Indices of thermoregulatory strain for moderate exercise in the heat
Abstract
The effect of varying humidity and dry bulb temperatures was studied on five normal male unclothed subjects while exercising (40–45 min) at 28% VO2max. Air movement was 0.75 m.s-1. The initial test and the 16th test on each subject both done at 50 degrees C and 30 Torr (32% rh). Each subject did the intervening 14 experiments twice per day at varying ambient temperature (Ta) and water vapor pressure (Pa) levels, so selected to progressively increase skin wettedness levels. Mean skin temperature (Tsk) and esophageal temperature (Tes), heart rate (HR), skin evaporative heat loss (Esk), and warm discomfort were continuously observed. Skin wettedness (w) was evaluated as the ratio of the observed Esk to the maximum evaporative capacity of the environment. A rational effective temperature (ET) is defined as the dry bulb temperature at 50% rh in which the total heat exchange from skin surface would be the same as in the test environment, described by the observed Ta and Pa. The results showed that 1) during steady state both HR and Tes were unaffected by Ta from 26 to 41 degrees C responding to the level of exercise intensity, when Pa less than or equal to 20 Torr; 2) both mean body temperature, found by weighting Tsk:Tes by 1:9, and ET were each significant indicators of physiological strain when Pa greater than 20 Torr; 3) a level of strain, caused by skin wettedness values greater than 0.5, is suggested as a primary condition necessary for inducing heat acclimation.
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A small steady rate of temperature change (0.5 K/h) is in general not significantly noticeable, but its effect increases after some time and significantly affects sensation after 3-4 hours (depending on clothing).
“A small steady rate of change (0.5 K/h) is in general not significantly noticeable [108–111], but its effect increases after some time and significantly affects sensation after 3 – 4 hours (depending on clothing) [113].”
From Drivers of diversity in human thermal perception – A review for holistic comfort models (2018) · cites this paper as [110]
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- Authors
- Gonzalez, R. R., Berglund, L. G., & Gagge, A. P.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1978-06-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 889-899
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2248427133
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Keywords
- humidity, dry bulb temperature, water vapor pressure, skin wettedness, esophageal temperature, heart rate, heat acclimation, heat stress
- MeSH terms
- Acclimatization, Adult, Body Temperature Regulation, Physical Exertion, Heart Rate, Hot Temperature, Humans, Humidity, Male, Mathematics, Skin Temperature
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