The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Xen and the art of virtualization
Abstract
Numerous systems have been designed which use virtualization to subdivide the ample resources of a modern computer. Some require specialized hardware, or cannot support commodity operating systems. Some target 100% binary compatibility at the expense of performance. Others sacrifice security or functionality for speed. Few offer resource isolation or performance guarantees; most provide only best-effort provisioning, risking denial of service.This paper presents Xen, an x86 virtual machine monitor which allows multiple commodity operating systems to share conventional hardware in a safe and resource managed fashion, but without sacrificing either performance or functionality. This is achieved by providing an idealized virtual machine abstraction to which operating systems such as Linux, BSD and Windows XP, can be ported with minimal effort.Our design is targeted at hosting up to 100 virtual machine instances simultaneously on a modern server. The virtualization approach taken by Xen is extremely efficient: we allow operating systems such as Linux and Windows XP to be hosted simultaneously for a negligible performance overhead --- at most a few percent compared with the unvirtualized case. We considerably outperform competing commercial and freely available solutions in a range of microbenchmarks and system-wide tests.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Necula, G. C. (1997) · Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages - POPL '97 · doi:10.1145/263699.263712 · Cited by 1,843
Memory resource management in VMware ESX server
Waldspurger, C. A. (2002) · ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review · doi:10.1145/844128.844146 · Cited by 1,205
Extensibility safety and performance in the SPIN operating system
Bershad, B. N., Savage, S., Pardyak, P., Sirer, E. G., Fiuczynski, M. E., Becker, D., Chambers, C., & Eggers, S. (1995) · Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles - SOSP '95 · doi:10.1145/224056.224077 · Cited by 955
A blueprint for introducing disruptive technology into the Internet
Peterson, L., Anderson, T., Culler, D., & Roscoe, T. (2003) · ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review · doi:10.1145/774763.774772 · Cited by 752
Optimizing the migration of virtual computers
Sapuntzakis, C. P., Chandra, R., Pfaff, B., Chow, J., Lam, M. S., & Rosenblum, M. (2002) · ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review · doi:10.1145/844128.844163 · Cited by 408
Scale and performance in the Denali isolation kernel
Whitaker, A., Shaw, M., & Gribble, S. D. (2002) · ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review · doi:10.1145/844128.844147 · Cited by 377
Application performance and flexibility on exokernel systems
Kaashoek, M. F., Engler, D. R., Ganger, G. R., Briceño, H. M., Hunt, R., Mazières, D., Pinckney, T., Grimm, R., Jannotti, J., & Mackenzie, K. (1997) · Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles · doi:10.1145/268998.266644 · Cited by 289
Page placement algorithms for large real-indexed caches
Kessler, R. E., & Hill, M. D. (1992) · ACM Transactions on Computer Systems · doi:10.1145/138873.138876 · Cited by 285
VM/370—A study of multiplicity and usefulness
(1979) · doi:10.1147/sj.181.0004 · Cited by 106
Flexible OS support and applications for trusted computing
Garfinkel, T., Rosenblum, M., & Boneh, D. (2003) · Cited by 90
Cited by
Beloglazov, A., Abawajy, J., & Buyya, R. (2012) · Future Generation Computer Systems · doi:10.1016/j.future.2011.04.017 · Cited by 2,761
A Taxonomy and Survey of Energy-Efficient Data Centers and Cloud Computing Systems
Beloglazov, A., Buyya, R., Lee, Y. C., & Zomaya, A. (2011) · Advances in Computers · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385512-1.00003-7 · Cited by 777
Post-copy based live virtual machine migration using adaptive pre-paging and dynamic self-ballooning
Hines, M. R., & Gopalan, K. (2009) · Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments · doi:10.1145/1508293.1508301 · Cited by 409
Patel, M., Chaudhary, S., & Garg, S. (2016) · Journal of Engineering · doi:10.1155/2016/3061674 · Cited by 42
Establishing Trusted I/O Paths for SGX Client Systems With Aurora
Liang, H., Li, M., Chen, Y., Jiang, L., Xie, Z., & Yang, T. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2019.2945621 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- Barham, P., Dragovic, B., Fraser, K., Hand, S., Harris, T., Ho, A., Neugebauer, R., Pratt, I., & Warfield, A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2003-10-19
- Pages
- 164-177
- OpenAlex
- W4244704438
- Cited by
- 2,107
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 38.69
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Xen and the art of virtualization. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/945445.945462
- The paper
- Barham, P., Dragovic, B., Fraser, K., Hand, S., Harris, T., Ho, A., Neugebauer, R., Pratt, I., & Warfield, A. (2003). Xen and the art of virtualization. Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles. https://doi.org/10.1145/945445.945462
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.