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An empirical evaluation of graspable user interfaces: towards specialized, space-multiplexed input
Open accessAbstract
This paper reports on the experimental evaluation of a GraspableUser Interface that employs a "spacemultiplexing" input scheme in which each function to be controlled has a dedicated physical transducer, each occupying its own space.This input style contrasts the more traditional "time-multiplexing" input scheme which uses one device (such as the mouse) to control different functions at different points in time.A tracking experiment was conducted to compare a traditional GUI design with its time-multiplex input scheme versus a Graspable UI design having a space-multiplex input scheme.We found that the space-multiplex conditions out perform the time-multiplex conditions.In addition, we found that the use of specialized physical form factors for the input devices instead of generic form factors provide a performance advantage.We rugue that the specialized devices serve as both visual and tactile functional reminders of the associated tool assignment as well as facilitate manipulation due to the customized form factors.
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“Bimanual interaction has been studied extensively by Guiard (1987) and Fitzmaurice and Buxton (1997) and guidelines may be drawn from their results.”
From Physical and Virtual Tools: Activity Theory Applied to the Design of Groupware (2002) · cites this paper as Fitzmaurice and Buxton (1997)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fitzmaurice, G. W., & Buxton, W.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 1997-03-27
- Pages
- 43-50
- OpenAlex
- W1975142584
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.62
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- OCAD University Open Research Repository (OCAD University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Toronto
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Interactive and Immersive Displays
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design › Data Visualization and Analytics
- Keywords
- tracking performance, human-computer interaction, tactile feedback, visual feedback
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