Hypochlorous acid and chloramines increase endothelial permeability: possible involvement of cellular zinc
Abstract
The migration of neutrophils through the endothelium at sites of inflammation may be facilitated by oxidant-mediated disruption of cellular junctions. The present study examined the effects of noncytotoxic concentrations of the membrane-penetrating neutrophil oxidants hypochlorous acid (HOCI) and monochloramine (NH2Cl), or the membrane-impermeant taurine chloramine (taurine NCl), on cultured bovine aorta endothelial monolayers. HOCl (25 microM) or NH2Cl (10 microM), but not taurine NCl (100 microM), caused a reversible shortening of the cytoskeletal actin microfilaments, cell retraction, and increased permeability within 2 min. These effects were accompanied by an increase in intracellular zinc concentration as well as the oxidation of intracellular glutathione and protein sulfhydryls. The zinc ionophore pyrithione also increased permeability. HOCl or NH2Cl, but not taurine NCl, also rapidly increased microvascular permeability in isolated perfused rat lungs. The data suggest that HOCl and NH2Cl can increase endothelial permeability by causing very rapid cytoskeletal shortening and cell retraction, possibly as a result of the oxidation of intracellular sulfhydryls and mobilization of zinc.
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Chloramines are membrane penetrating oxidants and react rapidly with sulphhydryl groups of proteins in the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix, causing disruption of tight junctions and an almost immediate increase in epithelial permeability.
“Chloramines are membrane penetrating oxidants and react rapidly with sulphhydryl groups of proteins in the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix causing disruption of tight junctions and an almost immediate increase in epithelial permeability, as shown in in vitro studies [ (Tatsumi and Fliss 1994;Nakamura et al. 1995;Musch et al. 1999), as cited by Carbonnelle et al. (2002)].”
From Inorganic chloramines: a critical review of the toxicological and epidemiological evidence as a basis for occupational exposure limit setting (2020) · cites this paper as Tatsumi and Fliss 1994
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Bernard, A., Carbonnelle, S., Michel, O., Higuet, S., de Burbure, C., Buchet, J.-P., Hermans, C., Dumont, X., & Doyle, I. (2003) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.60.6.385 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Malle, E., Waeg, G., Schreiber, R., Gröne, E. F., Sattler, W., & Gröne, H. (2000) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01498.x · Cited by 245 · see citing works
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Carbonnelle, S., Francaux, M., Doyle, I., Dumont, X., Burbure, C. D., Morel, G., Michel, O., & Bernard, A. (2002) · Biomarkers · doi:10.1080/13547500210166612 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
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Hypochlorous Acid and Taurine-N-Monochloramine in Periodontal Diseases
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Topical Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl) as a Potential Treatment of Pruritus
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Chlorine, Chlorination By-Products and Their Allergic and Respiratory Health Effects
Kohlhammer, Y., & Heinrich, J. (2007) · Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews · doi:10.2174/157339807779941839 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tatsumi, T., & Fliss, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1994-10-01
- Volume
- 267
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- H1597-H1607
- ISSN
- 0363-6135 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1539
- OpenAlex
- W2208875894
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- hypochlorous acid, monochloramine, taurine chloramine, endothelial permeability, neutrophil migration, cell retraction, intracellular zinc, glutathione oxidation, sulfhydryl oxidation, pyrithione, microvascular permeability, lung, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Animals, Aorta, Cattle, Cell Membrane Permeability, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Chloramines, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Endothelium, Vascular, Hypochlorous Acid, Lung, Male, Microcirculation, Actin Cytoskeleton, Perfusion, Pulmonary Circulation, Pyridines, Taurine, Thiones, Zinc, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, In Vitro Techniques
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