The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Effect of aging alone on mechanical properties of the normal adult human lung
Abstract
For plethysmographic studies of respiratory mechanics, we selected, from a general population, 51 subjects, aged 25-75 yr, who had never smoked, had no present or past cardiorespiratory symptoms or disease, were alpha1-antitrypsin MM phenotypes, and were normal by physical examination, vectorcardiography, and chest roentgenography. Approximately equal numbers of men and women were represented in each of three age groups; 25-35, 36-64, and 65-75. Both sexes demonstrated loss of lung elastic recoil with age, most significant at high lung volumes, but the rate of loss was less than previously reported. Males had higher lung recoil than females of comparable age, but if lung size was taken into account, there were no sex differences in bulk elastic properties. Maximum expiratory flow diminished with age only at low volumes, suggesting that equal pressure points are more centrally located at low lung volumes in the elderly.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In the group with an emphysema score greater than 5 we found a linear negative correlation between the extent of emphysema and percent of predicted elastic recoil at 90 O/% total lung capacity (r=-0-696, p<0 01).”
From Elastic recoil changes in early emphysema (1980) · cites this paper as Knudson et al.7
In the citing paper
“By one-way analysis of variance,9 the elastic recoil was decreased in the trace-grade5group compared to the normal group (p<0-01) at all volumes studied and in the grade 5 or greater group was statistically different from normal and the trace-grade 5 group (p<0-01) at all volumes examined when using regression curves obtained from the data of Knudson et al,7 (table 2).”
From Elastic recoil changes in early emphysema (1980) · cites this paper as Knudson et al.7
In the citing paper
“We found a negative correlation between the percentage of predicted elastic recoil and the lung volume (r=-0-612, p<0 01).”
From Elastic recoil changes in early emphysema (1980) · cites this paper as Knudson et al.7
In the citing paper
“A comparison of the percentage of predicted elastic recoil revealed that both emphysema groups were significantly different from normal lungs.”
From Elastic recoil changes in early emphysema (1980) · cites this paper as Knudson et al.7
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–196 of 196
Subclinical Effects of Cigarette Smoking
Knudson, R. J., Knudson, D. E., Kaltenborn, W. T., & Bloom, J. W. (1989) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.95.3.512 · Cited by 14
Self-citationImpact of aging on the work of breathing during exercise in healthy men
Weavil, J. C., Thurston, T. S., Hureau, T. J., Gifford, J. R., Aminizadeh, S., Wan, H., Jenkinson, R. H., & Amann, M. (2022) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00443.2021 · Cited by 13
Normal ageing of the lung: implications for diagnosis and monitoring of asthma in older people
Berend, N. (2005) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06913.x · Cited by 13
Influence of airway geometry on expiratory flow limitation and density dependence
Knudson, R. J., Schroter, R. C., Knudson, D. E., & Sugihara, S. (1983) · Respiration Physiology · doi:10.1016/0034-5687(83)90140-8 · Cited by 13
Self-citationBody height as risk factor for emphysema in COPD
Miniati, M., Bottai, M., Pavlickova, I., & Monti, S. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep36896 · Cited by 12
Darquenne, C., & Prisk, G. K. (2019) · Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery · doi:10.1089/jamp.2019.1566 · Cited by 12
Management of Geriatric Patients
Harvey, R. C., & Paddleford, R. R. (1999) · Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(99)50055-7 · Cited by 12
Hypoxia Symptoms during Altitude Training in Professional Iranian Fighter Pilots
Alagha, B., Ahmadbeigy, S., Moosavi, S. A. J., & Jalali, S. M. (2012) · Air Medical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.amj.2011.05.005 · Cited by 12
The MVV/FEV1 Ratio in Normal and Asthmatic Subjects
Fairshter, R. D., Carilli, A. D., Soriano, A., Lin, J., & Pai, U. (1989) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.95.1.76 · Cited by 11
Breathing and affective picture processing across the adult lifespan
Gomez, P., Filippou, D. K., Pais, B., von Gunten, A., & Danuser, B. (2016) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.07.011 · Cited by 10
Intercostal muscle blood flow is elevated in old rats during submaximal exercise
Smith, J. R., Hageman, K. S., Harms, C. A., Poole, D. C., & Musch, T. I. (2019) · Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.resp.2019.02.003 · Cited by 10
Mahler, D. A. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4514-5_2 · Cited by 11
Effects of estrogen and progesterone on cerebrovascular responses to euoxic hypercapnia in women
Debert, C. T., Ide, K., & Poulin, M. J. (2011) · Climacteric · doi:10.3109/13697137.2011.631231 · Cited by 9
Brenner, S., Christa, M., Berliner, D., Deubner, N., Ertl, G., Held, M., Marx, A., Angermann, C. E., Störk, S., Rutten, F. H., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.071 · Cited by 9
Airspace Dimension Assessment with nanoparticles reflects lung density as quantified by MRI
Aaltonen, H. L., Kindvall, S., Jakobsson, J., Löndahl, J., Olsson, L. E., Díaz, S., Zackrisson, S., & Wollmer, P. (2018) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s160331 · Cited by 9
Cytokine Genotype and Phenotype Effects on Lung Function Decline in Firefighters
Josyula, A. B., Kurzius‐Spencer, M., Littau, S. R., Yücesoy, B., Fleming, J. L., & Burgess, J. L. (2007) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0b013e3180322584 · Cited by 9
Lung elastic recoil in normal young adult Chinese compared with Caucasians
Chan, C. C., Cheong, T. H., Sc, P., & Wang, Y. T. (1995) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.95.08030446 · Cited by 9
Residual Volume in a General Population
Paoletti, P., Viegi, G., Carrozzi, L., Pede, F. D., Modena, P., Ballerin, L., Baldacci, S., Pedreschi, M., Pistelli, G., & Giuntini, C. (1992) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.102.4.1209 · Cited by 9
Compressive air trapping in asthma: effects of age, sex, and severity
Sorkness, R. L., Kienert, C., O’Brien, M. J., Fain, S. B., & Jarjour, N. N. (2019) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00924.2018 · Cited by 9
Physiologic Changes in Respiratory Function
Campbell, E. J. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6999-6_47 · Cited by 9
Homeostatic Fragility in the Elderly
Stern, N., & Tuck, M. L. (1986) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8651(18)30618-0 · Cited by 9
Ketfi, A., Triki, L., Gharnaout, M., & Saad, H. B. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225067 · Cited by 8
Contribution of peripheral airway function to changes in FEV1/FVC and RV/TLC with aging
Htun, C., Pope, A. L., Lahzami, S., Luo, D., Schoeffel, R. E., Farrow, C. E., Phillips, C. L., Robinson, P. D., & King, G. G. (2018) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00114.2018 · Cited by 8
Environmental Determinants of Lung Aging
Green, F. H. Y., & Pinkerton, K. E. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-799941-8.00027-4 · Cited by 7
The Aging Lung and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Fukuchi, Y. (2012) · Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society · Cited by 7
Lung functions with spirometry: an Indian perspective--II: on the vital capacity of Indians.
Dikshit, M. B., Raje, S., & Agrawal, M. J. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 7
Allergy and Immunology of the Aging Lung
Katial, R. K., & Zheng, W. (2007) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2007.08.005 · Cited by 7
Lung Volume Reference Values for Blue Collar Workers Not Exposed to Occupational Respiratory Hazards
Petersen, M. R., & Hodous, T. K. (1988) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/00043764-198808000-00005 · Cited by 7
Ikeda, T., Yamauchi, Y., Uchida, K., Oba, K., Nagase, T., & Yamada, Y. (2019) · BMC Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12890-019-0976-6 · Cited by 6
An analysis of impedance cardiography in the elderly
Lye, M., & Vargas, E. (1981) · Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology · doi:10.3109/03091908109009363 · Cited by 6
Systemic changes in the elderly patient and their anaesthetic implications
Desmeules, H., Foumier, L., & Tremblay, P.-R. (1985) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/bf03010048 · Cited by 6
Respiratory Considerations in the Elderly Surgical Patient
Allen, S. J. (1986) · Clinics in Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/s0261-9881(21)00011-2 · Cited by 6
Mortola, J. P. (2013) · Clinical Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1097/cpm.0b013e31828fc9d6 · Cited by 5
Environmental Determinants of Lung Aging
Green, F. H. Y., & Pinkerton, K. E. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012324751-3/50062-0 · Cited by 5
Nursing Home-Acquired Pneumonia
Simor, A. E. (2002) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-306-46834-4_9 · Cited by 5
Physiologic Changes in Respiratory Function
Campbell, E. J. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-3432-4_28 · Cited by 5
Remodeling of the Aged and Emphysematous Lungs: Roles of Microenvironmental Cues
Suki, B., Bates, J. H. T., & Bartolák‐Suki, E. (2022) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c210033 · Cited by 12
Pulmonary Function in Aging Humans
Taylor, N. A. S. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-378638-8.00020-8 · Cited by 4
Ventilatory support in the acute respiratory distress syndrome
Keogh, B. F., & Ranieri, V. M. (1999) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1258/0007142991902187 · Cited by 4
Age and sex differences in blood pressure responses during hyperpnoea
Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, K., Ishida, K., Saito, M., Mizuno, S., Akima, H., & Katayama, K. (2021) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep089171 · Cited by 4
Shiota, S., Ichikawa, M., Suzuki, K., Fukuchi, Y., & Takahashi, K. (2015) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-015-0255-4 · Cited by 4
The Aging Respiratory System: Strategies to Minimize Postoperative Pulmonary Complications
Fernandez-Bustamante, A., Šprung, J., Cartin‐Ceba, R., Weingarten, T. N., & Warner, D. O. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-66878-9_12 · Cited by 4
Physiological and Pathological Aspects of the Respiratory System
Stark, J. E., & Lipscomb, D. J. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68217-9_11 · Cited by 4
Review of the Aged Respiratory System
Light, K. E. (1984) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics · doi:10.1080/j148v03n01_02 · Cited by 4
Anesthetic Considerations for the Geriatric Patient
Paddleford, R. R. (1989) · Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(89)50002-0 · Cited by 4
Membrane diffusing capacity and pulmonary capillary volume in rheumatoid disease.
Hills, E. A., & Geary, M. (1980) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.35.11.851 · Cited by 3
Predicted equations for ventilatory function among Kuching (Sarawak, Malaysia) population.
Rd, D., Pratibha, G., Kamaluddin, B., Ss, M., Sumitabha, G., Ad, K., & Hashami, B. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 3
Gibson, G. J. (1984) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-81333-9_2 · Cited by 3
Haas, F., Salazar‐Schicchi, J., Axen, K., & Fain, R. (1996) · Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s1047-9651(18)30394-2 · Cited by 3
Medical problems associated with tobacco smoking
Clee, M. D., & Clark, R. A. (1982) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/0163-7258(82)90059-6 · Cited by 3
Sparrow, D., & Weiss, S. T. (1995) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp110118 · Cited by 3
Pressure-Volume Relationship in the Injured Lung
Ranieri, V. M., Tortorella, C., & Grasso, S. (1998) · Update in intensive care and emergency medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60733-2_14 · Cited by 3
Analysis of Pulmonary Function Test Results By Using Gaussian Mixture Regression Model
Abut, S., Doğanay, F., Yeşilova, A., & Buğa, S. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan · doi:10.23950/jcmk/10919 · Cited by 2
Kraemer, R., Smith, H., Reinstaedtler, J., Gallati, S., & Matthys, H. (2024) · BMJ Open Respiratory Research · doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002142 · Cited by 2
Mons, V., Lavigne, C., Meste, O., Mauroy, B., & Blain, G. M. (2025) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep092897 · Cited by 2
Lung function and aging: the development and decline of lung function in health and disease
Villar, T., & Dow, L. (1992) · Reviews in Clinical Gerontology · doi:10.1017/s0959259800003130 · Cited by 2
Kikawada, M., Oyama, T., Ogawa, K., Arai, H., Iwamoto, T., & Takasaki, M. (2001) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/56.12.m771 · Cited by 2
Dysanapsis in men and women with obesity
Stickford, J. L., Wilhite, D. P., Bhammar, D. M., Balmain, B. N., & Babb, T. G. (2021) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00133.2021 · Cited by 2
LUNG VOLUMES AND DISTENSlBlLlTY
Finucane, K. E. (1984) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1984.tb04937.x · Cited by 2
Lack of Desensitization to Aerosol Pentamidine with Long-Term Use
Rawji, A., Pack, L. L., Favell, K., & Chan, C. K. N. (1996) · Journal of Aerosol Medicine · doi:10.1089/jam.1996.9.241 · Cited by 2
Respiratory mechanics during general anaesthesia in healthy subjects
Pelosi, P. P., Resta, M. V., & Brazzi, L. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-2273-7_3 · Cited by 1
Emphysema vs Asthma with Antitrypsin Deficiency
Liebemnan, J., & Littner, M. R. (1989) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.96.5.1217 · Cited by 1
Dyspnea Possibly Associated with Controlled-Release Morphine Sulfate Tablets
Kerr, H. (1988) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1177/106002808802200506 · Cited by 1
Hart, R. A., DʼAlise, M. D., & Benzel, E. C. (2005) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-06616-0.50105-x · Cited by 1
Normal Lung Function from Childhood to Old Age
Bush, A., & Morgan, M. D. L. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118597309.ch24 · Cited by 1
Morris, J. F. (1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2093-8_28 · Cited by 1
Carrizo, S. J., & Marín, J. M. (1993) · Archivos de Bronconeumología · doi:10.1016/s0300-2896(15)31168-6
Bitzèn, U. (2006) · Lund University Publications (Lund University)
Vieillissement et pathologies pulmonaires : régulation de l’inflammation par les peptides d’élastine
Antonicelli, F. D., & Naour, R. L. (2009) · Médecine & longévité · doi:10.1016/j.mlong.2009.10.008
Teculescu, D., Hannhart, B., Peslin, R., & Pino, J. (1982) · Clinical Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1475-097x.1982.tb00044.x
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN THE ELDERLY
Osborne, M. L. (1997) · Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8561(05)70330-1
Buras, J. C. (2004) · ScholarWorks @ The University of New Orleans (The University of New Orleans)
Volume, Flow, and Resistance Assessment in Asthma
Damato, S. (1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-2263-8_7
Effects of smoking on perioperative respiratory function in elderly surgical patients.
Kobayashi, T., Shibata, M., Iwami, D., Nakao, M., & Suzuki, M. (1991) · THE JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL ANESTHESIA · doi:10.2199/jjsca.11.207
Sex Differences in Normal Pulmonary Structure and Function at Rest and During Exercise
Harms, C. A., Smith, J. R., & Kurti, S. P. (2015) · Respiratory medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23998-9_1
and exercise in COPD Effect of obesity on respiratory mechanics during rest
O’Donnell, D. E., Ora, J., Laveneziana, P., Wadell, K., & Preston, M. E. (2011)
Pulmonary Disease in the Older Adult
Campbell, E. J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47771-8_16
Distribution of Hyperinflation in a General Population
Paoletti, P., Viegi, G., Carmignani, G., Carrozzi, L., Mammini, U., Landucci, L., Pede, F. D., & Giuntini, C. (1991) · Current topics in rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3782-5_1
Vorgänge und Bedingungen des Alterns
Sandholzer, H., Fischer, G. C., Schrömbgens, H. H., Schottdorf, O., & Klein-Lange, M. (1991) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76335-9_2
Allergy and Immunology of the Aging Lung
Hoyte, F. C. L., & Katial, R. K. (2011) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-727-3_2
Static respiratory mechanics are unaltered in males and females with obesity
Stickford, J. L., Bhammar, D. M., Balmain, B. N., & Babb, T. G. (2023) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00519.2023
Environmental determinants of lung aging
Green, F. H. Y., Saleem, R., Andino, A. L., & Pinkerton, K. E. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91824-4.00013-7
Coughing during spirometry is not uncommon in healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects
Koskela, H. O., Lätti, A. M., & Nurmi, H. (2025) · ERJ Open Research · doi:10.1183/23120541.01310-2024
Suki, B., & Bates, J. H. T. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-95322-4_12
Comparative Lung Physiology at Environmental Extremes
Ivy, C. M. (2025) · Respiratory medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-98371-9_6
Anthonisen, N. R. (1986) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.1986.tb01123.x
Respiratory Mechanics in Children
Bryan, A. C., & Wohl, M. E. B. (1986) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.1986.tb01091.x
Pride, N. B., & Macklem, P. T. (1986) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.1986.tb01116.x
Sparrow, D., & Weiss, S. T. (1994) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.1994.tb01690.x
Neutrophil migration and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Stockley, J. A. (2015) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)
Age-related changes in respiratory system mechanics and lung morphometry
Decker, S., Khurram, O. U. H., Mantilla, C. B., & Sieck, G. C. (2026) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00341.2025
Simmons, A. V., Smith, L., Somerville, Z., Faulke, H., Clark, W., Hughes, D., Aldag, I., West, N., Biancardi, A. M., Wild, J. M., et al. (2026) · Journal of Cystic Fibrosis · doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2026.04.008
Allergy and Immunology of the Aging Lung
Pathria, M., Hoyte, F. C. L., & Katial, R. K. (2026) · Respiratory medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-29861-4_2
Deposition of inhaled aerosols in the human lung: From infancy to adulthood
Darquenne, C. (2026) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127560
Metadata
- Authors
- Knudson, R. J., Clark, D. F., Kennedy, T. C., & Knudson, D. E.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1977-12-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1054-1062
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2336497260
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Keywords
- aging, lung elastic recoil, respiratory mechanics, plethysmography, maximal expiratory flow, lung volume, sex differences, older adults, alpha-1-antitrypsin
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aging, Female, Humans, Lung, Lung Compliance, Male, Maximal Expiratory Flow Rate, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Total Lung Capacity, Vital Capacity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
