Lithoprobe line 55: integration of out-of-plane seismic results with surface structure, metamorphism, and geochronology, and the tectonic evolution of the eastern Grenville Province
Abstract
Lithoprobe line 55, in the Grenville Province of eastern Quebec, provides unusually good control on the three-dimensional (3-D) geometry and structural relationships among the major lithological units there. Archean basement underlies the exposed Proterozoic rocks, along the entire seismic line, and there is a lateral ramp in this basement immediately behind a lobate stack of thrust slices of high-pressure metamorphic rocks comprising the Manicouagan Imbricate Zone (MIZ). Integration of the 3-D geometry with P-T and geochronological data allows derivation of a tectonic model for the region. The MIZ was buried to depths >60 km at 1050 Ma. Preservation of its high-pressure assemblages, and the absence of metamorphism at 990 Ma, which is characteristic of lower pressure metamorphic rocks that tectonically overlie them, indicates the MIZ rocks were rapidly unroofed, early in the tectonic history. There were two discrete pulses of crustal thickening during the Grenvillian Orogeny in this region. The first, involving imbrication of Labradorian and Pinwarian rocks that comprised part of southeast Laurentia, culminated in the Ottawan pulse at ca. 1050 Ma, and produced the high-pressure metamorphism of the MIZ. Its effects were rapidly reversed, with extrusion of the MIZ rocks to shallow crustal levels at ca. 1020 Ma. The crust was again thickened, with the Moho subsiding to depths >60 km, in the Rigolet pulse at ca. 990 Ma. The site of extrusion of the MIZ was probably controlled by the subsurface lateral ramp. High geothermal gradients indicate that extrusion may have been aided by lithospheric delamination in the crustal-thickening zone.
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Lelukuau terrane is overlain by Tshenukutish terrane along a southeast-dipping normal-sense shear zone.
“It is overlain by Tshenukutish terrane along a southeast-dipping normal-sense shear zone (Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
Lelukuau and Tshenukutish terranes, located on the north shore of Manicouagan Reservoir, comprise the Manicouagan Imbricate zone, and its mapped extension into the southern part of the reservoir is described by Eaton et al. (1995) and Hynes et al. (2000).
“These terranes, located on the north shore of Manicouagan Reservoir, comprise the Manicouagan Imbricate zone (Indares et al. 1998, 2000), and its mapped extension into the southern part of the reservoir is described by Eaton et al. (1995) and Hynes et al. (2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. (2000)
In cross-section D, the thrust-sense Highway shear zone carries rocks in its hanging wall that were metamorphosed at c. 1011-989 Ma.
“In cross-section D, the thrust-sense Highway shear zone carries rocks in its hanging wall that were metamorphosed at c45 1011-989 Ma (Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
At depth, the Grenville Front is a listric structure that soles out in the crust-mantle boundary.
“At depth, it is a listric structure that soles out in the crust-mantle boundary (Hynes et al. 2000; White et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
Hart Jaune and Berthé terranes together comprise a north-vergent, fold-thrust stack, with the Berthé anorthosite occupying the core of a km-scale sheath fold in the centre of the stack.
“Hart Jaune and Berthé terranes together comprise a north-vergent, fold-thrust stack, with the Berthé anorthosite occupying the core of a km-scale sheath fold in the centre of the stack (Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
Hart Jaune terrane consists predominantly of gneisses that preserve evidence for two granulite-facies metamorphic events at 1470 Ma and 989 Ma (Pinwarian and Rigolet orogenies, respectively).
“Hart Jaune terrane consists predominantly of gneisses that preserve evidence for two granulite-facies metamorphic events at 1470 Ma and 989 Ma (Pinwarian and Rigolet orogenies, respectively; Scott and Hynes 1994; Hynes and St-Jean 1997; Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
Coeval normal faulting along the Upper Allochthon detachment above the HP belt, leading to unroofing by tectonic extrusion, resulted in widespread preservation of the HP mineralogy and texture.
“Coeval normal faulting along the Upper Allochthon detachment above the HP belt, leading to unroofing by tectonic extrusion, resulted in widespread preservation of the HP mineralogy and texture (Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
Hynes et al. (2000) showed that the southwesterly continuation of the Hart Jaune shear zone (the Highway shear zone) was imaged in the Lithoprobe deep seismic reflection experiment and could be traced to at least 10 km below the present erosion surface.
“Hynes et al. (2000) showed that its southwesterly continuation (known as Highway shear zone) was imaged in the Lithoprobe deep seismic reflection experiment and could be traced to at least 10 km below the present erosion surface.”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. (2000)
The Archean craton comprised a mechanically competent buttress or ramp that focused extrusion of the HP rocks above it in the central Grenville Province.
“The restriction of Archean rocks to the footwall of the HP belt in the central Grenville Province is significant and is compatible with the inference that the Archean craton comprised a mechanically competent buttress or ramp that focused extrusion of the HP rocks above it (e.g., Hynes and Eaton 1999; Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
In the central Grenville Province, extension took place above the HP belt.
“extension took place above the HP belt”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
In the central Grenville Province, extension took place above the HP belt and was coeval with thrust transport of the HP belt onto the footwall ramp, leading to unroofing by tectonic extrusion.
“In contrast, in the central Grenville Province extension took place above the HP belt and was coeval with thrust transport of the HP belt onto the footwall ramp, leading to unroofing by tectonic extrusion (Hynes et al. 2000).”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
In the central Grenville Province, thrusting and extensional shearing were approximately coeval.
“in the central Grenville Province, thrusting and extensional shearing were approximately coeval”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
Extension above the HP belt in the central Grenville Province led to tectonic extrusion of the HP rocks.
“leading to tectonic extrusion of the HP rocks (Hynes et al. 2000)”
From The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation (2002) · cites this paper as Hynes et al. 2000
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The High Pressure belt in the Grenville Province: architecture, timing, and exhumation
Rivers, T., Ketchum, J., Indares, A., & Hynes, A. (2002) · Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1139/e02-025 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Hynes, A., Indares, A., Rivers, T., & Gobeil, A.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Memorial University of Newfoundland (CA)
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2000-04-02
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 341-358
- ISSN
- 0008-4077 (ISSN-L)
- 1480-3313
- OpenAlex
- W2013608438
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological Studies and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Keywords
- Grenville Province, high-pressure metamorphism, Grenville orogeny, crustal thickening, thrust slices, imbrication, lateral ramps, unroofing, lithospheric delamination, geothermal gradient, Archean basement
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