infections, and Skin and Soft Tissue Infections; or into etiologic agent groups, including Tickborne Infections, Viral Syndromes, and Blood and Tissue Parasite Infections. Each section contains introductory concepts, a summary of key points, and detailed tables that list suspected agents; the most reliable tests to order; the samples (and volumes) to collect in order of preference; specimen transport devices, procedures, times, and temperatures; and detailed notes on specific issues regarding the test methods, such as when tests are likely to require a specialized laboratory or have prolonged turnaround times. There is redundancy among the tables and sections, as many agents and assay choices overlap. The document is intended to serve as a reference to guide physicians in choosing tests that will aid them to diagnose infectious diseases in their patients.
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Some laboratory-based diagnostic techniques for fastidious pathogens are not available in most clinical laboratories and require considerable time if sent to a referral laboratory.
“Moreover, some of the laboratory-based diagnostic techniques to define fastidious or unusual pathogens are not available in most clinical laboratories and require considerable time for completion of testing if specimens are sent to a referral laboratory.233”
Additional laboratory screening is required to identify causes of culture-negative IE.
“Additional laboratory screening is required to identify the causes of culture-negative IE. 233”
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Research works printed but not linked: 10
- [1]Baron EJ Weinstein MP Dunne WMJ Yagupsky P Welch DF Wilson DM Cumitech 1C, blood cultures IV 2005 Washington, DC ASM Press
- [28]Durland ML Periocular infection 2005 6th ed Philadelphia Elsevier Churchill Livingstone
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- Authors
- Baron, E. J., Miller, J. M., Weinstein, M. P., Richter, S. S., Gilligan, P. H., Thomson, R. B., Bourbeau, P., Carroll, K. C., Kehl, S. C., Dunne, W. M., Robinson-Dunn, B., Schwartzman, J. D., Chapin, K. C., Snyder, J. W., Forbes, B. A., Patel, R., Rosenblatt, J. E., & Pritt, B. S.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Microbiology Technical Services, LLC, Dunwoody, Georgia
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Endeavor Health (US)
- Scientific Affairs, BD Diagnostics, Sparks, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Beaumont Health (US)
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Brown University (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baron, Ellen Jo
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-08-15
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e22-e121
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- PMC
- PMC3719886
- OpenAlex
- W2103338644
- Semantic Scholar
- a5a2d4d4d106fb3cbf2ea0ae2e09909bf1342c82
- Cited by
- 592
- References
- 259
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 69 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 35.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Infectious Diseases Society of America
- Beaumont Health System
- Alere
- Dartmouth College
- BioFire Diagnostics
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Keywords
- infectious disease diagnosis, diagnostic test selection, sample collection, sample transport, turnaround time, bloodstream infection, central nervous system infection, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infections, viral syndrome, parasitic infection, cardiovascular infections, gastrointestinal infections, bone and joint infections
- MeSH terms
- Communicable Diseases, Humans, United States, Clinical Laboratory Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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