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Convergent Evolution in Plant Specialized Metabolism
Abstract
Plants synthesize a multitude of compounds that contribute to adaptation to their ecological niches. Such compounds serve as attractants of other living organisms beneficial to the plants or as defense against other biotic as well as abiotic agents. Selection for increased fitness, a never-ending process, has resulted in each plant lineage synthesizing a distinct set of specialized metabolites appropriate for its environment. The total number of specialized metabolites found in the plant kingdom far exceeds the capacity of any one plant genome to encode the necessary enzymes, and just as a plant lineage acquires the ability to make new specialized compounds during evolution, it also loses the ability to make others. Although the ability of plants to make novel, specialized metabolites continues to evolve, there are also many examples in which different plants have independently evolved the ability to make compounds already present in other plant lineages or to make different compounds that fulfill the same role-both are examples of convergent evolution. Here, we discuss many examples of convergent evolution in specialized metabolism. There are many genetic and biochemical mechanisms that can give rise to convergent evolution, and we conclude that, overall, convergent evolution in plant specialized metabolism is surprisingly common.
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“Despite the fact that definitions of secondary metabolites are inherently diffuse (Hartmann, 2007;Pichersky and Lewinsohn, 2011;Davies, 2013), the distinction between primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, and plant hormones has found its way into textbooks and shapes our thinking in plant biology to this day.”
From Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defenses, Regulators, and Primary Metabolites: The Blurred Functional Trichotomy (2020) · cites this paper as Pichersky and Lewinsohn, 2011
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Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Pichersky, E., & Lewinsohn, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Agricultural Research Organization (IL)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Plant Biology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2011-06-02
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 549-566
- ISSN
- 1543-5008 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2123
- OpenAlex
- W2109385242
- Cited by
- 523
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 1.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Plant Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Keywords
- convergent evolution, plant secondary metabolism, secondary metabolites, plant defense, chemical ecology, plant adaptation, natural selection
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Biological Evolution, Plants, Species Specificity
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