Cited by 369Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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The Neurobiology of Cocaine Addiction

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Nestler, Eric·2005·Science & Practice Perspectives

DOI 10.1151/spp05314PMC PMC2851032

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Abstract

Cocaine produces its psychoactive and addictive effects primarily by acting on the brain's limbic system, a set of interconnected regions that regulate pleasure and motivation. An initial, short-term effect -- a buildup of the neurochemical dopamine -- gives rise to euphoria and a desire to take the drug again. Researchers are seeking to understand how cocaine's many longer term effects produce addiction's persistent cravings and risk of relapse. In the author's laboratory, work has focused on buildup of the genetic transcription factor DeltaFosB. Levels of DeltaFosB in the limbic system correlate with addiction-like behaviors in mice and may precipitate very long-lasting changes to nerve cell structure. Further pursuit of this and similar leads are first steps toward a complete understanding of the transition from cocaine abuse to addiction -- and, ultimately, more effective treatments for those who are addicted.

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Authors: Nestler, E.
Affiliations: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Nestler, Eric
ORCID: Nestler, Eric
Venue: Science & Practice Perspectives
Publisher: NIDA/RTI International
Published: 2005-12
Volume: 3
Issue: 1
Pages: 4-10
ISSN: 1930-4307 (ISSN-L)
1930-4315
DOI: 10.1151/spp05314
PMC: PMC2851032
OpenAlex: W2037400076
Cited by: 367
References: 11
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 0.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Science & Practice Perspectives (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Drug Abuse (K05 DA 00404, K05DA000404, P01DA08227, R37 DA 07359, R37DA007359, P01DA008227)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: cocaine dependence, limbic system, dopamine, ΔFosB, transcription factors, addiction-like behavior, relapse, neuroplasticity, drug craving, addiction treatment
MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Limbic System, Models, Neurological, Behavior, Addictive, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos, Cocaine-Related Disorders

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The Neurobiology of Cocaine Addiction

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