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Carbohydrate and the cytokine response to 2.5 h of running
Abstract
Nehlsen-Cannarella, S. L., O. R. Fagoaga, D. C. Nieman, D. A. Henson, D. E. Butterworth, R. L. Schmitt, E. M. Bailey, B. J. Warren, A. Utter, and J. M. Davis. Carbohydrate and the cytokine response to 2.5 h of running. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1662–1667, 1997.—This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to determine the influence of 6% carbohydrate (C) vs. placebo (P) beverage ingestion on cytokine responses (5 total samples over 9 h) to 2.5 h of high-intensity running (76.7 ± 0.4% maximal O2uptake) by 30 experienced marathon runners. For interleukin-6 (IL-6), a difference in the pattern of change between groups was found, highlighted by a greater increase in P vs. C immediately postrun (753 vs. 421%) and 1.5 h postrun (193 vs. 86%) [ F(4,112) = 3.77, P = 0.006]. For interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), a difference in the pattern of change between groups was found, highlighted by a greater increase in P vs. C 1.5 h postrun (231 vs. 72%) [ F(2,50) = 6.38, P = 0.003]. No significant interaction effects were seen for bioactive IL-6 or IL-1β. The immediate postrun plasma glucose concentrations correlated negatively with those of plasma cortisol ( r = −0.67, P < 0.001); postrun plasma cortisol ( r = 0.70, P < 0.001) and IL-6 levels ( r = 0.54, P = 0.003) correlated positively with levels of IL-1ra. Taken together, the data indicate that carbohydrate ingestion attenuates cytokine levels in the inflammatory cascade in response to heavy exertion.
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“Carbohydrate ingestion during exercise blunted the exercise-induced IL-6 response, the increase in lymphocyte number as well as the cortisol (204, 205).”
From Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines (2020) · cites this paper as [205]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nehlsen-Cannarella, S. L., Fagoaga, O. R., Nieman, D. C., Henson, D. A., Butterworth, D. E., Schmitt, R. L., Bailey, E. M., Warren, B. J., Utter, A., & Davis, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Immunology Center and Department of Pathology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California 92350;
- Loma Linda University Medical Center (US)
- Appalachian State University (US)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1997-05-01
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1662-1667
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2115197006
- Cited by
- 311
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 17.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- carbohydrate intake, cytokines, interleukin-6, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1β, cortisol, plasma glucose, marathon running, high-intensity exercise, exercise-induced inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Epinephrine, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Inflammation, Interleukin-1, Male, Middle Aged, Placebos, Running, Sialoglycoproteins, Interleukin-6, Cytokines, Receptors, Interleukin-1, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
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