The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validation of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method to assess human body composition
Abstract
This study was conducted to validate the relationship between bioelectrical conductance (ht2/R) and densitometrically determined fat-free mass, and to compare the prediction errors of body fatness derived from the tetrapolar impedance method and skinfold thicknesses, relative to hydrodensitometry. One-hundred and fourteen male and female subjects, aged 18–50 yr, with a wide range of fat-free mass (34–96 kg) and percent body fat (4–41%), participated. For males, densitometrically determined fat-free mass was correlated highly (r = 0.979), with fat-free mass predicted from tetrapolar conductance measures using an equation developed for males in a previous study. For females, the correlation between measured fat-free mass and values predicted from the combined (previous and present male data) equation for men also was strong (r = 0.954). The regression coefficients in the male and female regression equations were not significantly different. Relative to hydrodensitometry, the impedance method had a lower predictive error or standard error of the estimates of estimating body fatness than did a standard anthropometric technique (2.7 vs. 3.9%). Therefore this study establishes the validity and reliability of the tetrapolar impedance method for use in assessment of body composition in healthy humans.
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In the citing paper
“The BIA equation developed in this study (R2 = 0.97; SRMSE= 1.99) was similar to or better than those obtained with other equations designed with comparable sample sizes, such as that of Lukasky (84 males; 67 females) [27] based on hydrodensitometry (R2 = 0.96; SEE = 3.06), or of Baumgartner (35 males; 63 females)[28] based on a four compartment model (R2 = 0.91; SEE = 2.47).”
In the citing paper
“The body composition variables selected in the final model of this study have been reported as the best predictors in BIA equations designed to estimate FFM [25-27].”
In the citing paper
“The explanation for this could be that limb length and body weight are positively related to resistance, which is the main predictor of FFM estimated with BIA [27].”
In the citing paper
“There is limited information available regarding EQ3 development sample.The subjects ranged in age from 19 to 50 years, and the mean FFM was 60.2 kg, which was notably higher than our sample (Lukaski et al., 1986).”
From External validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis equations for body composition against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Mexican recreational runners (2025) · cites this paper as Lukaski et al., 1986
In the citing paper
“The Lukaski (22) and Kushner (21) equations provided estimates that were unaffected by the participants' body weight, but only the Lukaski equation ( 22) provided unbiased estimates.”
From Comparison of Body Composition Methods in Obese African‐American Women (2006) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used in population and clinical studies as a technique for estimating body composition.”
From Prediction of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis in young adults from five populations of African origin (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been used as a less expensive alternative for estimating body composition in both adults and children (3).”
From Prediction of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis in young adults from five populations of African origin (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“The BIA 101 Akern is a valid and reliable alternative to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the assessment of body composition and has been used in various other studies [7,52–54].”
From How reliable is the labeling of a commercial phytosteroid product? A 12-week randomized double-blind training study (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
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Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bioelectrical impedance analysis?part I: review of principles and methods
KYLE, U. (2004) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2004.06.004 · Cited by 3,200
Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part II: utilization in clinical practice
Kyle, U. G., Bosaeus, I., De Lorenzo, A. D., Deurenberg, P., Elia, M., Manuel Gómez, J., Lilienthal Heitmann, B., Kent-Smith, L., Melchior, J.-C., Pirlich, M., et al. (2004) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2004.09.012 · Cited by 2,350
KDOQI clinical practice guideline for nutrition in CKD: 2020 update
Ikizler, T. A., Burrowes, J. D., Byham-Gray, L. D., Campbell, K. L., Carrero, J.-J., Chan, W., Fouque, D., Friedman, A. N., Ghaddar, S., Goldstein-Fuchs, D. J., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.05.006 · Cited by 1,960
Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas
Deurenberg, P., Weststrate, J., & Seidell, J. C. (1991) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn19910073 · Cited by 1,397
“A prediction error of about 3-5 YO BF% has also been found in studies using the bioelectrical impedance technique (Lukaski et al. 1986; Jackson et al. 1988; Segal et al. 1988; Guo et al. 1989; Houtkoper et al. 1989).”
Methods for the assessment of human body composition: traditional and new
Lukaski, H. C. (1987) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/46.4.537 · Cited by 1,150
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Lukaski, H. C., Bolonchuk, W. W., Hall, C. B., & Siders, W. A.
- ORCID
- Lukaski, H. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1986-04-01
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1327-1332
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2103844937
- Cited by
- 1,370
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 10.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Keywords
- body composition, fat-free mass, body fat percentage, hydrodensitometry, skinfold thickness, prediction error, anthropometry, method validation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anthropometry, Body Composition, Densitometry, Electric Conductivity, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Skinfold Thickness
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