Validation of the Hexoskin wearable vest during lying, sitting, standing, and walking activities
Abstract
We tested the validity of the Hexoskin wearable vest to monitor heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR), tidal volume (VT), minute ventilation, and hip motion intensity (HMI) in comparison with laboratory standard devices during lying, sitting, standing, and walking. Twenty healthy young volunteers participated in this study. First, participants walked 6 min on a treadmill at speeds of 1, 3, and 4.5 km/h followed by increasing treadmill grades until 80% of their predicted maximal heart rate. Second, lying, sitting, and standing tasks were performed (5 min each) followed by 6 min of treadmill walking at 80% of their ventilatory threshold. Analysis of each individual's mean values under each resting or exercise condition by the 2 measurement systems revealed low coefficient of variation and high intraclass correlation values for HR, BR, and HMI. The Bland-Altman results from HR, BR, and HMI indicated no deviation of the mean value from zero and relatively small variability about the mean. VT and minute ventilation were provided in arbitrary units by the Hexoskin device; however, relative magnitude of change from Hexoskin closely tracked the laboratory standard method. Hexoskin presented low variability, good agreement, and consistency. The Hexoskin wearable vest was a valid and consistent tool to monitor activities typical of daily living such as different body positions (lying, sitting, and standing) and various walking speeds.
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The Hexoskin device demonstrates very high agreement with respiration rate measured by turbine respirometer (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.95; coefficient of variation <1.4%).
“very high agreement with respiration rate measured by turbine respirometer (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.95; coefficient of variation <1.4%)”
From A Critical Review of Consumer Wearables, Mobile Applications, and Equipment for Providing Biofeedback, Monitoring Stress, and Sleep in Physically Active Populations (2018) · cites this paper as Villar et al., 2015
The Hexoskin garment has been independently validated.
“It has been independently validated (Villar et al., 2015).”
From A Critical Review of Consumer Wearables, Mobile Applications, and Equipment for Providing Biofeedback, Monitoring Stress, and Sleep in Physically Active Populations (2018) · cites this paper as Villar et al., 2015
The Hexoskin device demonstrates very high agreement with heart rate measured by ECG (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.95; coefficient of variation <0.8%).
“The device demonstrates very high agreement with heart rate measured by ECG (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.95; coefficient of variation <0.8%)”
From A Critical Review of Consumer Wearables, Mobile Applications, and Equipment for Providing Biofeedback, Monitoring Stress, and Sleep in Physically Active Populations (2018) · cites this paper as Villar et al., 2015
The Hexoskin device demonstrates moderate to very high agreement with hip motion intensity measured using a separate accelerometer placed on the hip (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.80 to 0.96; coefficient of variation <6.4%).
“moderate to very high agreement with hip motion intensity measured using a separate accelerometer placed on the hip (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.80 to 0.96; coefficient of variation <6.4%)”
From A Critical Review of Consumer Wearables, Mobile Applications, and Equipment for Providing Biofeedback, Monitoring Stress, and Sleep in Physically Active Populations (2018) · cites this paper as Villar et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Villar, R., Beltrame, T., & Hughson, R. L.
- Affiliations
- Ministry of Education (BR)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (BR)
- University of Waterloo (CA)
- Venue
- Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2015-10
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1019-1024
- ISSN
- 1715-5312 (ISSN-L)
- 1715-5320
- OpenAlex
- W1845533652
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 5.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Accelerated Innovation Research Initiative Turning Top Science and Ideas into High-Impact Values
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
- Keywords
- heart rate monitoring, respiratory rate, tidal volume, minute ventilation, device validation, treadmill walking, posture, exercise intensity, ventilatory threshold, wearable sensors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Clothing, Equipment Design, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Posture, Reference Values, Tidal Volume, Reproducibility of Results, Walking, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Respiratory Rate, Accelerometry
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