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Carbohydrate and the cytokine response to 2.5 h of running
Abstract
Nehlsen-Cannarella, S. L., O. R. Fagoaga, D. C. Nieman, D. A. Henson, D. E. Butterworth, R. L. Schmitt, E. M. Bailey, B. J. Warren, A. Utter, and J. M. Davis. Carbohydrate and the cytokine response to 2.5 h of running. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1662–1667, 1997.—This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to determine the influence of 6% carbohydrate (C) vs. placebo (P) beverage ingestion on cytokine responses (5 total samples over 9 h) to 2.5 h of high-intensity running (76.7 ± 0.4% maximal O2uptake) by 30 experienced marathon runners. For interleukin-6 (IL-6), a difference in the pattern of change between groups was found, highlighted by a greater increase in P vs. C immediately postrun (753 vs. 421%) and 1.5 h postrun (193 vs. 86%) [ F(4,112) = 3.77, P = 0.006]. For interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), a difference in the pattern of change between groups was found, highlighted by a greater increase in P vs. C 1.5 h postrun (231 vs. 72%) [ F(2,50) = 6.38, P = 0.003]. No significant interaction effects were seen for bioactive IL-6 or IL-1β. The immediate postrun plasma glucose concentrations correlated negatively with those of plasma cortisol ( r = −0.67, P < 0.001); postrun plasma cortisol ( r = 0.70, P < 0.001) and IL-6 levels ( r = 0.54, P = 0.003) correlated positively with levels of IL-1ra. Taken together, the data indicate that carbohydrate ingestion attenuates cytokine levels in the inflammatory cascade in response to heavy exertion.
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“Carbohydrate ingestion during exercise blunted the exercise-induced IL-6 response, the increase in lymphocyte number as well as the cortisol (204, 205).”
From Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines (2020) · cites this paper as [205]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nehlsen-Cannarella, S. L., Fagoaga, O. R., Nieman, D. C., Henson, D. A., Butterworth, D. E., Schmitt, R. L., Bailey, E. M., Warren, B. J., Utter, A., & Davis, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Immunology Center and Department of Pathology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California 92350;
- Loma Linda University Medical Center (US)
- Appalachian State University (US)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1997-05-01
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1662-1667
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2115197006
- Cited by
- 311
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 17.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- carbohydrate intake, cytokines, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1β, cortisol, plasma glucose, marathon running, high-intensity exercise, exercise-induced inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Epinephrine, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Inflammation, Interleukin-1, Male, Middle Aged, Placebos, Running, Sialoglycoproteins, Interleukin-6, Cytokines, Receptors, Interleukin-1, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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