Cited by 141Smoking Behavior and CessationPrenatal Substance Exposure EffectsSchool Health and Nursing Education

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Secondhand smoke exposure at home among one billion children in 21 countries: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)

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Mbulo, Lazarous, Palipudi, Krishna Mohan, Andes, Linda, Morton, Jeremy, Bashir, Rizwan, Fouad, Heba, Ramanandraibe, Nivo, Caixeta, Roberta, Dias, Rula Cavaco, Wijnhoven, Trudy M A, Kashiwabara, Mina, Sinha, Dhirendra N, Tursan d'Espaignet, Edouard, on behalf of the GATS Collaborative Group·2016·Tobacco Control

DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052693PMC PMC5488799

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Children are vulnerable to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure because of limited control over their indoor environment. Homes remain the major place where children may be exposed to SHS. Our study examines the magnitude, patterns and determinants of SHS exposure in the home among children in 21 countries (19 low-income and middle-income countries and 2 high-income countries). METHODS: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data, a household survey of people 15 years of age or older. Data collected during 2009-2013 were analysed to estimate the proportion of children exposed to SHS in the home. GATS estimates and 2012 United Nations population projections for 2015 were also used to estimate the number of children exposed to SHS in the home. RESULTS: The proportion of children younger than 15 years of age exposed to SHS in the home ranged from 4.5% (Panama) to 79.0% (Indonesia). Of the approximately one billion children younger than 15 years of age living in the 21 countries under study, an estimated 507.74 million were exposed to SHS in the home. China, India, Bangladesh, Indonesia and the Philippines accounted for almost 84.6% of the children exposed to SHS. The prevalence of SHS exposure was higher in countries with higher adult smoking rates and was also higher in rural areas than in urban areas, in most countries. CONCLUSIONS: A large number of children were exposed to SHS in the home. Encouraging of voluntary smoke-free rules in homes and cessation in adults has the potential to reduce SHS exposure among children and prevent SHS-related diseases and deaths.

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Authors: Mbulo, L., Palipudi, K. M., Andes, L., Morton, J., Bashir, R., Fouad, H., Ramanandraibe, N., Caixeta, R., Dias, R. C., Wijnhoven, T. M. A., Kashiwabara, M., Sinha, D. N., Tursan d'Espaignet, E., & on behalf of the GATS Collaborative Group
Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EG)
World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (CG)
World Health Organization Regional Office for the Americas (US)
World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (DK)
World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (PH)
World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia (IN)
Corresponding author: Mbulo, Lazarous
ORCID: Mbulo, Lazarous
Morton, Jeremy
Bashir, Rizwan
Fouad, Heba
Caixeta, Roberta
Sinha, Dhirendra N
Venue: Tobacco Control
Publisher: BMJ
Published: 2016-02-11
Volume: 25
Issue: e2
Pages: e95-e100
ISSN: 0964-4563 (ISSN-L)
1468-3318
DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052693
PMC: PMC5488799
OpenAlex: W2318208204
Cited by: 141
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 11
FWCI: 9.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Locations: Tobacco Control (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders: World Health Organization
National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
Keywords: passive smoking, children, family environment, indoor air pollution, prevalence estimates, urban-rural differences, low- and middle-income countries
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Developing Countries, Environmental Exposure, Health Surveys, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Global Health, Prevalence, Air Pollution, Indoor, Developed Countries

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Secondhand smoke exposure at home among one billion children in 21 countries: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)

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