Cited by 426Wildlife Ecology and ConservationRangeland and Wildlife ManagementWildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 115 of the 117 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Conservation of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada: an uncertain future1This review is part of the virtual symposium “Flagship Species – Flagship Problems” that deals with ecology, biodiversity and management issues, and climate impacts on species at risk and of Canadian importance, including the polar bear (Ursus maritimus), Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus), and caribou (Rangifer tarandus).

Open access
Festa-Bianchet, M., Ray, J.C., Boutin, S., Côté, S.D., Gunn, A.·2011·Canadian Journal of Zoology

Abstract

Caribou ( Rangifer tarandus (L., 1758)) play a central role in the ecology and culture of much of Canada, where they were once the most abundant cervid. Most populations are currently declining, and some face extirpation. In southern Canada, caribou range has retreated considerably over the past century. The ultimate reason for their decline is habitat alterations by industrial activities. The proximate causes are predation and, to a lesser extent, overharvest. The most southerly populations of “Mountain” caribou are at imminent risk of extirpation. Mountain caribou are threatened by similar industrial activities as Boreal caribou, and face increasing harassment from motorized winter recreational activities. Most populations of “Migratory Tundra” caribou are currently declining. Although these caribou fluctuate in abundance over decades, changing harvest technologies, climate change, increasing industrial development and human presence in the North raise doubts over whether recent declines will be followed by recoveries. The Peary caribou ( Rangifer tarandus pearyi J.A. Allen, 1902), a distinct subspecies endemic to Canada’s High Arctic, has suffered drastic declines caused by severe weather, hunting and predation. It faces an increasing threat from climate change. While some questions remain about the reasons for the decline of Migratory Tundra caribou, research has clearly identified several threats to the persistence of “Boreal”, Mountain, and Peary caribou. Scientific knowledge, however, has neither effectively influenced policies nor galvanized public opinion sufficiently to push governments into effective actions. The persistence of many caribou populations appears incompatible with the ongoing pace of industrial development.

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  1. Bergerud A.T., 1989, Wildl. Soc. Bull., 17, 111
  2. Cameron R.D., 2005, Arctic, 58, 1
  3. Gasaway W.C., 1983, Wildl. Monogr. No. 84, 1
  4. Gunn, A. 2001. Conservation and resource use in Arctic ecosystems.InConservation of exploited species.Edited byR.D. Reynolds, G.M. Mace, K.H. Redford, and J.G. Robinson. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp. 424–439.
  5. Gunn A., 2006, Arctic, 59, 1
  6. 10.1139/cjz-78-1-49 · DOI
  7. Hayes R.D., 2003, Wildl. Monogr. No. 152, 1
  8. Hummel, M., and Ray, J.C. (Editors). 2008. Caribou and the North: a shared future. Dundurn Press Ltd., Toronto, Ont.
  9. Kendrick A., 2005, Arctic, 58, 175
  10. Kinley T.A., 2001, Wildl. Soc. Bull., 29, 158
  11. Latham, A.D.M. 2009. Wolf ecology and caribou-primary prey-wolf spatial relationships in low productivity peatland complexes in northeastern Alberta. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Biological Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton.
  12. Miller F.L., 2007, Arctic, 60, 23
  13. 10.1139/z01-156 · DOI
  14. Ritchie C., 2008, Alces, 44, 127
  15. Schaefer, J.A. 2008. Boreal forest caribou.InCaribou and the North: a shared future.Edited byM. Hummel and J. Ray. Dundurn Press Ltd., Toronto, Ont. pp. 223–237.
  16. Seip, D., and McLellan, B. 2008. Mountain caribou.InCaribou and the North: a shared future.Edited byM. Hummel and J. Ray. Dundurn Press Ltd., Toronto, Ont. pp. 240–255
  17. 10.1139/cjz-78-8-1433 · DOI · Paper page

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Metadata

Authors
Festa-Bianchet, M., Ray, J. C., Boutin, S., Côté, S. D., & Gunn, A.
Affiliations
  • Département de biologie et Centre d’études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
  • Wildlife Conservation Society Canada (CA)
  • University of Alberta (CA)
  • Center for Northern Studies (CA)
  • 368 Roland Road, Salt Spring Island, BC V8K 1V1, Canada.
Venue
Canadian Journal of Zoology
Published
2011-05
Volume
89
Issue
5
Pages
419-434
ISSN
  • 0008-4301 (ISSN-L)
  • 1480-3283
OpenAlex
W1791351279
Cited by
426
References
117
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 20
FWCI
22.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Canadian Journal of Zoology (publishedVersion)
  • Corpus Université Laval (Université Laval) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Wildlife Conservation Society
  • Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Rangeland and Wildlife Management
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
Keywords
reindeer, caribou conservation, population decline (ecology), extirpation risk, mountain caribou, boreal caribou, Peary caribou, predation, overharvesting, climate change impacts, wildlife policy, threatened species

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