Biochemistry and Physiology of Mammalian Secreted Phospholipases A2
Abstract
Phospholipases A(2) (PLA2s) are esterases that hydrolyze the sn-2 ester of glycerophospholipids and constitute one of the largest families of lipid hydrolyzing enzymes. The mammalian genome contains 10 enzymatically active secreted PLA2s (sPLA2s) and two sPLA2-related proteins devoid of lipolytic enzymatic activity. In addition to the well-established functions of one of these enzymes in digestion of dietary phospholipids and another in host defense against bacterial infections, accumulating evidence shows that some of these sPLA2s are involved in arachidonic acid release from cellular phospholipids for the biosynthesis of eicosanoids, especially during inflammation. More speculative results suggest the involvement of one or more sPLA2s in promoting atherosclerosis and cancer. In addition, the mammalian genome encodes several types of sPLA2-binding proteins, and mounting evidence shows that sPLA2s may have functions related to binding to cellular target proteins in a manner independent of their lipolytic enzymatic activity.
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PLA2G2A can interact with integrins a4b1 and a5b1, allowing periportal hepatocytes to signal to HSC 1, HSC 2, Mac 1, Mac 2, and ECs.
“PLA2G2A, a secretory phospholipase32, can interact with integrins a4b1 and a5b1, allowing periportal hepatocytes to signal to HSC 1, HSC 2, Mac 1, Mac 2, and ECs.”
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- Authors
- Lambeau, G., & Gelb, M. H.
- Affiliations
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France;
- University of Washington (US)
- ORCID
- Gelb, Michael H.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2008-06-01
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 495-520
- ISSN
- 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4509
- OpenAlex
- W2120919525
- Cited by
- 513
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 46
- FWCI
- 3.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL050040, HL-50040, HL36235)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Keywords
- secretory phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid release, eicosanoid biosynthesis, inflammation, atherosclerosis, cancer, host defense against bacteria
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biochemistry, Biophysics, Catalysis, Humans, Inflammation, Kinetics, Lipids, Models, Biological, Models, Chemical, Models, Molecular, Eicosanoids, Arachidonic Acid, Atherosclerosis, Phospholipases A2, Secretory
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