Particle-Imaging Techniques for Experimental Fluid Mechanics
Abstract
The field of fluid mechanics is rapidly advancing, driven by unprecedented volumes of data from experiments, field measurements, and large-scale simulations at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Machine learning (ML) offers a wealth of techniques to extract ...Read More
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PIV was used for verification of oil-painting-based flow visualizations.
“For the verification of the oil-painting-based flow visualizations we used the method of particle image velocimetry (PIV) [26].”
From Diving-Flight Aerodynamics of a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) (2014) · cites this paper as [26]
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Machine Learning for Fluid Mechanics
Brunton, S. L., Noack, B. R., & Koumoutsakos, P. (2020) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-010719-060214 · Cited by 3,063 · see citing works
“Experimental flow field measurements from particle image velocimetry (PIV) (Willert & Gharib 1991; Adrian 1991) provide a compelling application where there is a tension between local flow resolution and the size of the imaging domain.”
BackgroundPIVlab – Towards User-friendly, Affordable and Accurate Digital Particle Image Velocimetry in MATLAB
Thielicke, W., & Stamhuis, E. J. (2014) · Journal of Open Research Software · doi:10.5334/jors.bl · Cited by 2,408 · see citing works
“Detailed results of these tests are reported in [29] 2 .”
BackgroundVortex organization in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer
Adrian, R. J., Meinhart, C. D., & Tomkins, C. D. (2000) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112000001580 · Cited by 1,715 · see citing works
“The interrogation spots of the PIV measurements reported here are overlapped by 50%, to minimize aliasing of the velocity signal (Adrian 1991) and to provide velocity information at every point on a 1 mm× 1 mm grid.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationSoil deformation measurement using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and photogrammetry
White, D. J., Take, W. A., & Bolton, M. D. (2003) · Géotechnique · doi:10.1680/geot.2003.53.7.619 · Cited by 1,289 · see citing works
Tomographic particle image velocimetry
Elsinga, G. E., Scarano, F., Wieneke, B., et al. (2006) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-006-0212-z · Cited by 1,253 · see citing works
THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE
Sreenivasan, K. R., & Antonia, R. A. (1997) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.29.1.435 · Cited by 1,234 · see citing works
“Planar measurements of turbulent velocity fluctuations have now been made by several investigators (Adrian 1991).”
BackgroundA particle image velocimetry system for microfluidics
Santiago, J. G., Wereley, S. T., Meinhart, C. D., Beebe, D. J., & Adrian, R. J. (1998) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s003480050235 · Cited by 1,181 · see citing works
“Velocity measurements determined from particle streaks are less reliable and are about ten times less accurate than pulsed velocimetry measurements (Adrian 1991).”
MethodSelf-citationModes of vortex formation and frequency response of a freely vibrating cylinder
Govardhan, R. N., & WILLIAMSON, C. H. K. (2000) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112000001233 · Cited by 975 · see citing works
“Pairs of particle images were analysed using cross-correlation of sub-images described by Adrian (1991), and implemented digitally in the manner described by Willert & Gharib (1991) and Westerweel (1993).”
MethodSmall-Scale Properties of Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection
Lohse, D., & Xia, K. (2009) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165152 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
Soil deformation measurement using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and photogrammetry
White, D. J., Take, W. A., & Bolton, M. D. (2003) · Géotechnique · doi:10.1680/geot.53.7.619.37383 · Cited by 857 · see citing works
Iterative image deformation methods in PIV
Scarano, F. (2001) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/13/1/201 · Cited by 844 · see citing works
Bubble Formation and Bubble Rise Velocity in Gas−Liquid Systems: A Review
Kulkarni, A. A., & Joshi, J. B. (2005) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie049131p · Cited by 819 · see citing works
PIV measurements of a microchannel flow
Meinhart, C. D., Wereley, S. T., & Santiago, J. G. (1999) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s003480050366 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
“Consequently, all particles illuminated by the light sheet produce in-focus images, reducing background noise in the image field (Adrian 1991).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMechanical properties of nanoparticles: basics and applications
Guo, D., Xie, G., & Luo, J. (2013) · Journal of Physics D Applied Physics · doi:10.1088/0022-3727/47/1/013001 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
“PTV is an image-based velocimetry method of measuring the velocity field and tracking individual particles in fluidic systems [98, 99].”
MethodNext-generation in vivo optical imaging with short-wave infrared quantum dots
Bruns, O. T., Bischof, T. S., Harris, D. K., Franke, D., Shi, Y., Riedemann, L., Bartelt, A., Jaworski, F. B., Carr, J. A., Rowlands, C. J., et al. (2017) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-017-0056 · Cited by 686 · see citing works
Distortion compensation for generalized stereoscopic particle image velocimetry
Soloff, S. M., Adrian, R. J., & Liu, Z.-C. (1997) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/8/12/008 · Cited by 678 · see citing works
Self-citationA tissue-engineered jellyfish with biomimetic propulsion
Nawroth, J. C., Lee, H., Feinberg, A. W., Ripplinger, C. M., McCain, M. L., Grosberg, A., Dabiri, J. O., & Parker, K. K. (2012) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2269 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Particle tracking velocimetry in three-dimensional flows
Maas, H., Gruen, A., & Papantoniou, D. (1993) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/bf00190953 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
“It is sometimes defined as the low density range of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) ( Adrian 1991 ).”
BackgroundSpanwise structure and scale growth in turbulent boundary layers
Tomkins, C. D., & Adrian, R. J. (2003) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112003005251 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
“To this end, wide-view particle image velocimetry (Adrian 1991) measurements are performed in the streamwise–spanwise (x–z)-plane of a turbulent boundary layer at Reθ = 1015 and 7705.”
MethodSelf-citationScarano, F. (2010) · Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering · doi:10.1002/9780470686652.eae074 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Particle Image Velocimetry for Complex and Turbulent Flows
Westerweel, J., Elsinga, G. E., & Adrian, R. J. (2011) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-120710-101204 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Salvinia Paradox: Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Hydrophilic Pins for Air Retention Under Water
Barthlott, W., Schimmel, T., Wiersch, S., et al. (2010) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200904411 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Measurement of Stimulated Hawking Emission in an Analogue System
Weinfurtner, S., Tedford, E. W., Penrice, M. C. J., Unruh, W. G., & Lawrence, G. A. (2011) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.106.021302 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Iterative multigrid approach in PIV image processing with discrete window offset
Scarano, F., & Riethmuller, M. L. (1999) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s003480050318 · Cited by 540 · see citing works
“The problem of loss-of-pairs (Adrian 1991) strongly limits the possibility to reduce the size of the interrogation windows once the time interval Dt between the subsequent acquisitions”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDirect velocity measurements of the flow past drag-reducing ultrahydrophobic surfaces
Ou, J., & Rothstein, J. P. (2005) · Physics of Fluids · doi:10.1063/1.2109867 · Cited by 528 · see citing works
Large-scale particle image velocimetry for flow analysis in hydraulic engineering applications
FUJITA, I., Muste, M., & Kruger, A. (1998) · Journal of Hydraulic Research · doi:10.1080/00221689809498626 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Riethmuller, M. L., David, L., & Lecordier, B. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9781118569610.ch6 · Cited by 518 · see citing works
Motion of particles with inertia in a compressible free shear layer
Samimy, M., & Lele, S. K. (1991) · Physics of Fluids A Fluid Dynamics · doi:10.1063/1.857921 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
A PIV Algorithm for Estimating Time-Averaged Velocity Fields
Meinhart, C. D., Wereley, S. T., & Santiago, J. G. (2000) · Journal of Fluids Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.483256 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Effect of resolution on the speed and accuracy of particle image velocimetry interrogation
Prasad, A. K., Adrian, R. J., Landreth, C. C., et al. (1992) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/bf00218156 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
“Adrian (1991) suggests that for irregular particle images and imperfections arising from film grain, pixel readout noise, etc., the random error should scale with d,:”
BackgroundSelf-citationA quantitative study of three-dimensional Lagrangian particle tracking algorithms
Ouellette, N. T., Xu, H., & Bodenschatz, E. (2005) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-005-0068-7 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
Westerweel, J., Dabiri, D., & Gharib, M. (1997) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s003480050082 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
“It should be noted that cross-correlation analysis with a window offset is not new in itself: Keane and Adrian (1993) proposed to use a window offset equal to the in-plane displacement to optimize the detectability of the displacementcorrelation peak with respect to the random correlation peaks (the in-plane loss-of-p…”
MethodResultApplications of Holography in Fluid Mechanics and Particle Dynamics
Katz, J., & Sheng, J. (2009) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-121108-145508 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Improved image-based deformation measurement for geotechnical applications
Stanier, S., Blaber, J. A., Take, W. A., et al. (2015) · Canadian Geotechnical Journal · doi:10.1139/cgj-2015-0253 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
“ing particle image velocimetry (PIV) techniques (Adrian 1991) —”
MethodBed load transport in turbulent flow at the grain scale: Experiments and modeling
Lajeunesse, É., Malverti, L., & Charru, F. (2010) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2009jf001628 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
“[28] The vertical velocity profile of the flow was measured for several experimental runs using the Particle Imaging Velocity (PIV) method [Adrian, 1991].”
MethodLarge‐scale particle image velocimetry for measurements in riverine environments
Muste, M., FUJITA, I., & Hauet, A. (2008) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2008wr006950 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
“The first image-based quantitative instruments, generically labeled as particle image velocimetry (PIV), have greatly enhanced measurement techniques of instantaneous velocity vectors in a variety of laboratory flows [e.g., Adrian, 1991; Raffel et al., 1998].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialPedrizzetti, G., Claus, P., Kilner, P. J., et al. (2016) · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1186/s12968-016-0269-7 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
“On the other hand, a very high temporal resolution must be accompanied by a high spatial resolution, otherwise frame to frame displacements may become smaller than the dimensions of pixels and harder to detect [3].”
BackgroundMethodStereoscopic digital particle image velocimetry for application in wind tunnel flows
Willert, C. E. (1997) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/8/12/010 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Hydrodynamic Trail-Following in Harbor Seals ( <i>Phoca vitulina</i> )
Dehnhardt, G., Mauck, B., Hanke, W., & Bleckmann, H. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1060514 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
A hybrid digital particle tracking velocimetry technique
Cowen, E. A., Monismith, S. G., Cowen, E. A., et al. (1997) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s003480050038 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
“(7), derived by Adrian (1991) for the difference between particle and fluid motion, in Sect.”
BackgroundMicro-Particle Image Velocimetry (µPIV): Recent developments, applications, and guidelines
Lindken, R., Rossi, M., Große, S., & Westerweel, J. (2009) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/b906558j · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Jet vectoring using synthetic jets
Smith, B. L., & Glezer, A. (2002) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112001007406 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
“Distributions of the two orthogonal velocity components in planar cross-sections of the flow field are obtained from successive image pairs of seed particles (smoke or theatre fog particles of 5–20 µm in diameter introduced at the blower inlet) using cross-correlation algorithms (Adrian 1991).”
MethodDense estimation of fluid flows
Corpetti, T., Mémin, É., & Pérez, P. (2002) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.990137 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
“In the field of fluid mechanics, experimental imaging techniques now routinely produce various types of videos which constitute a unique source of information for both applied and theoretical studies [1], [43], [46].”
BackgroundRecent Advances in Micro-Particle Image Velocimetry
Wereley, S. T., & Meinhart, C. D. (2009) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-121108-145427 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
“In macroscale PIV, flow-tracing particles are usually illuminated by a sheet of light, which defines the measurement plane (Adrian 1991).”
Message Passing Algorithms for Scalable Multitarget Tracking
Meyer, F., Kropfreiter, T., Williams, J. L., Lau, R., Hlawatsch, F., Braca, P., & Win, M. Z. (2018) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2018.2789427 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
“Since the first MTT methods were introduced for aerospace surveillance some 40 years ago [5], [6], the field has experienced an intense development, and MTT methods have proven useful in further surveillance scenarios [7]–[9] as well as in biomedical analytics [10]–[12].”
Particle tracking velocimetry in three-dimensional flows
Malik, N. A., Dracos, T., & Papantoniou, D. (1993) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/bf00223406 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Experimental modelling of orogenic wedges: A review
Graveleau, F., Malavieille, J., & Dominguez, S. (2012) · Tectonophysics · doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.01.027 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Particle image velocimetry: A review
Grant, I. (1997) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science · doi:10.1243/0954406971521665 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Green Algae as Model Organisms for Biological Fluid Dynamics
Goldstein, R. E. (2014) · Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-010313-141426 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
“Finally, cell bodies can be tracked via their natural autofluorescence, along with fluorescent microspheres used for PIV.”
MethodInfluentialMolecular Characterization of Polymer Networks
Danielsen, S. P. O., Beech, H. K., Wang, S., El-Zaatari, B. M., Wang, X., Sapir, L., Ouchi, T., Wang, Z., Johnson, P. N., Hu, Y., et al. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01304 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Hong, G., Pedrizzetti, G., Tonti, G., et al. (2008) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.06.008 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
“Recent advances in fluid dynamics and PIV rovide the technical means to track and quantify the inematics and velocity field within the LV with the elp of low doses of contrast agents (7,9,14).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRiemann wave description of erosional dam-break flows
Fraccarollo, L., & Capart, H. (2002) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112002008455 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
“Recent developments in imaging methods (for a review of fluid mechanics applications, see Adrian 1991) provide new solutions to this problem.”
MethodLiu, T., & Shen, L. (2008) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112008003273 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
“Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a widely used technique based on local spatial correlation between two successive particle images for global measurements of velocity fields (Adrian 1991; Raffel, Willert & Kompenhans 1998).”
MethodTransition to turbulence in constant-mass-flux pipe flow
Darbyshire, A. G., & Mullin, T. (1995) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112095001248 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
“experiments have raised the maximum upper critical Re observed to a value in excess of lo5 (Pfenniger 1961). However, the minimum lower critical value for transition to occur has remained close to the value obtained by Reynolds. Studies by Binnie & Fowler (1947), Lindgren (1958), Leite (1959) and Wygnanski & Champagne…”
BackgroundInfluentialDynamic ranges of velocity and spatial resolution of particle image velocimetry
Adrian, R. J. (1997) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/8/12/003 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Self-citationStereoscopic particle image velocimetry applied to liquid flows
Prasad, A. K., & Adrian, R. J. (1993) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/bf00195595 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
“However, the required depth of field, 6z, is very much larger than in the translation method. Adrian (1991) gives:”
MethodSelf-citationFriction, Cooling and Lubrication in Grinding
Brinksmeier, E., Heinzel, C., & Wittmann, M. (1999) · CIRP Annals · doi:10.1016/s0007-8506(07)63236-3 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Low cost, high resolution DPIV for measurement of turbulent fluid flow
Fincham, A., & SPEDDING, G. R. (1997) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s003480050135 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
“Experimental details of physical particles properties and lighting systems can be complex, and will not be discussed here, (cf. Adrian 1991).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSoria, J. (1996) · Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science · doi:10.1016/0894-1777(95)00086-0 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
PIV uncertainty quantification by image matching
Sciacchitano, A., Wieneke, B., & Scarano, F. (2013) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/24/4/045302 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
“Particle motion through the measurement plane is recognized as one of the main sources of measurement uncertainty (Adrian 1991, Nobach and Bodenschatz 2009).”
BackgroundAn integrated AC electrokinetic pump in a microfluidic loop for fast and tunable flow control
Studer, V., Pépin, A., Chen, Y., et al. (2004) · The Analyst · doi:10.1039/b408382m · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Lagrangian analysis of fluid transport in empirical vortex ring flows
Shadden, S. C., Dabiri, J. O., & Marsden, J. E. (2006) · Physics of Fluids · doi:10.1063/1.2189885 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie
Physik, Schultz-Coulon, H.-C., Herrmann, N., Levin, I., & Ostrowski, A. (2007) · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Fracture of sandstone characterized by digital image correlation
Lin, Q., & Labuz, J. F. (2013) · International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.12.043 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Long-Range Correlations in Sedimentation
Segre, P., Herbolzheimer, E., & Chaikin, P. M. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.79.2574 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
DeJong, J. T., & Westgate, Z. J. (2009) · Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2009)135:11(1646 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
A synthetic Schlieren method for the measurement of the topography of a liquid interface
Moisy, F., Rabaud, M., & Salsac, K. (2009) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-008-0608-z · Cited by 275 · see citing works
“In fluid mechanics, apart from synthetic Schlieren applications, DIC algorithms are mostly used in particle image velocimetry (PIV) applications, where the velocity field is given by the displacement field of tracer particles per unit of sampling time (Adrian 1991; Raffel et al. 1998).”
MethodKinoshita, H., Kaneda, S., Fujii, T., et al. (2006) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/b617391h · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Brenner, H. (2004) · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/j.physa.2004.10.034 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Velocity fidelity of flow tracer particles
Mei, R. (1996) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/bf01893300 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
“In using modern optical techniques to measure fluid velocity field, such as laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV), particle image velocimetry (PIV), particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), and holographic particle image velocimetry (HPIV), tracer particles are seeded in fl0w fields that may be inherently threedimensional and u…”
MethodUncertainty quantification in particle image velocimetry
Sciacchitano, A. (2019) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/1361-6501/ab1db8 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
“The theory confirms the results of previous Monte Carlo simulations (Adrian 1991, Willert 1996) that the minimum error occurs for dτ = 2 pixels, and that larger particle image diameters yield increased random errors (figure 5).”
ResultMomentum and scalar transport at the turbulent/non-turbulent interface of a jet
Westerweel, J., FUKUSHIMA, C., Pedersen, J. M., et al. (2009) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112009006600 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
“In the case of experimental PIV data, even for an irrotational flow finite values for 〈ω(2) z〉 are found as a result of the finite measurement error in the displacement (Adrian 1991; Westerweel 2000).”
BackgroundFluid experimental flow estimation based on an optical-flow scheme
Corpetti, T., Heitz, D., Arroyo, G., Mémin, É., & Cruz, A. S. (2005) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-005-0048-y · Cited by 268 · see citing works
“See for instance (Adrian 1991; Raffel et al. 2000) for an extended bibliography on the subject.”
BackgroundScheimpflug stereocamera for particle image velocimetry in liquid flows
Prasad, A. K., & Jensen, K. D. (1995) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.34.007092 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Hosokawa, K., Sato, K., Ichikawa, N., et al. (2004) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/b403930k · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Harbor seal vibrissa morphology suppresses vortex-induced vibrations
Hanke, W., Witte, M., Miersch, L., Brede, M., Oeffner, J., Michael, M., Hanke, F. D., Leder, A., & Dehnhardt, G. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.043216 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
“Micro-stereo particle image velocimetry Particle image velocimetry (PIV) analyzes the movements of neutrally buoyant particles that are added to the flow and filmed in selected layers (Adrian, 1991).”
BackgroundLozano-Durán, A., & Jiménez, J. (2014) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/jfm.2014.575 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
“Particle-image velocimetry (PIV) experiments in the 1990s provided two-dimensional flow sections, and linked the groups of ejections to ramp-like low-momentum regions (Adrian 1991, 2005).”
Emerging Trends in CV Flow Visualization
Sengupta, P. P., Pedrizzetti, G., Kilner, P. J., Kheradvar, A., Ebbers, T., Tonti, G., Fraser, A. G., & Narula, J. (2012) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.01.003 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
“Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a popular technique to characterize the flow field in fluid dynamics laboratories (22,23).”
MethodSuper-resolution particle imaging velocimetry
Keane, R. D., Adrian, R. J., & Zhang, Y. (1995) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/6/6/013 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Self-citationHart, D. P. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-56963-0_2 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
“This is consistent with errors conjectured by Adrian (1991) and analyzed in detail by Westerweel, Dabiri, and Gharib (1997).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialDetailed flow patterns in the nasal cavity
Kelly, J. T., Prasad, A. K., & Wexler, A. S. (2000) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.323 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
“Postprocessing yields two- or three-dimensional instantaneous velocity vectors within the illuminated plane (1, 15).”
BackgroundCavitation microstreaming patterns in single and multiple bubble systems
Tho, P., Manasseh, R., & Ooi, A. S. H. (2007) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112006004393 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
“The tracer particle images are resolved over roughly 4–5 pixels according to the formulation provided by Adrian & Yao (1985). The particle image must be large enough to be resolved so that its displacement can be calculated in micro-PIV analysis. Wereley & Meinhart (2003) suggest that particle images should be resolve…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLovalenti, P. M., & Brady, J. F. (1993) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112093002885 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
“Determining unsteady hydrodynamic forces in these flows is necessary to determine particle motion, which has obvious implications for particle dispersion and deposition, particle-image velocimetry measurements (Adrian 1991), etc.”
BackgroundExperimental study of eddy structures in a turbulent boundary layer using particle image velocimetry
Carlier, J., & Stanislas, M. (2005) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112005004751 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
“Owing to technical progress, particle image velocimetry (PIV) has developed rapidly in the last ten years and is now a widely used technique for investigations where the spatial distribution of the velocity helps us to understand the physics of the flow, see Adrian (1991). Although it is not yet well time-resolved, th…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSinton, D. A. (2004) · Microfluidics and Nanofluidics · doi:10.1007/s10404-004-0009-4 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Phase-conjugate holographic system for high-resolution particle-image velocimetry
Barnhart, D. H., Adrian, R. J., & Papen, G. C. (1994) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.33.007159 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
“In outline, the interrogation involves three steps: (1) measurement of the 2-D displacements of the images recorded and reconstructed through L11-PlL12, (2) measurement of the two-dimensional displacements of the images recorded and reconstructed through L21-P2-L22 , and (3) computation of the 3-D displacements from t…”
MethodSelf-citationMapping mantle flow during retreating subduction: Laboratory models analyzed by feature tracking
Funiciello, F., Moroni, M., Piromallo, C., Faccenna, C., Cenedese, A., & Bui, H. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jb003792 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Variational fluid flow measurements from image sequences: synopsis and perspectives
Heitz, D., Mémin, É., & Schnörr, C. (2009) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-009-0778-3 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
“Applications include image indexing, video compression, velocity measurement in experimental fluid mechanics ( PIV methods (Adrian, 1991)), and atmospheric wind field estimation in meteorology.”
The Boundary Layer of Swimming Fish
Anderson, E. J., McGillis, W. R., & Grosenbaugh, M. A. (2001) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.204.1.81 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Abram, C., Fond, B., & Beyrau, F. (2017) · Progress in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2017.09.001 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Naves, J., Anta, J., Puertas, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.05.003 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Holographic particle image velocimetry: from film to digital recording
Meng, H., Pan, G., Pu, Y., et al. (2004) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/15/4/009 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
“Prior to that transition, film-based PIV had been developed for over a decade (Pickering and Halliwell 1985) and PIV theory was well established (Adrian 1991).”
Rheological stratification in experimental free-surface flows of granular–liquid mixtures
Armanini, A., Capart, H., Fraccarollo, L., et al. (2005) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112005004283 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
“The PTV estimate of the x-wise velocity history of the particle is given by (e.g. Adrian 1991) û(n) = x̂(n+1) − x̂(n) t (n+1) − t (n) , (A 1) where x̂(n) is the measured position of the particle sampled at regularly spaced instants t (n) = n t .”
MethodKheradvar, A., Houle, H. C., Pedrizzetti, G., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2009.09.007 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
“D-PIV is an optical method used to obtain flow characteristic information (eg, velocity and vorticity fields) from the analysis of a pair of images to determine the displacement field of the particles in the field of view (sampling window) by cross-correlating pixels in a subsection of two images.(13) D-PIV acquisitio…”
MethodSreenivasan, K. R. (1999) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.71.s383 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Fluid mechanics of a spinner‐flask bioreactor
Sucosky, P., Osorio, D., Brown, J. B., & Neitzel, G. P. (2003) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.10788 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“This technique has been studied extensively and improved during the last few years (Adrian, 1991; Willert and Gharib, 1991; Westerweel, 1997).”
MethodPIV optimization for the study of turbulent flow using spectral analysis
Foucaut, J.-M., Carlier, J., & Stanislas, M. (2004) · Measurement Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0957-0233/15/6/003 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Properties of large-amplitude internal waves
Grue, J., Jensen, A., Rusås, P.-O., et al. (1999) · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · doi:10.1017/s0022112098003528 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
“Adrian (1991). We shall here use the PTV method developed by Dalziel (1992) to measure the properties of the waves.”
MethodLima, R. A., Wada, S., Tanaka, S., et al. (2007) · Biomedical Microdevices · doi:10.1007/s10544-007-9121-z · Cited by 201 · see citing works
“…because of advances in computers, optics, and digital image processing techniques, it has become possible to combine a conventional particle image velocimetry (PIV) system (Adrian 1991; Raffel et al. 1998) with an inverted epifluorescent microscope (Santiago et al. 1998; Koutsiaris et al. 1999).”
MethodAnalysis and treatment of errors due to high velocity gradients in particle image velocimetry
Meunier, P., & Leweke, T. (2003) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-003-0673-2 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
“An additional well-known limitation for Dt is given by the fact that the particle displacement between images should not exceed about a third of the correlation window size (Adrian 1991), in order to prevent excessive in-plane loss of pairs in the first correlation run with fixed windows.”
Influential
- Authors
- Adrian, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Adrian, Ronald J.
- ORCID
- Adrian, Ronald J.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1991-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 261-304
- ISSN
- 0066-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4479
- OpenAlex
- W2118944048
- Cited by
- 3,405
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 108 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 94 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 122 · 2019: 116 · 2018: 102 · 2017: 134 · 2016: 106 · 2015: 126 · 2014: 128 · 2013: 146 · 2012: 136
- FWCI
- 48.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
- Keywords
- particle imaging, particle image velocimetry, flow visualization, experimental fluid mechanics, machine learning, spatial and temporal scales
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