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Extratropical Cooling, Interhemispheric Thermal Gradients, and Tropical Climate Change
Abstract
Recent studies suggest the existence of a global atmospheric teleconnection of extratropical cooling to the tropical rainfall climate, mediated through the development of a thermal contrast between the hemispheres—an interhemispheric thermal gradient. This teleconnection has been largely motivated by studies that show a global synchronization of rapid climate change during abrupt climate changes of the last glacial period, in addition to attribution studies of twentieth-century Sahel drought and studies that examined the climate impacts of anthropogenic aerosols. This research has led to interesting developments in atmospheric dynamics of the underlying mechanisms and in applications toward understanding past and present tropical climate change. The emerging teleconnection hypothesis promises to offer new insights into understanding future patterns of tropical rainfall changes due to interhemispheric thermal gradients from greenhouse warming, aerosols, and land-use change.
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“The low flow following these short-lived high-latitude eruptions is of short duration (i.e., the year after the eruption), and therefore, the clustering of extreme annual low stand values occurring during and following the Hrafnkatla episode may suggest a different, more persistent tropical hydroclimate response following prolonged volcanic emissions as was the case during the 20th century which w”
From Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period (2024) · cites this paper as [74]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chiang, J. C. H., & Friedman, A. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2012-05-30
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 383-412
- ISSN
- 0084-6597 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4495
- OpenAlex
- W2146529780
- Cited by
- 379
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences (publishedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DEFG0208ER64588)
- Secretário de Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, Governo do Estado de Parana
- Office of Science
- Biological and Environmental Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Keywords
- tropical rainfall variability, teleconnections, abrupt climate change, last glacial period, Sahel drought, anthropogenic aerosols, global warming, land use change, tropical climate change
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