Origins, Evolution, and Diversification of Zooplankton
Abstract
▪ Abstract Fossil plankton are difficult to identify but have formed a major component of most marine ecosystems throughout geological time. The earliest fossil heterotrophs include planktic forms, and subsequent adaptive innovations quickly appeared in the plankton; these include metazoans and animals with hard parts. Movement into the plankton occurred sporadically throughout geological history and seems to have been independent of any biological or environmental forcing mechanism. Subsequent radiations and extinctions in the cohort of plankton closely reflect events in the benthos. The diversity of zooplankton rose quickly during the early Paleozoic era, but low plankton diversity characterized the late Paleozoic. Significant radiations during early Mesozoic times led to an overall increase in diversity through the Phanerozoic eon. As the composition of the zooplankton has changed, so has their effect on biogeochemical cycles.
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The occupation of the water column by nektonic metazoans began already in the Cambrian.
“For example, the occupation of the water columnbynektonic metazoans began already in the Cambrian (Rigby & Milsom 2000, Butterfield 2001), but the nekton became important only in the Silurian and even more so in the Devonian, at the cost of large planktonic organisms (Bambach 1999; Kröger 2005; Klug et al. 2010, 2015a; Dahl et al. 2011).”
From Palaeozoic evolution of animal mouthparts (2017) · cites this paper as Rigby & Milsom 2000
Cites
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Palaeozoic evolution of animal mouthparts
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- Authors
- Rigby, S., & Milsom, C. V.
- Affiliations
- Liverpool John Moores University (GB)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 293-313
- ISSN
- 0066-4162 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2150598943
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics (publishedVersion)
- Research Space (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Keywords
- fossil plankton, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Phanerozoic, benthos, biogeochemical cycles
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