The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
CO AS A CELLULAR SIGNALING MOLECULE
Abstract
▪ Abstract Many biological functions of heme oxygenase (HO), such as cytoprotection against oxidative stress, vasodilation, neurotransmission in the central or peripheral nervous systems, and anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, or anti-proliferative potential, have been attributed to its enzymatic byproduct carbon monoxide (CO), although roles for biliverdin/bilirubin and iron have also been proposed. In addition to these well-characterized effects, recent findings reveal that HO-derived CO may act as an oxygen sensor and circadian modulator of heme biosynthesis. In lymphocytes, CO may participate in regulatory T cell function. A number of the known signaling effects of CO depend on stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase and/or activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Furthermore, modulation of caveolin-1 status may serve as an essential component of certain aspects of CO action, such as growth control. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the beneficial or detrimental effects of endogenous CO with an emphasis on the signaling pathways and downstream targets that trigger the action of this gas.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells
Fontenot, J. D., Gavin, M. A., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni904 · Cited by 7,745
Sakaguchi, S., Sakaguchi, N., Asano, M., Itoh, M., & Toda, M. (1995) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.155.3.1151 · Cited by 5,608
Mutagenesis and Mapping of a Mouse Gene, Clock , Essential for Circadian Behavior
Vitaterna, M. H., King, D. P., Chang, A.-M., Kornhauser, J. M., Lowrey, P. L., McDonald, J. D., Dove, W. F., Pinto, L. H., Turek, F. W., & Takahashi, J. S. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8171325 · Cited by 1,632
Heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide signaling pathways: Regulation and functional significance
Ryter, S. W., Otterbein, L. E., Morse, D., & Choi, A. M. K. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1023/a:1015957026924 · Cited by 497
Self-citationBraun, S., Hanselmann, C., Gassmann, M. G., auf dem Keller, U., Born-Berclaz, C., Chan, K., Kan, Y. W., & Werner, S. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.15.5492-5505.2002 · Cited by 410
Regulation of PDGF signalling and vascular remodelling by peroxiredoxin II
Choi, M. H., Lee, I. K., Kim, G. W., Kim, B. U., Han, Y.-H., Yu, D.-Y., Park, H. S., Kim, K. Y., Lee, J. S., Choi, C., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03587 · Cited by 403
Laminar Flow Induction of Antioxidant Response Element-mediated Genes in Endothelial Cells
Chen, X.-L., Varner, S. E., Rao, A. S., Grey, J. Y., Thomas, S., Cook, C. K., Wasserman, M. A., Medford, R. M., Jaiswal, A. K., & Kunsch, C. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m203161200 · Cited by 333
Zhang, X., Shan, P., Otterbein, L. E., Alam, J., Flavell, R. A., Davis, R. J., Choi, A. M. K., & Lee, P. J. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m208419200 · Cited by 288
Self-citationZhang, X., Shan, P., Alam, J., Fu, X.-Y., & Lee, P. J. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m408092200 · Cited by 198
Cited by
Mechanisms of Cell Protection by Heme Oxygenase-1
Gozzelino, R., Jeney, V., & Soares, M. P. (2010) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105600 · Cited by 1,241
Heme oxygenase-1: from biology to therapeutic potential
Soares, M. P., & Bach, F. H. (2009) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2008.12.004 · Cited by 257
A central role for free heme in the pathogenesis of severe malaria: the missing link?
Ferreira, A., Balla, J., Jeney, V., Balla, G., & Soares, M. P. (2008) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-008-0368-5 · Cited by 205
Scragg, J. L., Dallas, M. L., Wilkinson, J. A., Varadi, G., & Peers, C. (2008) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m803037200 · Cited by 133
Immunoregulatory effects of HO-1: how does it work?
Soares, M. P., Marguti, I., Cunha, A., & Larsen, R. (2009) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2009.05.008 · Cited by 97
Metadata
- Authors
- Kim, H. P., Ryter, S. W., & Choi, A. M. K.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2006-02-01
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 411-449
- ISSN
- 0362-1642 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4304
- OpenAlex
- W2171931467
- Cited by
- 426
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 1.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: CO AS A CELLULAR SIGNALING MOLECULE. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141053
- The paper
- Kim, H. P., Ryter, S. W., & Choi, A. M. K. (2006). CO AS A CELLULAR SIGNALING MOLECULE. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141053
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
