Parental smoking and childhood asthma: longitudinal and case-control studies

Abstract

1036 Objectives The objective of this study was to develop a mSiO2/PSS/PDDA@BSA-Gd2O3-AS1411 molecular magnetic resonance imaging (mMRI) probe, which could recognize ccRCC sensitively and specifically. Methods For the fabrication of mMRI nanoprobes, BSA-Gd2O3 NPs were employed as MRI contrast agents and nanocarriers as well as AS1411 aptamer as target molecule. BSA-Gd2O3 NPs were assemblied onto mSiO2 with the help of anionic polyelectrolyte PSS and cationic polyelectrolyte PDDA layer by layer. FT-IR spectra and Zeta potential determination were used to monitor such assembly. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay on a 786-0 cell line and a normal human umbilical vein endothelial cell line. For MRI diagnosis, 786-0 cells were incubated with PBS, mSiO2/PSS/PDDA@BSA-Gd2O3 and mSiO2/PSS/PDDA@BSA-Gd2O3-AS1411, respectively. NIH-3T3 cells were treated the same as control. The MR imaging was performed using 3.0-Tesla MRI. Results The successful assembly of this nanoprobe was confirmed by transmission electron microscopic (TEM), FT-IR spectroscopy and Zeta- potential analysis. The presence of PDDA and PSS could increase loading amount of BSA-Gd2O3 on mSiO2. The MTT assay showed no significant cytotoxicity on both 786-0 renal carcinoma cells and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells. T1-weighted and T1-map imagings demonstrated that AS1411-Gd2O3@PDDA/PSS/mSiO2 nanoprobes could specifically targeted 786-0 cell lines. Conclusions In this study, mSiO2/PSS/PDDA@BSA-Gd2O3-AS1411 nanocomplex were prepared for the sensitive and specific mMRI probes of ccRCC. With our fabricated nanoprobes, ccRCC could be recognized specifically by MRI in vitro. Research Support Figure (a) Schematic illustration of the fabrication process of AS1411-Gd2O3@PDDA/PSS/mSiO2 nanoprobes. (b) T1-weighted and T1-map image of double distilled water, supernatant of Gd2O3@ mSiO2 nanoparticles, Gd2O3@ mSiO2 nanoparticles, Gd2O3@PDDA/PSS/mSiO2 nanoparticles with different concentrations at 3.0 T.(c) FT-IR spectra of AS1411/Gd2O3@PSS/PDDA/mSiO2 nanoprobes (red line), Gd2O3@PSS/PDDA/mSiO2 nanoparticles (black line), and AS1411 (red line). (d) T1-weighted(coronal, axial) and T1-map(axial) MR images of 786-0 renal carcinoma cells treated with AS1411-Gd2O3@PDDA/PSS/mSiO2 nanoprobe(200, 500, 1000µg/mL ), Gd2O3@PDDA/PSS/mSiO2 nanoparticles(200, 500, 1000µg/mL).