Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
Storage of Frozen Plaice Fillets
Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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Chemical Analysis
Daniels, L., Hanson, R. S., & Phillips, J. A. (2014) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555817497.ch18 · Cited by 5
Impact of a total mixed ration or pasture/pasture silage-based feeding strategy in the initial stages of lactation of spring-calving dairy cows on milk production, composition and selected milk processability parameters
McKay, Z. C., Mulligan, F. J., Brady, E. L., O’Sullivan, M., Rajauria, G., Lynch, M. B., O’Callaghan, T. F., & Pierce, K. M. (2022) · Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research · doi:10.15212/ijafr-2022-0003 · Cited by 4
Stratum corneum ceramide profiles in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo: characterization of the α-hydroxy double esterified ceramides
Bakar, J., Michael‐Jubeli, R., Libong, D., Baillet‐Guffroy, A., & Tfayli, A. M. (2022) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-022-04011-9 · Cited by 5
“From RHE (in vitro): Total lipids of RHE samples were extracted by the modified methods of Folch [24, 25] and Bligh and Dyer [26] as described in our latest work [12].”
MethodInfluential
Maritimibacter dapengensis sp. nov., a poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates-producing bacterium isolated from sediment of the Dapeng peninsula (Guangdong, China)
Yu, S.-Y., Zheng, W., & Huang, Y. (2022) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005303 · Cited by 5
Multi-Biomarker Analysis for Identifying Organic Matter Sources in Small Mountainous River Watersheds: A Case Study of the Yuba River Watershed
Pondell, C. R., & Canuel, E. A. (2022) · San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science · doi:10.15447/sfews.2022v20iss1art5 · Cited by 5
Phosphorylation of cPLA2α at Ser505 Is Necessary for Its Translocation to PtdInsP2-Enriched Membranes
Casas, J., Balsinde, J., & Balboa, M. A. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27072347 · Cited by 5
“Total lipids from supernatants and cells were extracted according to Bligh and Dyer [40].”
Method
Deproteinization of Moroccan Sardine Waste (Sardina pilchardus): A Pilot-Scale Study
(2022) · Letters in Applied NanoBioScience · doi:10.33263/lianbs121.009 · Cited by 5
“The dry weight and ash were determined according to AOAC methods [9], total lipids were performed according to the method of Bligt and Dyer [10], and total crude protein was determined by estimating its total nitrogen content [11].”
Method
Lipids of the meristems of the main coniferous edificators from central siberia under low-temperature adaptation: 1. The characteristics of the fatty acid composition of phospholipids from winter meristems of Larix sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovata L., and Pinus sylvestris L.
Алаудинова, Е. В., & Миронов, П. В. (2010) · Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1134/s1068162010070137 · Cited by 5
Enhancing harvest of biodiesel-promising microalgae using Daphnia domesticated by amino acids
Yin, S., Jin, W., Zhou, X., Han, W., Gao, S.-H., Chen, C., Ding, W., He, Z., Chen, Y., & Jiang, G. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.113465 · Cited by 5
Increasing lipid production from Zygosaccharomyces siamensis AP1 in molasses substrate using sequencing batch method
Ilmi, M., Badrani, A., & Fauziyah, A. (2022) · Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/10826068.2022.2081859 · Cited by 5
“The biomass determined using gravimetric method, while lipid concentration determined using Bligh & Dyer method.([19]) At all experiments, biomass”
MethodInfluential
Distinct glycerophospholipids potentiate Gsα-activated adenylyl cyclase activity
Seth, A., Landau, M., Shevchenko, A., Traikov, S., Schultz, A. C. F., Elsabbagh, S. A., & Schultz, J. E. (2022) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110396 · Cited by 4
In situ glucosylceramide synthesis and its pharmacological inhibition analysed in cells by 13C5‐sphingosine precursor feeding and mass spectrometry
Katzy, R. E., Ferraz, M. J., Hazeu, M., et al. (2022) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1002/1873-3468.14448 · Cited by 5
Effect of season and processing steps in nutritional components and bioactivities of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis)
Neri, T. A. N., Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, T. H. P., Rohmah, Z., Jeong, S.-B., HWANG, D., & Choi, B.-D. (2021) · International Food Research Journal · doi:10.47836/ifrj.28.4.12 · Cited by 5
Development of low-cost cage-like particles to formulate veterinary vaccines
Lupi, G., Valtierra, F. X. S., Cabrera, G., et al. (2022) · Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110460 · Cited by 5
Spatiotemporal variation of ringed seal blubber cortisol levels in the Canadian Arctic
Ogloff, W. R., Anderson, R., Yurkowski, D. J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyac047 · Cited by 5
“Lipids were extracted using a 2:1 chloroform:methanol solvent mixture, based on the established Bligh and Dyer (1959) method.”
Method
Consumption of Farmed Fish, Fed with an Olive-Pomace Enriched Diet, and Its Effect on the Inflammatory, Redox, and Platelet-Activating Factor Enzyme Profile of Apparently Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Trial
Petsini, F., Ntzouvani, A., Detopoulou, M., et al. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11142105 · Cited by 5
“The reaction was stopped by adding cold chloroform:methanol 1:1 (2% acetic acid) following the Bligh–Dyer method of lipid extraction [33].”
Method
Screening of high lipid content and productivity of microalgae under photoautotrophic cultivation for biodiesel production
Jarungkeerativimol, P., Chonsongkram, J., Sappamongkolchai, W., Sultan, I. N., Tareen, A. K., & Parakulsuksatid, P. (2022) · Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy · doi:10.1002/ep.13950 · Cited by 5
“The preparation of fatty acids was done through wet cells' extraction was done by following the modified method of Bligh and Dyer.22 Whereas fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was prepared through modified methods of23,24 using Agilent J&W GC columns (DB-WAX, length: 30 m; diameter: 0.25 mm, film: 0.25 μm, and temperature…”
MethodInfluential
Effect of newly isolated high antioxidant diatom on the reproduction and stress tolerance of the marine copepod, Acartia erythraea under crowding stress
Rahman, N. A., Teh, J. C., Katayama, T., et al. (2022) · Aquaculture Research · doi:10.1111/are.16019 · Cited by 5
Orthogonality in Principal Component Analysis Allows the Discovery of Lipids in the Jejunum That Are Independent of Ad Libitum Feeding
Balgoma, D., Kullenberg, F., Peters, K., et al. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12090866 · Cited by 5
“To extract the lipids in every sample, 150 μL of homogenate were extracted by Bligh&Dyer method [11].”
Method
Effect of Sinonovacula constricta on sediment microbial numbers and easily degradable organics in shrimp-crab polyculture systems
Liu, H., Chai, X., Zhang, D., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.1012893 · Cited by 5
“According to the Editorial Board of the Water and Wastewater Monitoring and Analysis Methods of the State Environmental Protection Administration (2002), the Lowry method was used for the determination of proteins, and the methanol-chloroform method was used for the determination of lipids (Bligh and Dyer, 1959).”
Method
Condensed tannins to increase bioactive fatty acids in the milk from Canindé, Repartida, and Saanen goats
do Nascimento, S. P. O., da Silva, A. P. R., de Sant’ana, A. S., Rodrigues, B. R., de Quadros, C. P., de Moraes, S. A., Vendruscolo, R. G., Wagner, R. C., Félix, W. P., de Souza, E. J. O., et al. (2022) · Tropical Animal Health and Production · doi:10.1007/s11250-022-03324-2 · Cited by 6
“(2017) and Costa et al. (2020) reported that tannins can affect feed acceptability and consequently cause a reduction in consumption.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Value-Added Dietary Fiber Concentrate Obtained as Waste after Protein Isolation from Ethanol-Treated Sunflower Meal
Ivanova, P., Kalaydzhiev, H. R., Slavov, A. M., & Chalova, V. I. (2022) · International Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1155/2022/4289059 · Cited by 5
“The amount of total lipids was evaluated as described by Bligh and Dyer [17], while ash content was determined by ICC Standard No104/1 [18].”
Method
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Family C Protein 10 Participates in the Synthesis and Efflux of Hexosylceramides in Liver Cells
Iqbal, J., Walsh, M. T., & Hussain, M. M. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14204401 · Cited by 5
“Lipids were extracted from media and cells [34], dried and re-suspended (100 μL of isopropanol) for the separation of sphingolipids on thin layer chromatograph (TLC) silica plates (catalog #44931, Analtech, Inc.”
Method
The Effect of Deep Frying French Fries and Two Types of Iberian Pork on the Characteristics of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and the Fried Products
Carrapiso, A. I., Otero-Bazago, E. M., Gil-Amado, J. A., et al. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11213394 · Cited by 5
“The fat content was determined by solvent extraction [25].”
Method
Salinity and hydraulic retention time induce membrane phospholipid acyl chain remodeling in Halanaerobium congolense WG10 and mixed cultures from hydraulically fractured shale wells
Ugwuodo, C. J., Colosimo, F., Adhikari, J., Shen, Y., Badireddy, A. R., & Mouser, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1023575 · Cited by 5
“Samples were sequentially extracted ultrasonically according to a modified Bligh and Dyer procedure (Bligh and Dyer, 1959) using three solvent mixtures – dichloromethane (DCM): methanol (MeOH): phosphate buffer, 1:2:0.”
Method
Potential of microalgae for phytoremediation of various wastewaters for nutrient removal and biodiesel production through nanocatalytic transesterification
Mittal, V., & Ghosh, U. K. (2022) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1002/apj.2847 · Cited by 5
Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Enrichment on the Chemical Composition and the Pathogenic Microbiota of Ovine Milk
Tzora, A., Voidarou, C. C., Giannenas, Ι., Bonos, E., Fotou, K., Nelli, A., Grigoriadou, K., Karamoutsios, A., Basdagianni, Z., Dokou, S., et al. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11223736 · Cited by 5
Seasonal and interannual variability in the diet of young and subadult male Antarctic fur seals as revealed by stable C and N isotope ratios
Drago, M., Llorach, C., Cruz, U. O.-S., et al. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1139/cjfas-2022-0145 · Cited by 5
The Changes in Biochemical Compositions of Five Different Macroalgae and Seagrass (Halophila stipulacea (Forsskal) Ascherson 1867) Collected from Iskenderun Bay
Naz, M., Sayın, S., Çetin, Z., Saygılı, E. İ., Taşkın, E., & Söyler, O. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences · doi:10.28979/jarnas.1087105 · Cited by 5
Multi-Nutrient Milk Quality Analysis Applying Chemometrics: A Supplementation-based Approach using Dairy Goats
Rahman, M. R. A., Hassan, Z., Hassan, M. S., et al. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology · doi:10.37934/araset.28.3.123143 · Cited by 5
Uncovering the Optimal Molecular Characteristics of Hydrophobe-Containing Polypeptoids to Induce Liposome or Cell Membrane Fragmentation
Yu, T., Omarova, M., Zhang, M., et al. (2023) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00028 · Cited by 5
Composition, Organoleptic Characteristics, Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Status of Cow’s Milk and White Cheese after Dietary Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Flaxseed and Lupin
Dokou, S., Athanasoulas, A., Vasilopoulos, S., Basdagianni, Z., Dovolou, E., Nanas, I., Grigoriadou, K., Amiridis, G. S., & Giannenas, Ι. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13071159 · Cited by 5
“Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were evaluated in accordance with the Bligh and Dyer [21] method and the International Organisation for Standardisation ISO [22], as reported by Papaloukas et al. [23].”
Method

Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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