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Cited by 100Gun Ownership and Violence ResearchSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesTrauma and Emergency Care Studies

Hospital-based violence intervention programs targeting adult populations: an Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma evidence-based review

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Affinati, Steven, Patton, Desmond, Hansen, Luke, Ranney, Megan, Christmas, A Britton, Violano, Pina, Sodhi, Aparna, Robinson, Bryce +2 more·2016·Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open
DOI 10.1136/tsaco-2016-000024PMC PMC5891700
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Abstract

Background: Violent injury and reinjury take a devastating toll on distressed communities. Many trauma centers have created hospital-based violent injury prevention programs (HVIP) to address psychosocial, educational, and mental health needs of injured patients that may contribute to reinjury. Objectives: To evaluate the overall effectiveness of HVIPs for violent injury prevention. We performed an evidence-based review to answer the following population, intervention, comparator, outcomes (PICO) question: Are HVIPs attending to adult patients (age 18+) treated for intentional injury more effective than the usual care at preventing: intentional violent reinjury and/or death; arrest and/or incarceration; substance abuse and/or mental issues; job and/or school attainment? Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were queried for salient articles by a professional librarian on two separate occasions, and related articles were identified from references. Study eligibility criteria, participants, interventions: Eligible studies examined adult patients treated for intentional injury in a hospital-based violence prevention program compared to a control group. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology to assess the breadth and quality of the evidence. Results: 71 articles were identified. After discarding duplicates, reviews, and those articles that did not address our PICO questions, we ultimately reviewed 10 articles. We found insufficient evidence to recommend adult-focused HVIP interventions. Limitations: There was a relative paucity of data, and available studies were limited by self-selection bias and small sample sizes. Conclusions: We make no recommendation with respect to adult-focused HVIP interventions.

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  • The currently available evidence suggests that hospital-based violence intervention programs do not prevent recidivism and subsequent violence.

    “While hospital-based violence intervention programs are often suggested as interventions to prevent recidivism and subsequent violence [17], the currently available evidence suggests otherwise [18, 19].”

    From Firearm injuries in Missouri (2023) · cites this paper as [19]

    The Results report that four studies found no effect and that no study demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in violent reinjury. But three studies suggested a positive effect, and the Conclusions say the weak aggregate evidence permits neither validation nor invalidation of HVIP efficacy. The review therefore does not support the broader inference that the available evidence suggests these programs do not prevent recidivism. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Affinati, S., Patton, D., Hansen, L., Ranney, M., Christmas, A. B., Violano, P., Sodhi, A., Robinson, B., Crandall, M., & from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma Injury Control and Violence Prevention Section and Guidelines Section
Affiliations
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Brown University (US)
  • Carolinas Medical Center (US)
  • Yale New Haven Hospital (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author
Crandall, Marie
ORCID
Venue
Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2016-09
Volume
1
Issue
1
Pages
e000024
ISSN
2397-5776 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1136/tsaco-2016-000024
PMC
PMC5891700
OpenAlex
W2529484576
Cited by
100
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3
FWCI
3.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
Keywords
hospital-based violence intervention programs, intentional injury, reinjury prevention, adult patients, trauma centers, substance abuse, mental health, program effectiveness

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