The Final Frontier: Deep Learning in Space
Abstract
Machine learning, particularly deep learning, is being increasing utilised in space applications, mirroring the groundbreaking success in many earthbound problems. Deploying a space device, e.g. a satellite, is becoming more accessible to small actors due to the development of modular satellites and commercial space launches, which fuels further growth of this area. Deep learning's ability to deliver sophisticated computational intelligence makes it an attractive option to facilitate various tasks on space devices and reduce operational costs. In this work, we identify deep learning in space as one of development directions for mobile and embedded machine learning. We collate various applications of machine learning to space data, such as satellite imaging, and describe how on-device deep learning can meaningfully improve the operation of a spacecraft, such as by reducing communication costs or facilitating navigation. We detail and contextualise compute platform of satellites and draw parallels with embedded systems and current research in deep learning for resource-constrained environments.
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Most studies surveying AI with respect to space applications have either been reviews concerning closely related aspects of space missions or detailed topical reviews on specific AI techniques or algorithms to a specific field.
“Summarily, most studies surveying AI with respect to space applications have either been reviews concerning closely related aspects of space missions (([5], [7]) or detailed topical reviews with respect to the development and application of specific AI techniques or algorithms ([15], [11] and [16]) to a specific field ([17]).”
From Applications and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Space Missions (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
Parts of an image of no interest can be discarded to drastically reduce the amount of data transmitted.
“Parts of the image of no interest (e.g. those occluded by clouds) can be discarded so as to drastically reduce the amount of data transmitted [139],[15].”
From Applications and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Space Missions (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
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A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Neural Network Design for Onboard Deployment in Space
Benoot, W. (2023) · European Data Handling & Data Processing Conference (EDHPC) · doi:10.23919/edhpc59100.2023.10396591 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A Novel Method for Rapid Orbital Deployment of ML for Space Applications
Hall, S., Jayaraman, P. P., & Moar, P. (2024) · IEEE Space Computing Conference (SCC) · doi:10.1109/scc61854.2024.00007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
On the Application of Machine Learning to Planetary Sciences
Cambioni, S. (2020) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
A Generalized Software Framework for Deep Neural Network Inference in Space Applications
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On‐Orbit Fast Small Target Detection Method Based on the Improved YOLOv5 Model
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On-orbit model training for satellite imagery with label proportions
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Thermal-Aware Scheduling of Hybrid Mission Workflows in Software-Defined Satellites
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Case Studies in Verifying Spacecraft Autonomy
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- Authors
- Kothari, V., Liberis, E., & Lane, N. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 21st International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2020-03-03
- Pages
- 45-49
- ISSN
- 1550-6193 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3007493000
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 3.93
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- EPSRC (DTP (EP/R513295/1), MOA (EP/S001530/))
- Samsung AI
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Space Technology and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Keywords
- on-device deep learning, embedded machine learning, satellite imaging, spacecraft navigation, communication cost reduction, modular satellites, commercial space launch
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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