“A Second Voice”: Investigating Opportunities and Challenges for Interactive Voice Assistants to Support Home Health Aides
Abstract
Home health aides are a vulnerable group of frontline caregivers who provide personal and medically-oriented care in patients’ homes. Their work is difficult and unpredictable, involving a mix of physical and emotional labor as they adapt to patients’ changing needs. Our paper presents an exploratory, qualitative study with 32 participants, that investigates design opportunities for Interactive Voice Assistants (IVAs) to support aides’ essential care work. We explore challenges and opportunities for IVAs to (1) fill gaps in aides’ access to information and care coordination, (2) assist with decision making and task completion, (3) advocate on behalf of aides, and (4) provide emotional support. We then discuss key implications of our work, including how materiality may impact perceived ownership and usage of IVAs, the need to carefully consider tensions around surveillance, accountability, data collection, and reporting, and the challenges of centering aides as essential workers in complex home health care contexts.
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Previous HCI research has explored strategies and interactive tools for healthcare communication such as embodied agents, voice assistants, and mobile apps, which do not necessarily involve AI and thus follow more fixed interaction flows.
“For example, previous HCI research has also explored strategies and interactive tools for healthcare communication such as embodied agents, voice assistants, and mobile apps, which do not necessarily involve AI and thus follow more fixed interaction flows [13,31,32,99,106].”
From Talk2Care: An LLM-based Voice Assistant for Communication between Healthcare Providers and Older Adults (2024) · cites this paper as [13]
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Kawakami, A., Taylor, J., Fox, S., Zhu, H., & Holstein, K. (2026) · Big Data & Society · doi:10.1177/20539517261424164
Self-citationWho Goes First? Addressing Order as a Procedural Signal in AI-Mediated Family Conflicts
Kim, S., Ha, J., & Oh, C. (2026) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/3772363.3798658
Care Workers' Risk Work: How Nannies Manage Invisible Threats in Employers' Homes
Jeong, S., Lee, J., Lee, M. A., & Chen, Y. (2026) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3772318.3791901
Solano-Kamaiko, I. R., Avgar, A. C., Sterling, M. R., Vashistha, A., & Dell, N. L. (2026) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3772318.3791116
Self-citationHou, M., Porter‐Steele, J., Balaam, S., Chiu, V., McCarthy, A. L., Dobbins, C., & Viller, S. (2026) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2026.2706669
Orienting Participatory AI for Frontline Care Work: A Conceptual Framework for Technologists
Ming, J., Solano-Kamaiko, I. R., & Tseng, E. (2026) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3816982
- Authors
- Bartle, V., Lyu, J., El Shabazz-Thompson, F., Oh, Y., Chen, A. A., Chang, Y.-J., Holstein, K., & Dell, N.
- Affiliations
- Jacobs Institute (US)
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, United States
- Venue
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2022-04-27
- Pages
- 1-17
- OpenAlex
- W4224979805
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 13.48
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (2026577)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Keywords
- home health aides, care coordination, emotional support, decision support, advocacy, data collection, materiality, essential workers, home health care, caregiver support
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