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Health in All Policies—The Finnish Initiative: Background, Principles, and Current Issues
Abstract
Many historical developments, such as the Alma Ata Declaration or the Ottawa Charter, have drawn attention to the need for intersectoral work and for considering the health aspects of different policy proposals. In the 1970s, Finland started broad actions to change national diets to reduce the high mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This and other work in Finland have involved many sectors and policies, resulted in significant public health improvements, and paved the way for the Health in All Policies (HiAP) initiative started during the Finnish European Union (EU) presidency in 2006. The initiative and the principles have encouraged further developments in Finland and have been linked with related developments within the EU and the World Health Organization (WHO).
Overview
Integrity signals
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Cites
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Targeted dietary habits improved substantially, with associated declines in population blood cholesterol and blood pressure levels and rates of CHD.59,60”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“In North Karelia, Finland, a media- and education-based community intervention successfully reduced consumption of butter, whole-fat dairy, nonlean meats, and salt and increased consumption of vegetable-oil margarine and vegetable oils, low-fat dairy, lean meats, vegetables, berries, and fruit.59,60”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“For example, after 1977, when the North Karelia project was extended nationally, the original media- and education-focused approach was supplemented with substantial focus on changing the food environment by means of voluntary agreements with industry, changes in food subsidies and taxation, and governments-supported programs to increase local production and consumption of fruits and vegetables”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“In comparison, community and national programs in Finland, Singapore, and Mauritius used media and education campaigns as central elements of larger multicomponent interventions that leveraged other strategies, such as alterations in physical environments and changes in taxation and subsidies, to support a healthful lifestyle.60,64,65”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“This is supported by experiences in Finland, in which the national extension of a community-based media and education campaign to improve diet was accompanied by modifications of several existing agricultural, subsidy, and taxation laws over time to support the production of healthier foods.60”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“As described above, coordinated changes in agricultural, subsidy, and taxation policies in Finland led to decreased consumption of animal fats and increased consumption of vegetable oils and berries, with substantial and sustained reductions in population CVD risk factors and incidence.59,60”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“In addition to observational studies and shorter-term interventions, national interventions and natural experiments suggest that changes in food pricing can substantially alter risk of clinical events over relatively short time periods.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“From the 1970s to the late 1990s, mean daily salt consumption in Finland declined from about 14 to 15 g in men (unknown in women) to about 11 g in men and 7 g in women; mean diastolic blood pressure declined by 5% in men and 13% in women; and mean total blood cholesterol declined by almost 20%.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“Age-adjusted CHD mortality decreased by 65%, with about three quarters of this decrease estimated to be related to improvements in population risk factors rather than medical treatments.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [60]
Citations
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 31 · Cited by 165
Research works printed but not linked: 14
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Metadata
- Authors
- Puska, P., & Ståhl, T.
- Affiliations
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Public Health
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2010-03-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 315-328
- ISSN
- 0163-7525 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2093
- OpenAlex
- W2165206130
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 3.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- WOS
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Public Health Policies and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Community Health and Development
- Keywords
- Health in All Policies, intersectoral collaboration, Finland, cardiovascular disease prevention, Alma-Ata Declaration, Ottawa Charter, EU presidency, World Health Organization, public health policy
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Congresses as Topic, Feeding Behavior, Finland, Health Policy, Health Promotion, Humans, Publications, Internationality
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Health in All Policies—The Finnish Initiative: Background, Principles, and Current Issues. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103658
- The paper
- Puska, P., & Ståhl, T. (2010). Health in All Policies—The Finnish Initiative: Background, Principles, and Current Issues. Annual Review of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103658
