The DOI matches its Crossref record; 142 of the 142 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis
Abstract
Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant-cell arteritis are closely related disorders that affect people of middle age and older. They frequently occur together. Both are syndromes of unknown cause, but genetic and environmental factors might have a role in their pathogenesis. The symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica seem to be related to synovitis of proximal joints and extra-articular synovial structures. Giant-cell arteritis primarily affects the aorta and its extracranial branches. The clinical findings in giant-cell arteritis are broad, but commonly include visual loss, headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, cerebrovascular accidents, aortic arch syndrome, thoracic aorta aneurysm, and dissection. Glucocorticosteroids are the cornerstone of treatment of both polymyalgia rheumatica and giant-cell arteritis. Some patients have a chronic course and might need glucocorticosteroids for several years. Adverse events of glucocorticosteroids affect more than 50% of patients. Trials of steroid-sparing drugs have yielded conflicting results. A greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis should provide new targets for therapy.
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Cites
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The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of giant cell arteritis
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Self-citationPolymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant-Cell Arteritis
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Self-citationAlendronate for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis
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Cited by
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Prognosis and management of polymyalgia rheumatica.
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Haanen, J., Ernstoff, M. S., Wang, Y., Menzies, A. M., Puzanov, I., Grivas, P., Larkin, J., Peters, S., Thompson, J. A., & Obeid, M. (2020) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.285 · Cited by 222
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ettlinger, R. E., Hunder, G. G., & Ward, L. E.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Medicine
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1978-02
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-22
- ISSN
- 0066-4219 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-326X
- OpenAlex
- W2023249120
- Cited by
- 687
- References
- 142
- FWCI
- 7.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.me.29.020178.000311
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- Ettlinger, R. E., Hunder, G. G., & Ward, L. E. (1978). Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis. Annual Review of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.29.020178.000311
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
