The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Extending and formalizing the framework for information systems architecture
Abstract
John Zachman introduced a framework for information systems architecture (ISA) that has been widely adopted by systems analysts and database designers. It provides a taxonomy for relating the concepts that describe the real work to the concepts that describe an information system and its implementation. The ISA framework has a simple elegance that makes it easy to remember, yet it draws attention to fundamental distinctions that are often overlooked in systems design. This paper presents the framework and its recent extensions and shows how it can be formalized in the notation of conceptual graphs.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Entity Relationship Model — Toward a Unified View of Data
Chen, P. P.-S. (2002) · Software Pioneers · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59412-0_18 · Cited by 5,751
A framework for information systems architecture
Zachman, J. A. (1987) · IBM Systems Journal · doi:10.1147/sj.263.0276 · Cited by 3,228
Self-citationElectronic markets and electronic hierarchies
Malone, T. W., Yates, J., & Benjamin, R. I. (1987) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/214762.214766 · Cited by 2,990
Conceptual Structures: Information Processing in Mind and Machine
Sowa, J. F. (1983) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 2,762
Self-citationEncyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence
(2009) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-59904-849-9 · Cited by 1,396
Cited by
A method for taxonomy development and its application in information systems
Nickerson, R. C., Varshney, U., & Muntermann, J. (2013) · European Journal of Information Systems · doi:10.1057/ejis.2012.26 · Cited by 1,143
Enterprise modelling: Research review and outlook
Vernadat, F. (2020) · Computers in Industry · doi:10.1016/j.compind.2020.103265 · Cited by 92
eHealth integration and interoperability issues: Towards a solution through enterprise architecture
Adenuga, O. A., Kekwaletswe, R. M., & Coleman, A. (2015) · Health Information Science and Systems · doi:10.1186/s13755-015-0009-7 · Cited by 67
Metadata
- Authors
- Sowa, J. F., & Zachman, J. A.
- Venue
- IBM Systems Journal
- Publisher
- IBM
- Published
- 1992
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 590-616
- ISSN
- 0018-8670 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2056488422
- Cited by
- 1,020
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 20.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Extending and formalizing the framework for information systems architecture. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1147/sj.313.0590
- The paper
- Sowa, J. F., & Zachman, J. A. (1992). Extending and formalizing the framework for information systems architecture. IBM Systems Journal. https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.313.0590
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.