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Blood flow occlusion-related O2 extraction “reserve” is present in different muscles of the quadriceps but greater in deeper regions after ramp-incremental test
Abstract
It was recently demonstrated that an O 2 extraction reserve, as assessed by the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived deoxygenation signal ([HHb]), exists in the superficial region of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle during an occlusion performed at the end of a ramp-incremental test. However, it is unknown whether this reserve is present and/or different in magnitude in other portions and depths of the quadriceps muscles. We tested the hypothesis that an O 2 extraction reserve would exist in other regions of this muscle but is greater in deep compared with more superficial portions. Superficial (VL-s) and deep VL (VL-d) as well as superficial rectus femoris (RF-s) were monitored by a combination of low- and high-power time-resolved (TRS) NIRS. During the occlusion immediately post-ramp-incremental test there was a significant overshoot in the [HHb] signal ( P < 0.05). However, the magnitude of this increase was greater in VL-d (93.2 ± 42.9%) compared with VL-s (55.0 ± 19.6%) and RF-s (47.8 ± 14.0%) ( P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that an O 2 extraction reserve exists in different pools of active muscle fibers of the quadriceps at the end of a ramp exercise to exhaustion. The greater magnitude in the reserve observed in the deeper portion of VL, however, suggests that this portion of muscle may present a greater surplus of oxygenated blood, which is likely due to a greater population of slow-twitch fibers. These findings add to the notion that the plateau in the [HHb] signal toward the end of a ramp-incremental exercise does not indicate the upper limit of O 2 extraction. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Different portions of the quadriceps muscles exhibited an untapped O 2 extraction reserve during a blood flow occlusion performed at the end of a ramp-incremental exercise. In the deeper portion of the vastus lateralis muscle, this reserve was greater compared with superficial vastus lateralis and rectus femoris. These data suggest that the O 2 extraction reserve may be dependent on the vascular and/or oxidative capacities of the muscles.
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Previous studies reported a heterogeneous HHb response across different quadriceps muscles during a cycling incremental test.
“For example, previous studies have reported a heterogeneous HHb response across different quadriceps muscles during a cycling incremental test (Chin et al. 2011; Iannetta et al. 2018; Okushima et al. 2020).”
From Comparison of NIRS-derived [HHb] breakpoints and concordance with lactate thresholds during speed- and slope-based incremental running tests (2026) · cites this paper as Iannetta et al. 2018
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Metadata
- Authors
- Iannetta, D., Okushima, D., Inglis, E. C., Kondo, N., Murias, J. M., & Koga, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Kobe Design University (JP)
- Kobe University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Iannetta, Danilo
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2018-08-01
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 313-319
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2801170558
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 4.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Brescia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- The Japan Society for Promotion of Science (16K13011)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Keywords
- blood flow occlusion, quadriceps, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, muscle depth, time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy, deoxyhemoglobin, type I muscle fibers, muscle oxygenation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Oxygen, Oxygen Consumption, Regional Blood Flow, Exercise, Quadriceps Muscle, Young Adult
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