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β-Hydroxybutyrate: A Signaling Metabolite
Open accessAbstract
Various mechanisms in the mammalian body provide resilience against food deprivation and dietary stress. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is synthesized in the liver from fatty acids and represents an essential carrier of energy from the liver to peripheral tissues when the supply of glucose is too low for the body's energetic needs, such as during periods of prolonged exercise, starvation, or absence of dietary carbohydrates. In addition to its activity as an energetic metabolite, BHB is increasingly understood to have cellular signaling functions. These signaling functions of BHB broadly link the outside environment to epigenetic gene regulation and cellular function, and their actions may be relevant to a variety of human diseases as well as human aging.
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“The higher rate of sustained remission in the present investigation may be due to sustained carbohydrate restriction and the metabolic benefits attributed to nutritional ketosis [28], as well as the ongoing level of support provided from the care team in this care model.”
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Items 401–500 of 873
Metabolic Insights into Neuropsychiatric Illnesses and Ketogenic Therapies: A Transcriptomic View
Sahay, S., Pulvender, P., Reddy, M. V. S. R. R., McCullumsmith, R. E., & O'Donovan, S. M. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25158266 · Cited by 10
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Resultβ-Hydroxybutyrate enhances astrocyte glutamate uptake through EAAT1 expression regulation
Shang, S., Wang, L., & Lu, X. (2024) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2024.103959 · Cited by 10
Beta-Hydroxybutyrate: A Supplemental Molecule for Various Diseases
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Acute ketone monoester ingestion lowers resting cerebral blood flow: a randomized cross‐over trial
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A Review of the Efficacy of the Dietary Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder
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“Further factors might include the modulation of mitochondrial activity, potassium channels, brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression, and neuroinflammation [3, 18, 25, 33, 48].”
BackgroundInfluentialAnthranilic Acid, a GPR109A Agonist, and Schizophrenia
Oxenkrug, G. F., & Forester, B. P. (2024) · International Journal of Tryptophan Research · doi:10.1177/11786469241239125 · Cited by 13
“42 It was suggested that the anti-psychotic effect of KD is mediated by BHB.”
BackgroundBharmal, S. H., Ramos, G. C. A., Ko, J., & Petrov, M. S. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.03.013 · Cited by 10
Liang, J., Huang, J., He, W., Shi, G., Chen, J., & Huang, H. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.685748 · Cited by 10
Liu, C., Zheng, X., Liu, L., Hu, Y., Zhu, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, H., Gu, E., Yang, Z., & Xu, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.828278 · Cited by 10
“The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is synthesized from fatty acids in the liver and serve as alternative energy sources when the supply of glucose is not enough for the body’s energetic need (Newman and Verdin, 2017).”
BackgroundIntermittent Fasting as Possible Treatment for Heart Failure
Garza-González, S., Nieblas, B., Solbes-Gochicoa, M. M., Altamirano, J., & Garcı́a, N. (2022) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570161120666220610151915 · Cited by 11
Evidence for fasting induced extra-adrenal steroidogenesis in the male brown anole, Anolis sagrei
Himmelstein, R., Spahija, A., & Fokidis, H. B. (2020) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110544 · Cited by 10
“Subjects predictably lost body mass and increased concentrations of β -hydroxybutyrate in plasma, which suggests fatty acid oxidation is occurring, possibly due to depleted sources of glucose (Newman and Verdin, 2017).”
BackgroundThe ketone body β-Hydroxybutyrate as a fuel source of chondrosarcoma cells
López, M. V., Quiroz-Vicente, C. A., Pérez‐Hernández, N., Gómez‐Chávez, F., Bañuelos‐Hernández, A. E., & Pérez‐Hernández, E. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30212 · Cited by 9
Xu, Q., Zou, Z., Lin, T., Guo, C., & Lin, D. (2025) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.28972 · Cited by 9
“Specifically, LGGK supplementation preserved grip strength and muscle mass in CAC mice, highlighting the critical role of 3 ‐ HB in muscle preservation and energy metabolism under catabolic stress conditions such as fasting and disease (Newman and Verdin 2017; Thomsen et al. 2018).”
Qiu, X., Wu, W., Zhang, S., Huang, C., & Lin, D.-H. (2025) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c01150 · Cited by 10
Garcia, C., Banerjee, A., Montgomery, C. B., Adcock, L., Maezawa, I., Ramsey, J. J., Grodzki, A. C., Kim, K., & Cortopassi, G. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2025.1628835 · Cited by 10
“…levels in aging C57Bl6 mice that experience memory loss and found that BHB levels were twice as high in mice on a KD compared to mice on a CD (Roberts et al., 2017; Newman et al., 2017), and only KD mice with 2X higher BHB levels experienced a signi fi cant memory bene fi t compared to CD 24 mice.”
InfluentialJameson, T. S. O., Islam, H., Wall, B. T., Little, J. P., & Stephens, F. B. (2022) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep090546 · Cited by 8
“…Michailidis et al., 2013), although granted this may not be beneficial for long term adaptation (Owens et al., 2019). β-Hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) is a ketone body produced endogenously during carbohydrate deprivation, extended fasting or prolonged glycogen-depleting exercise (Newman & Verdin, 2017).”
BackgroundPre-treatment with β-hydroxybutyrate mitigates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Kim, M. J., Kim, Y.-S., Kim, S. R., Lee, D. W., Lee, S. B., & Kim, S. R. (2024) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149482 · Cited by 9
Thirion, A., Loots, D. T., Williams, M. E., Solomons, R., & Mason, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1270041 · Cited by 9
“Beyond being substrates for neuronal ATP synthesis, ketone bodies have a variety of paracrine and autocrine signaling functions that alter gene expression, lipid metabolism, neuronal function, and metabolic rate (Newman and Verdin, 2017).”
BackgroundFueling Ketone Metabolism Quenches Salt-Induced Hypertension
Place, D. E., & Kanneganti, T. (2019) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2019.01.004 · Cited by 9
RNA sequencing reveals niche gene expression effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate in primary myotubes
Ruppert, P. M. M., Deng, L., Hooiveld, G. J. E. J., Hangelbroek, R., Zeigerer, A., & Kersten, S. (2021) · Life Science Alliance · doi:10.26508/lsa.202101037 · Cited by 9
“Illustrated by the sheer abundance of reviews and perspective articles on the potential benefits of ketosis, βOHB is considered as a potential mediator of the putative fasting-related health benefits (2, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23).”
BackgroundFunctional loss of ketogenesis in odontocete cetaceans
Wolfgang, M. J., Choi, J. C. H., & Scafidi, S. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.243062 · Cited by 9
Hepatic metabolite responses to 4-day complete fasting and subsequent refeeding in rats
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“Mammals have developed multiple mechanisms to accommodate environmental changes, such as food availability ( Newman & Verdin, 2017 ).”
Ijare, O. B., Holan, C. A., Hebert, J., Sharpe, M. A., Baskin, D. S., & Pichumani, K. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58244-8 · Cited by 9
Hidden chronic metabolic acidosis of diabetes type 2 (CMAD): Clues, causes and consequences
Giha, H. A. (2023) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-023-09816-2 · Cited by 8
“Ketone bodies (KBs): are another main source of protons, of which the β-OH-butyric acid is a major KB (~ 70% of total KBs), which is a metabolite of fatty acids (FA) in the liver when there is shortage of energy as inT2D [13, 48].”
BackgroundStubbs, B. J., Stephens, E. B., Senadheera, C., Peralta, S., Diaz, S. R., Alexander, L. E. C., Silverman-Martin, W., Garcia, T. Y., Yukawa, M., Morris, J., et al. (2024) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100329 · Cited by 8
Self-citationLiver protects neuron viability and electrocortical activity in post-cardiac arrest brain injury
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“When glucose availability is limited, the liver produces ketone bodies, such as β -Hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetate, through the process of ketogenesis (Newman and Verdin, 2017).”
Exogenous Ketones in Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside
Kansakar, U., Garcia, C. N., Santulli, G., Gambardella, J., Mone, P., Jankauskas, S. S., & Lombardi, A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13237391 · Cited by 9
“This may suggest that restoration of BHB levels was due to decreased utilization of BHB, and hence BHB protected the heart not as an energic substrate but as a signaling molecule [1,38].”
Ghrelin–LEAP2 interactions along the stomach–liver axis
Sakai, K., Nakazato, Y., Shiimura, Y., Zhang, W., & Nakazato, M. (2024) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0543 · Cited by 8
Karjoo, S., Braglia‐Tarpey, A., Chan, A. P., Germán, A. G. A., Herdes, R. E., Pai, N., Velez, D. S., Whitehead, B. A., Quirós‐Tejeira, R. E., & Duro, D. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpn3.70099 · Cited by 9
Huang, Y., Ding, J., Zhu, Y., Shi, J., Liu, R., Wu, C., Han, L.-F., & Zhang, M. (2025) · Cancer Biology & Therapy · doi:10.1080/15384047.2025.2516825 · Cited by 8
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Untargeted LC/MS-Based Metabolic Phenotyping of Hypopituitarism in Young Males
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“The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate was produced from the incomplete β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver, to provides an essential carrier of energy from the liver to peripheral tissues (Newman and Verdin, 2017).”
BackgroundReddy, V. D. K., Dalai, M., Khan, M. S., & Jagota, A. (2022) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-022-09994-7 · Cited by 8
“…clock and central clock system is driven by complex mechanism involving many humoral and enzymatic pathways (Challet 2019). β-Hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) synthesized in the liver during fasting conditions has been proposed to be a key candidate molecule in these pathways (Newman and Verdin 2017).”
BackgroundSharma, H., Reeta, K. H., Sharma, U., & Suri, V. S. (2023) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107184 · Cited by 8
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“Research shows that β-hydroxybutyrate can bind to receptors on cell surfaces, influencing ion channel activity and inhibiting certain enzymes, thus helping to regulate intracellular signaling pathways [41].”
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Are the Modern Diets for the Treatment of Obesity Better than the Classical Ones?
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“Ketones are not only energy fuels but also potent signaling molecules with important effects on multiple cell functions [35].”
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DNA methylation and chromatin modifications
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Microbiota and Metabolites as Factors Influencing Blood Pressure Regulation
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“It is produced in high amounts during fasting, exercise, and diabetic ketoacidosis (201, 222).”
Poster Viewing Sessions PB01-B01 to PB03-V09
Badji, A., de la Colina, A. N., Sabra, D., Karakuzu, A., Bherer, L., Lamarre-Cliche, M., Stikov, N., Gauthier, C. J., Cohen‐Adad, J., & Girouard, H. (2019) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x19851020 · Cited by 8
Decreased β‐hydroxybutyrate and ketogenic amino acid levels in depressed human adults
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“The mitochondrial BHB is transported by several monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCT) into target peripheral tissues (Newman & Verdin, 2017), including the brain (Halestrap, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialMadhavan, S. S., & Stubbs, B. J. (2024) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2024.06.005 · Cited by 7
Gentili, V., Schiuma, G., Dilliraj, L. N., Beltrami, S., Rizzo, S., Lara, D., Giovannini, P. P., Marti, M., Bortolotti, D., Trapella, C., et al. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17010149 · Cited by 7
“Expanding these approaches will help bridge the gap between preclinical findings and clinical applications, ultimately advancing the potential of DAG-MAG-β HB as a viable therapeutic strategy for AD.”
Ketone bodies in renal function and diabetic kidney disease
Mechchate, H. (2025) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2025.109915 · Cited by 8
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Fasting impairs humoral immunological memory by β-hydroxybutyrate-mediated depletion of plasma cells
Zhu, Y., Ding, B., Lv, H., Xu, H., Chen, J., Xu, J., Wu, Q., Hao, X., Hu, Y., Guo, J., et al. (2026) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2026.01.002 · Cited by 9
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“The ketone body β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) is not only a simple carrier of energy from the liver to peripheral tissues during prolonged fasting or exercise but also an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor, possessing a series of regulatory functions, like gene expression, lipid metabolism, neuronal function and…”
BackgroundHui, S. A., Chiew, A. L., & Depczynski, B. (2023) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-023-02203-7 · Cited by 7
“Introduction The ketone bodies β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), acetoacetate, and acetone are an alternative fuel source primarily utilised by the human body in states of energy restriction with reduced carbohydrate intake, usually characterised by low or normal glucose and appropriately low insulin [1].”
BackgroundHildebrand, C., Hollenbach, J., Seeger, B., & Pfarrer, C. D. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13182950 · Cited by 8
“In the organism, it can be used as an alternative energy source by many tissues (reviewed by [15,16]).”
Mey, J. T., Vandagmansar, B., Dantas, W. S., Belmont, K. P., Axelrod, C. L., & Kirwan, J. P. (2023) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.14054 · Cited by 7
Dörner, R., Hägele, F. A., Müller, M. J., Seidel, U., Rimbach, G. H., & Bosy‐Westphal, A. (2024) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00429.2023 · Cited by 7
D- ꞵ-hydroxybutyrate stabilizes hippocampal CA3-CA1 circuit during acute insulin resistance
Kula, B., Antal, B. B., Weistuch, C., Gackière, F., Barre, A., Velado, V., Hubbard, J. M., Kukley, M., Mujica-Parodi, L. R., & Smith, N. (2024) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae196 · Cited by 7
“This result suggests a reduction in the number of synaptic vesicles and is consistent with reports of reduced conversion of glutamate to aspartate during ketosis (45, 46).”
BackgroundResultCai, Z., Zhang, Z., Leng, J., Xie, M., Zhang, K., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., Hu, H., Deng, Y., Bai, X., et al. (2024) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1093/jbmr/zjae176 · Cited by 7
The glucose‐lowering effects of exogenous ketones: is there therapeutic potential?
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“…metabolism, not least because of the documented performance-enhancing effects of the KME in elite cyclists (Cox et al. 2016), and the pleiotropic effects of βHB as a signalling metabolite regulating processes including gene expression, oxidative stress and inflammation (Newman & Verdin, 2017).”
BackgroundThe cation exchanger Letm1, circadian rhythms, and NAD(H) levels interconnect in diurnal zebrafish
Dao, P., Hajny, S., Mekis, R., Orel, L., Dinhopl, N., Tessmar‐Raible, K., & Nowikovsky, K. (2022) · Life Science Alliance · doi:10.26508/lsa.202101194 · Cited by 8
“KB utilization instead of glucose to provide acetyl-CoA uses less NAD+ than glucose, consequently more cytosolic NAD+ remains available for NAD+-consuming enzymes (Newman & Verdin, 2017; Xin et al, 2018).”
MethodFasting as key tone for COVID immunity
Wang, Y., & Chi, H. (2022) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-022-00646-1 · Cited by 7
Amich, I., Anguita, E., Escribano-Serrat, S., Alvarez, C., Rodríguez-Muñoz, D., García, V., Bello, R., Peña-Pedrosa, J. A., Martínez-Micaelo, N., Amigó, N., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1025032 · Cited by 7
Metabolite-sensing GPCRs controlling interactions between adipose tissue and inflammation
Duncan, E. M., Vita, L., Dibnah, B., & Hudson, B. D. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1197102 · Cited by 7
Mehdikhani, F., Ghahremani, H., Nabati, S., Tahmouri, H., Sirati‐Sabet, M., & Salami, S. (2019) · Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.12.3597 · Cited by 6
Onyango, M. G., Attardo, G. M., Kelly, E. T., Bialosuknia, S. M., Stout, J. L., Banker, E. M., Kuo, L., Ciota, A. T., & Kramer, L. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.642886 · Cited by 7
The therapeutic potential of ketone bodies in Parkinson’s disease
Thickbroom, G. W. (2021) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2021.1881483 · Cited by 7
Sturm, G., Monzel, A. S., Karan, K. R., Michelson, J., Ware, S. A., Cárdenas, A., Lin, J., Bris, C., Santhanam, B., Murphy, M. P., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.11.12.468448 · Cited by 7
TMEM135 is an LXR-inducible regulator of peroxisomal metabolismPreprint
Renquist, B. J., Madanayake, T. W., Hennebold, J. D., Ghimire, S., Geisler, C. E., Xu, Y., & Bogan, R. L. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/334979 · Cited by 8
Giunti, S., Blanco, M. G., Rosa, M. J. D., & Rayes, D. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.94520.3 · Cited by 6
Starvation-induced metabolic rewiring affects mTORC1 composition in vivo
Kaade, E., Mausbach, S., Nina, E., Sylvester, M., Shakeri, F., Jachimowicz, R. D., Gieselmann, V., & Thelen, M. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-78873-7 · Cited by 8
Jiang, S., Zhang, X., Chen, F., Zhao, Z., Zhang, C., & Sun, Y. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202402974r · Cited by 6
Protective nutrition strategy in the acute phase of critical illness: why, what and how to protect
Wang, Y., Li, Y., Li, N., Li, Y., Li, H., & Zhang, D. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1555311 · Cited by 8
“Ketogenesis primarily functions through the inhibition of histone deacetylases, reduction of oxidative stress, enhancement of mitochondrial efficiency, promotion of autophagy, and modulation of inflammation (83, 85– 87).”
Impact of Ramadan Intermittent fasting on patients with epilepsy: A clinical and laboratory study
Shaaban, S., Mohsen, S., Ayman, A., Nabil, R., Eladrousi, M., Algamal, R., & Hamdy, A. M. (2025) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110489 · Cited by 6
Su, Z., Sun, N., & Zheng, X. (2025) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-025-02888-3 · Cited by 6
“3-Hydroxybu-tyrate is produced during fatty acid metabolism, and it is synthesized as a backup energy source when glucose levels are low [33].”
Ketogenic Diet and Thyroid Function: A Delicate Metabolic Balancing Act
Vranjić, P., Vuković, M., Blažetić, S., & Viljetić, B. (2025) · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · doi:10.3390/cimb47090696 · Cited by 7
“Experimental findings suggests that BHB can modulate TRH and TSH secretion at the hypothalamic and pituitary levels, possibly dampening the drive for increased thyroid hormone production under low-glucose conditions [21,22].”
Das, R., Mohammad, N., Islam, M. S., Das, S., Abdullah, F., Kader, M. A., Mamun, M. A. A., Dutta, S., Unwin, D., & Mazák, I. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.93340 · Cited by 6
“Additional research indicates a reduction in inflammatory markers like high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), while dietary ketosis contributes to further metabolic health improvement [29-31].”
Pancreas meets brain: β-hydroxybutyrate as a novel “β-cellular” metabolism therapy
Lopa, C., Pietrangelo, D., Santulli, G., Gambardella, J., Rubattu, S., Stefan–Lifshitz, M., Garcia, C. N., Jankauskas, S. S., & Lombardi, A. (2025) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156419 · Cited by 8
The ketogenic diet in Parkinson’s disease: a potential therapeutic strategy
Pokora, B., Pokora, K., Binienda, A., & Fichna, J. (2025) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1007/s43440-025-00799-2 · Cited by 9
Neuroprotective and Cognitive Benefits of a Ketogenic Diet in a Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model
Tamer, S. A., Doğanay, S., Köse, F., Bolat, İ., & Ahmed, N. I. A. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-025-05328-z · Cited by 6
“The metabolic shift is characteristic of KD and has been proposed to confer neuroprotective benefits by providing an alternative energy substrate for neurons [40, 41].”
Kulkarni, C. V., Fardeen, T., Gubatan, J. M. B., Ye, J., Jarr, K. J., Dickson, E., Jang, H., Temby, M., Patel, A., Jiang, Y., et al. (2026) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04173-w · Cited by 7
Yu, M.-J., Xiong, R., Wu, J.-W., Li, Y., Xie, J., Zhou, H.-P., Ye, G.-Y., Chang, Y., Huang, K.-B., & Pan, S.-Y. (2026) · Acta Pharmacologica Sinica · doi:10.1038/s41401-025-01706-4 · Cited by 6
Zhou, L., Li, S., Wu, Y., Chen, Q., Hu, X., Jiang, J., Shi, Y., Shen, D., & Xie, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1223527 · Cited by 6
“As an ending product of ketogenesis and a marker offatty acid beta oxidation (25, 36), the different changes of BHBA between T and H groups suggested that patients receiving total thyroidectomy might stimulate a stronger fatty acid metabolism comparing with those of hemithyroidectomy.”
ResultWang, T., Ning, M., Mo, Y., Tian, X., Fu, Y., Laher, I., & Li, S. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13101167 · Cited by 6
“In addition, 3HB also serves as a signaling molecule of cellular functions [50].”
BackgroundThe impact of mild episodic ketosis on microglia and hippocampal long‐term depression in 5xFAD mice
Lucente, J. D., Ramsey, J. J., Jin, L., & Maezawa, I. (2024) · FASEB BioAdvances · doi:10.1096/fba.2024-00123 · Cited by 8
“15 Inhibition of potassium efflux through potassium channels may explain BHB's effects on NLRP3 inflammasome.”
InfluentialKetogenic Food Ameliorates Activity‐Based Anorexia of Adult Female Mice
Dong, Y., Lin, Y., Khatri, L., Chao, M. V., & Aoki, C. J. (2024) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24323 · Cited by 6
Acute exercise promotes WAT browning by remodeling mRNA m6A methylation.
Chen, W., Liu, Y.-H., Liu, J., Chen, Y.-S., & Wang, X.-X. (2024) · Life Science · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123269 · Cited by 6
Ketogenic Diet Reduces Age-Induced Chronic Neuroinflammation in Mice
Newman, J. C., Nomura, M., Murad, N. F., Madhavan, S. S., Mu, W., Eap, B., Garcia, T. Y., Aguirre, C. G., Verdin, E. M., Ellerby, L., et al. (2024) · doi:10.59368/agingbio.20240038 · Cited by 11
Self-citationKetogenic diet and β-hydroxybutyrate in osteoporosis: current progress and controversy
Luo, C., Dai, Z., He, W., He, Y., Yang, P. C., Huang, M., Li, J., Xu, Y., & Huang, W. G. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1508695 · Cited by 7
Ahlström, S., Thiblin, I., Jönsson, A. K., & Gréen, H. (2021) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110878 · Cited by 6
“Of these, the concentration of BHB rises the fastest in the ketogenetic process [2].”
BackgroundWang, W., Tanokashira, D., Shibayama, Y., Tsuji, R., Maruyama, M., Kuroiwa, C., Saito, T., Saido, T. C., & Taguchi, A. (2022) · Neuropsychopharmacology Reports · doi:10.1002/npr2.12257 · Cited by 5
Differential metabolites in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B and muscle mass loss
Liu, X., Han, L. S., Bi, S., Ding, X., Sheng, Q., Jiang, Y., Guan, G., Niu, Q., & Xue, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1068779 · Cited by 6
Coordinated Metabolic Responses Facilitate Cardiac Growth in Pregnancy and Exercise
Schulman-Geltzer, E. B., Collins, H. E., Hill, B. G., & Fulghum, K. (2023) · Current Heart Failure Reports · doi:10.1007/s11897-023-00622-0 · Cited by 6
Benea, I. C., Kántor, I., Todea, A., Pellis, A., Bîtcan, I., Nagy, L., Kéki, S., Dreavă, D. M., Péter, F., & Feczkó, T. (2023) · Reactive and Functional Polymers · doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2023.105702 · Cited by 8
Ito, M., Nishida, Y., Iwamoto, T., Kanai, A., Aoyama, S., Ueki, K., Uzawa, H., Iida, H., & Watada, H. (2024) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149960 · Cited by 8
Ketone bodies rescue T cell impairments induced by low glucose availability
Ferrari, A., Filoni, J., Dedda, C. D., Piemonti, L., & Monti, P. (2024) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-024-03469-w · Cited by 10
“We selected a 2mM BHB concentration as it is considered an optimal plasmatic target concentration during ketogenic diet regimens [12].”
Neuroregeneration Improved by Sodium-D,L-Beta-Hydroxybutyrate in Primary Neuronal Cultures
Ari, C., D’Agostino, D. P., & Cha, B. J. (2024) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph17091160 · Cited by 6
“It is believed that BHB can affect the production of GABA by increasing the synthesis while pushing the fate of glutamate toward GABA, away from aspartate [82].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Newman, J. C., & Verdin, E.
- Affiliations
- Gladstone Institutes (US)
- ORCID
- Verdin, Eric
- Venue
- Annual Review of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2017-08-21
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-76
- ISSN
- 0199-9885 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4312
- PMC
- PMC6640868
- OpenAlex
- W2747163024
- Cited by
- 872
- References
- 163
- Citations by year
- 2026: 146 · 2025: 160 · 2024: 126 · 2023: 100 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 4.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (K08AG048354)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R24DK085610)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Keywords
- beta-hydroxybutyrate, ketone bodies, signal transduction, epigenetic regulation, energy metabolism, fasting, starvation, physical activity, nutritional stress, aging
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Humans, Liver, Starvation, Signal Transduction, 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid, Epigenesis, Genetic
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