A behavioural intervention to reduce persistence of bacterial vaginosis among women who report sex with women: results of a randomised trial.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common in lesbians, and treatment fails in up to 28%. Risks include sexual behaviours that transmit vaginal fluid. The authors measured efficacy of a behavioural intervention to reduce sexual transfer of vaginal fluid between female sex partners in reducing BV persistence. METHODS: Women aged 16-35 years with BV who reported sex with women (prior year) were eligible. Participants were randomised to intervention (motivational interviewing designed to reduce sharing of vaginal fluid on hands or sex toys post-treatment, by provision of condoms, gloves and water-based lubricant) or control (general STI education) arms. All were treated with vaginal metronidazole and underwent computer-assisted self-interview to ascertain sexual behaviours, with test-of-cure at 30 days. RESULTS: Of 129 women with BV, 108 (84%) were eligible; 89 (69%) agreed to enrol. 43 were randomised to control and 46 to intervention; 81 (91%) returned for test-of-cure. BV persisted in 12 (27.9%) of 43 women in intervention and 8 (21.1%) of 38 women in control arms (p1/40.6). Digital-vaginal sex was common post-treatment (50% intervention and 68% control); women randomised to the intervention were less likely to report receptive digital-vaginal sex without gloves than control (31% vs 61%; p1/40.01), without reported lower frequency of other sexual practices. Shared vaginal use of sex toys was infrequent. CONCLUSIONS: Although the intervention effected a significant increase in glove use during digital-vaginal sex post-BV treatment, this was not associated with reduction in BV persistence. Shared use of vaginal sex toys was infrequent, suggesting that other mechanisms promote BV in lesbians.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Results of one randomized trial used a behavioral intervention to reduce persistent BV among WSW through reduced sharing of vaginal fluid on hands or sex toys.
“Results of one randomized trial used a behavioral intervention to reduce persistent BV among WSW through reduced sharing of vaginal fluid on hands or sex toys.”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [324]
However, these women had no reduction in persistent BV at 1 month posttreatment and no reduction in incident episodes of recurrent BV.
“However, these women had no reduction in persistent BV at 1 month posttreatment and no reduction in incident episodes of recurrent BV (324).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [324]
Women randomly assigned to the intervention were 50% less likely to report receptive digital-vaginal contact without gloves than control subjects, and they reported sharing sex toys infrequently.
“Women randomly assigned to the intervention were 50% less likely to report receptive digital-vaginal contact without gloves than control subjects, and they reported sharing sex toys infrequently.”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [324]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Nugent, R. P., Krohn, M. A., & Hillier, S. L. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.29.2.297-301.1991 · Cited by 3,314 · see citing works
Amsel, R., Totten, P. A., Spiegel, C. A., Chen, K. C. S., Eschenbach, D. A., & Holmes, K. K. (1983) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(83)91112-9 · Cited by 2,388 · see citing works
Turner, C. F., Ku, L. C., Rogers, S., Lindberg, L., Pleck, J. H., & Sonenstein, F. L. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5365.867 · Cited by 2,048 · see citing works
Bradshaw, C. S., Morton, A. N., Hocking, J. S., Garland, S. M., Morris, M. B., Moss, L. M., Horvath, L. B., Kuzevska, I., & Fairley, C. K. (2006) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/503780 · Cited by 793 · see citing works
Koumans, E. H., Sternberg, M., Bruce, C., McQuillan, G., Kendrick, J., Sutton, M., & Markowitz, L. E. (2007) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e318074e565 · Cited by 761 · see citing works
Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery: A meta-analysis
Leitich, H., Bodner‐Adler, B., Brunbauer, M., Kaider, A., Egarter, C., & Husslein, P. W. (2003) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1067/mob.2003.339 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
The Health Belief Model and HIV Risk Behavior Change
Rosenstock, I. M., Strecher, V. J., & Becker, M. H. (1994) · AIDS prevention and mental health · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1193-3_2 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: A meta-analysis of published studies
Atashili, J., Poole, C., Ndumbe, P. M., Adimora, A. A., & Smith, J. S. (2008) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e3283021a37 · Cited by 706 · see citing works
Preventing AIDS : theories and methods of behavioral interventions
DiClemente, R. J., & Peterson, J. L. (1994) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1193-3 · Cited by 518 · see citing works
Kumar, P., Griffen, A. L., Moeschberger, M. L., & Leys, E. J. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.43.8.3944-3955.2005 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Adherent Biofilms in Bacterial Vaginosis
Swidsinski, A. V., Mendling, W., Loening-Baucke, V. A., Ladhoff, A., Swidsinski, S., Hale, L. P., & Lochs, H. H. (2005) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000183594.45524.d2 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Temporal Variability of Human Vaginal Bacteria and Relationship with Bacterial Vaginosis
Srinivasan, S., Liu, C., Mitchell, C. M., Fiedler, T. L., Thomas, K. K., Agnew, K. J., Marrazzo, J. M., & Fredricks, D. N. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010197 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Self-citationSobel, J. D., Ferris, D. G., Schwebke, J. R., Nyirjesy, P., Wiesenfeld, H. C., Peipert, J. F., Soper, D. E., Ohmit, S. E., & Hillier, S. L. (2006) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2005.11.041 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Characterization of vaginal flora and bacterial vaginosis in women who have sex with women.
Marrazzo, J. M., Koutsky, L. A., Eschenbach, D. A., Agnew, K., Stine, K., & Hillier, S. L. (2002) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/339884 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Self-citationDiagnostic Criteria and Microbial and Epidemiologic Associations
Amsel, R., Totten, P. A., Spiegel, C. A., Chen, K. C. S., & Holmes, K. K. (1983) · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Application of Computer-assisted Interviews to Sexual Behavior Research
KISSINGER, P. J., Rice, J. C., Farley, T., Trim, S., Jewitt, K., Margavio, V., & Martin, D. H. (1999) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009739 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Sexually transmitted infections and risk behaviours in women who have sex with women.
Fethers, K. (2000) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.76.5.345 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Cherpes, T. L., Hillier, S. L., Meyn, L. A., Busch, J. L., & Krohn, M. A. (2008) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e318156a5d0 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Gray, R. H., Kigozi, G., Serwadda, D., Makumbi, F., Nalugoda, F., Watya, S., Moulton, L., Chen, M. Z., Sewankambo, N. K., Kiwanuka, N., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2008.07.069 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Marrazzo, J. M., Thomas, K. K., Fiedler, T. L., Ringwood, K., & Fredricks, D. N. (2008) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-149-1-200807010-00006 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Self-citationRapid fluctuation of the vaginal microbiota measured by Gram stain analysis
Brotman, R. M., Ravel, J., Cone, R. A., & Zenilman, J. M. (2010) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.2009.040592 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Early Sexual Experiences and Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis
Fethers, K. A., Fairley, C. K., Morton, A., Hocking, J. S., Hopkins, C., Kennedy, L. J., Fehler, G., & Bradshaw, C. S. (2009) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/648092 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Marrazzo, J. M., Coffey, P. S., & Bingham, A. (2005) · PubMed · doi:10.1363/psrh.37.006.05 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationBacterial Vaginosis: Identifying Research Gaps Proceedings of a Workshop Sponsored by DHHS/NIH/NIAID
Marrazzo, J. M., Martin, D. H., Watts, D. H., Schulte, J., Sobel, J. D., Hillier, S. L., Deal, C. D., & Fredricks, D. N. (2010) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e3181fbbc95 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationThe relationship between periodontal disease, bacterial vaginosis, and preterm birth
Pretorius, C., Jagatt, A., & Lamont, R. (2007) · Journal of Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1515/jpm.2007.039 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Risks for Acquisition of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Women Who Report Sex with Women: A Cohort Study
Marrazzo, J. M., Thomas, K. K., Fiedler, T. L., Ringwood, K., & Fredricks, D. N. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011139 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationPrevalence and Risks for Bacterial Vaginosis in Women Who Have Sex With Women
Marrazzo, J. M., Thomas, K. K., Agnew, K. J., & Ringwood, K. (2010) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e3181ca3cac · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationBacterial Vaginosis in Lesbians and Bisexual Women
Bailey, J., Farquhar, C., & Owen, C. (2004) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000143093.70899.68 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Association between periodontal disease, bacterial vaginosis, and sexual risk behaviours
Zabor, E. C., Klebanoff, M. A., Yu, K., Zhang, J., Nansel, T. R., Andrews, W. J., Schwebke, J. R., & Jeffcoat, M. K. (2010) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01593.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bacterial Vaginosis and Treatment of Sexual Partners
Hamrick, M. W. (2000) · Archives of Family Medicine · doi:10.1001/archfami.9.7.647 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021
Workowski, K. A., Bachmann, L. H., Chan, P. A., Johnston, C. M., Muzny, C. A., Park, I., Reno, H., Zenilman, J. M., & Bolan, G. A. (2021) · MMWR. Recommendations and Reports · doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1 · Cited by 2,759 · see citing works
Jones, C. J., Smith, H., & Llewellyn, C. (2014) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2013.802623 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Bradshaw, C. S., Walker, S. M., Vodstrcil, L. A., Bilardi, J. E., Law, M., Hocking, J. S., Fethers, K. A., Fehler, G., Petersen, S., Tabrizi, S. N., et al. (2014) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jit664 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
US Preventive Services Task Force, Krist, A. H., Davidson, K. W., Mangione, C. M., Barry, M. J., Cabana, M., Caughey, A. B., Donahue, K., Doubeni, C. A., Epling, J. W., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13095 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The role of behavioral counseling in sexually transmitted disease prevention program settings.
Brookmeyer, K. A., Hogben, M., & Kinsey, J. (2016) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0000000000000327 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Marrazzo, J. M., Thomas, K. K., & Ringwood, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Marrazzo, J. M.
- Venue
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2011-06-08
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 399-405
- ISSN
- 0007-134X (ISSN-L)
- 1368-4973
- PMC
- PMC3291171
- OpenAlex
- W2153574675
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Sexually Transmitted Infections (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI052228)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Keywords
- bacterial vaginosis, lesbians, condom use, glove use, motivational interviewing, behavioral interventions, metronidazole treatment, STD prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Behavior Therapy, Chronic Disease, Counseling, Female, Humans, Patient Education as Topic, Prospective Studies, Vaginosis, Bacterial, Treatment Outcome, Homosexuality, Female, Safe Sex, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
