Cited by 380Land Use and Ecosystem ServicesSoil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsForest Management and Policy

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Land-Management Options for Greenhouse Gas Removal and Their Impacts on Ecosystem Services and the Sustainable Development Goals

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Smith, Pete, Adams, Justin, Beerling, David J., Beringer, Tim, Calvin, Katherine V., Fuss, Sabine, Griscom, Bronson, Hagemann, Nikolas, Kammann, Claudia, Kraxner, Florian, Minx, Jan C., Popp, Alexander, Renforth, Phil, Vicente Vicente, Jose Luis, Keesstra, Saskia·2019·Annual Review of Environment and Resources

DOI 10.1146/annurev-environ-101718-033129

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Abstract

Land-management options for greenhouse gas removal (GGR) include afforestation or reforestation (AR), wetland restoration, soil carbon sequestration (SCS), biochar, terrestrial enhanced weathering (TEW), and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). We assess the opportunities and risks associated with these options through the lens of their potential impacts on ecosystem services (Nature's Contributions to People; NCPs) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We find that all land-based GGR options contribute positively to at least some NCPs and SDGs. Wetland restoration and SCS almost exclusively deliver positive impacts. A few GGR options, such as afforestation, BECCS, and biochar potentially impact negatively some NCPs and SDGs, particularly when implemented at scale, largely through competition for land. For those that present risks or are least understood, more research is required, and demonstration projects need to proceed with caution. For options that present low risks and provide cobenefits, implementation can proceed more rapidly following no-regrets principles.

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Authors: Smith, P., Adams, J., Beerling, D. J., Beringer, T., Calvin, K. V., Fuss, S., Griscom, B., Hagemann, N., Kammann, C., Kraxner, F., Minx, J. C., Popp, A., Renforth, P., Vicente Vicente, J. L., & Keesstra, S.
Affiliations: University of Aberdeen (GB)
World Economic Forum (CH)
Leverhulme Centre for Climate Change Mitigation (GB)
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
Joint Global Change Research Institute (US)
The Nature Conservancy (US)
Ithaka Institute for Carbon Strategies (CH)
Hochschule Geisenheim University (DE)
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (AT)
University of Leeds (GB)
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (DE)
Heriot-Watt University (GB)
Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, 10829 Berlin, Germany
University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
ORCID: Smith, Pete
Beerling, David J.
Beringer, Tim
Calvin, Katherine V.
Fuss, Sabine
Griscom, Bronson
Hagemann, Nikolas
Kammann, Claudia
Kraxner, Florian
Minx, Jan C.
Popp, Alexander
Renforth, Phil
Keesstra, Saskia
Venue: Annual Review of Environment and Resources
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2019-10-17
Volume: 44
Issue: 1
Pages: 255-286
ISSN: 1543-5938 (ISSN-L)
1545-2050
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-environ-101718-033129
OpenAlex: W2949662106
Semantic Scholar: 15e80f1310157addbd7b0c8ec53550a821444115
Cited by: 380
References: 134
Citations by year: 2026: 37 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 5
FWCI: 3.10
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.wur.nl
Locations: Annual Review of Environment and Resources (publishedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
Publication Database PIK (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)) (submittedVersion)
NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L024756/1)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/M021327/1, NE/P019455/1, NE/P019730/2, NE/P019943/2)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Forest Management and Policy
Keywords: greenhouse gas removal, land management, afforestation and reforestation, wetland restoration, soil carbon sequestration, biochar, bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, ecosystem services, nature's contributions to people, Sustainable Development Goals, land use competition

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Land-Management Options for Greenhouse Gas Removal and Their Impacts on Ecosystem Services and the Sustainable Development Goals

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