Ambulation in simulated fractional gravity using lower body positive pressure: cardiovascular safety and gait analyses
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess cardiovascular responses to lower body positive pressure (LBPP) and to examine the effects of LBPP unloading on gait mechanics during treadmill ambulation. We hypothesized that LBPP allows comfortable unloading of the body with minimal impact on the cardiovascular system and gait parameters. Fifteen healthy male and female subjects (22-55 yr) volunteered for the study. Nine underwent noninvasive cardiovascular studies while standing and ambulating upright in LBPP, and six completed a gait analysis protocol. During stance, heart rate decreased significantly from 83 +/- 3 beats/min in ambient pressure to 73 +/- 3 beats/min at 50 mmHg LBPP (P < 0.05). During ambulation in LBPP at 3 mph (1.34 m/s), heart rate decreased significantly from 99 +/- 4 beats/min in ambient pressure to 84 +/- 2 beats/min at 50 mmHg LBPP (P < 0.009). Blood pressure, brain oxygenation, blood flow velocity through the middle cerebral artery, and head skin microvascular blood flow did not change significantly with LBPP. As allowed by LBPP, ambulating at 60 and 20% body weight decreased ground reaction force (P < 0.05), whereas knee and ankle sagittal ranges of motion remained unaffected. In conclusion, ambulating in LBPP has no adverse impact on the systemic and head cardiovascular parameters while producing significant unweighting and minimal alterations in gait kinematics. Therefore, ambulating within LBPP is potentially a new and safe rehabilitation tool for patients to reduce loads on lower body musculoskeletal structures while preserving gait mechanics.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In partial gravity, stride length is mostly reduced during walking and increased during running with extremely large effect sizes.
“In partial gravity, stride length is mostly reduced during walking (Donelan and Kram, 1997) and increased during running (Donelan and Kram, 2000; Cutuk et al., 2006) with extremely large effect sizes.”
From Human Biomechanical and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Partial Gravity – A Systematic Review (2017) · cites this paper as Cutuk et al., 2006
Cites
Changes in musculoskeletal structure and function with prolonged bed rest
BLOOMFIELD, S. A. (1997) · Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199702000-00006 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
2,012 Total Hip Arthroplasties
Coventry, M. B., Beckenbaugh, R. D., NOLAN, D. R., & Ilstrup, D. M. (1974) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · doi:10.2106/00004623-197456020-00005 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
2,012 total hip arthroplasties. A study of postoperative course and early complications.
Coventry, M. B., Beckenbaugh, R. D., NOLAN, D. R., et al. (1974) · PubMed · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Gait asymmetries in residual hemiplegia.
Wall, J. C., & Turnbull, G. I. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Biomechanics of distance running
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-2199 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Influence of Body Weight Support on Normal Human Gait: Development of a Gait Retraining Strategy
Finch, L. E., Barbeau, H., & Arsenault, B. A. (1991) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/71.11.842 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Treadmill training with partial body weight support in nonambulatory patients with cerebral palsy
Schindl, M., Forstner, C., Kern, H., & Hesse, S. (2000) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(00)90075-3 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
The Effects of Body Weight Support on the Locomotor Pattern of Spastic Paretic Patients
Visintin, M., & Barbeau, H. (1989) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s0317167100029152 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Foot-Ground Pressure Pattern of Standing Hemiplegic Patients
Dickstein, R., Nissan, M., Pillar, T., & Scheer, D. (1984) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/64.1.19 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Chesnin, K. J., Selby-Silverstein, L., & Besser, M. P. (2000) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/s0966-6362(00)00071-0 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Gleim, G. W., & Nicholas, J. A. (1989) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/036354658901700216 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Primary total hip replacement in patients over 80 years of age
Newington, D., Bannister, G. C., & Fordyce, M. J. F. (1990) · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.72b3.2341446 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Eiken, O., & Bjurstedt, H. (1987) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08248.x · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Donelan, J. M., & Kram, R. (1997) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.200.24.3193 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Hesse, S., Werner, C., Seibel, H., von Frankenberg, S., Kappel, E. M., Kirker, S. G. B., & Käding, M. (2003) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00434-9 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Tovin, B. J., Wolf, S. L., Greenfield, B. H., Crouse, J., & Woodfin, B. A. (1994) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/74.8.710 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
AQUATIC THERAPY IN THE REHABILITATION OF ATHLETIC INJURIES
Prins, J. H., & Cutner, D. (1999) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70158-7 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Reneman, R. S., Slaaf, D. W., Lindbom, L., Tangelder, G. J., & Arfors, K. ‐. (1980) · Microvascular Research · doi:10.1016/0026-2862(80)90031-x · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Carlsöö, S., Dahlöf, A. G., & Holm, J. K. (1974) · PubMed · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Gardner, M. B., Holden, M. K., Leikauskas, J. M., & Richard, R. L. (1998) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/78.4.361 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
WARD: a pneumatic system for body weight relief in gait rehabilitation
Gazzani, F., Fadda, A., Torre, M., & Macellari, V. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/86.895954 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lower Body Positive-pressure Exercise after Knee Surgery
Eastlack, R. K., Hargens, A. R., Groppo, E. R., Steinbach, G. C., White, K. K., & Pedowitz, R. A. (2005) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/01.blo.0000150459.92012.f7 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationGait Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence
Sutherland, D. H. (1984) · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Colby, S. M., Kirkendall, D. T., & Bruzga, R. F. (1999) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/s0966-6362(99)00035-1 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Lower body negative pressure to provide load bearing in space.
Hargens, A. R., Whalen, R. T., Watenpaugh, D. E., Schwandt, D., & Krock, L. P. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationNishiyasu, T., Nagashima, K., NADEL, E. R., & Mack, G. W. (1998) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1998.85.1.160 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Pillar, T., Dickstein, R., & Smolinski, Z. (1991) · The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development · doi:10.1682/jrrd.1991.10.0047 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Hemodynamic responses to graded lower body positive pressure
Shi, X., Crandall, C. G., & Raven, P. B. (1993) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1993.265.1.h69 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Bevegård, S., Castenfors, J., & Lindblad, L. E. (1977) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1977.tb10375.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Managing swimming, spa, and other pools to prevent infection.
Dadswell, J. V. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
Berman, A., & Studenski, S. A. (1998) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-0690(18)30110-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Biering‐Sørensen, F., Schröder, A., Wilhelmsen, M., Lomberg, B., Nielsen, H. J., & Høiby, N. (2000) · Spinal Cord · doi:10.1038/sj.sc.3100964 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
EFFECT OF MUSCLE PUMP ON HEMODYNAMICS
Nishiyasu, T., & IKEGAMI, H. (1985) · 体力科學 · doi:10.7600/jspfsm1949.34.167 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The use of a robotic device for gait training and rehabilitation.
Siddiqi, N. A., Gazzani, F., Jardins, J. D. D., & Chao, E. Y. S. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Knee joint forces: prediction, measurement, and significance
DʼLima, D. D., Fregly, B. J., Patil, S. S., Steklov, N., & Colwell, C. W. (2012) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine · doi:10.1177/0954411911433372 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Grabowski, A. M. (2010) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2010.02.007 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Influence of body weight unloading on human gait characteristics: a systematic review
Apte, S., Plooij, M., & Vallery, H. (2018) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-018-0380-0 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Human Biomechanical and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Partial Gravity – A Systematic Review
Richter, C., Braunstein, B., Winnard, A., Nasser, M., & Weber, T. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00583 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
“Some studies reported increasing values (Cutuk et al., 2006; Evans et al., 2013; Kostas et al., 2014) and some other studies reported decreasing values (Cardus, 1996; Chang et al., 1996; Aerts et al., 2012; Kostas et al., 2014; Widjaja et al., 2015) or unchanged values (Schlabs et al., 2013) in…”
BackgroundResultPhysiological Responses to Body Weight–Supported Treadmill Exercise in Healthy Adults
Hoffman, M. D., & Borgstrom, H. E. D. (2011) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2010.12.035 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Raffalt, P. C., Hovgaard-Hansen, L., & Jensen, B. R. (2013) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2013.784721 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Kurz, M. J., Corr, B., Stuberg, W., Volkman, K. G., & Smith, N. (2011) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/pep.0b013e318227b737 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Comparing two devices of suspended treadmill walking by varying body unloading and Froude number
Ruckstuhl, H., Kho, J., Weed, M., Wilkinson, M. W., & Hargens, A. R. (2009) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.07.001 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationBerthelsen, M. P., Husu, E., Christensen, S. B., Prahm, K. P., Vissing, J., & Jensen, B. R. (2014) · Neuromuscular Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.nmd.2014.03.001 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Human Locomotion in Hypogravity: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications
Lacquaniti, F., Ivanenko, Y. P., Labini, F. S., Scaleia, V. L., Scaleia, B. L., Willems, P. A., & Zago, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00893 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Peeler, J. D., Christian, M., Cooper, J. E., Leiter, J., & MacDonald, P. B. (2015) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000173 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Maximal Physiological Parameters during Partial Body-Weight Support Treadmill Testing
Gojanovic, B., Cutti, P., Shultz, R., & Matheson, G. O. (2012) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31825a5d1f · Cited by 44 · see citing works
EMG activity during positive-pressure treadmill running
Hunter, I., Seeley, M. K., Hopkins, J. T., Carr, C., & Franson, J. J. (2014) · Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology · doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.01.009 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Peeler, J. D., & Ripat, J. D. (2018) · The Knee · doi:10.1016/j.knee.2017.12.003 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Farina, K. A., Wright, A. A., Ford, K. R., Wirfel, L. A., & Smoliga, J. M. (2016) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0581-2 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Weber, T., Green, D. A., Attias, J., Sies, W., Frechette, A., Braunstein, B., & Rittweger, J. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211263 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Smoliga, J. M., Wirfel, L. A., Paul, D., Doarnberger, M., & Ford, K. R. (2015) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.04.009 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Role of Antigravity Training in Rehabilitation and Return to Sport After Running Injuries
Vincent, H. K., Madsen, A., & Vincent, K. R. (2022) · Arthroscopy Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2021.09.031 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Lower body positive pressure: an emerging technology in the battle against knee osteoarthritis?
Peeler, J. D., Takacs, J., Leiter, Macdonald, & Anderson (2013) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s46951 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
El-Shamy, S. M. (2017) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000000752 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Moore, M. N., Vandenakker-Albanese, C., & Hoffman, M. D. (2010) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2010.01.014 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Gravity, Microgravity and Artificial Gravity: Physiological Effects, Implementation and Applications
Goswami, N., Blaber, A. P., Valenti, G., Hinghofer-Szalkay, H., Evans, J., Bailey, D. M., Vernikos, J., Choukér, A., Green, D. A., White, O., et al. (2026) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00055.2024 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Muscle Activity While Running at 20%–50% of Normal Body Weight
Mercer, J. A., Applequist, B. C., & Masumoto, K. (2013) · Research in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1080/15438627.2013.792084 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Mikami, Y., Fukuhara, K., Kawae, T., Kimura, H., & Ochi, M. (2014) · Prosthetics and Orthotics International · doi:10.1177/0309364614532866 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Barnes, K. R., & Janecke, J. N. (2017) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-017-0108-x · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Effect of Body-Weight-Support Running on Lower-Limb Biomechanics
Neal, M. P., Fleming, N., Eberman, L. E., Games, K. E., & Vaughan, J. A. (2016) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6503 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Schlabs, T., Rosales‐Velderrain, A., Ruckstuhl, H., Stahn, A. C., & Hargens, A. R. (2013) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00990.2012 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationMacias, B. R., DʼLima, D. D., Cutuk, A., Patil, S. S., Steklov, N., Neuschwander, T. B., Meuche, S., Colwell, C. W., & Hargens, A. R. (2012) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01434.2011 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationBody weight-supported training in Becker and limb girdle 2I muscular dystrophy
Jensen, B. R., Berthelsen, M. P., Husu, E., Christensen, S. B., Prahm, K. P., & Vissing, J. (2016) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.25039 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Stride length–velocity relationship during running with body weight support
Mercer, J. A., & Chona, C. (2015) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2015.01.003 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Calabrò, R. S., Billeri, L., Andronaco, V. A., Accorinti, M., Milardi, D., Cannavò, A., Aliberti, E., Militi, A., Bramanti, P., & Naro, A. (2019) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2019.09.005 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The biomedical challenge associated with the Artemis space program
Bizzarri, M., Gaudenzi, P., & Angeloni, A. (2023) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2023.07.021 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Plantar Sole Unweighting Alters the Sensory Transmission to the Cortical Areas
Mouchnino, L., Lhomond, O., Morant, C., & Chavet, P. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00220 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Henkelmann, R., Schneider, S. C., Müller, D., Gahr, R., Josten, C., & Böhme, J. (2017) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-017-1461-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Return to sport following hip injury
Draovitch, P., Maschi, R. A., & Hettler, J. (2012) · Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12178-011-9106-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease
Baizabal‐Carvallo, J. F., Alonso‐Juarez, M., & Fekete, R. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10100739 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity in response to lower body positive pressure
Perry, B. G., Schlader, Z. J., Raman, A., Cochrane, D. J., Lucas, S. J. E., & Mündel, T. (2013) · Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging · doi:10.1111/cpf.12046 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Webber, S. C., Horvey, K. J., Yurach, M. T., & Butcher, S. J. (2013) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-013-2798-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Martino, E. D., Green, D. A., de Andrade, D. C., Weber, T., & Herssens, N. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1062349 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Physiological Responses During the Lower Body Positive Pressure Supported Treadmill Test
Lee, K.-Y., Han, J., Kim, J., Kim, D.-J., & Choi, I. (2016) · Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.5535/arm.2016.40.5.915 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The effect of load on Achilles tendon structure in novice runners
Heyward, O. W., Rabello, L. M., van der Woude, L. H. V., van den Akker‐Scheek, I., Gokeler, A., van der Worp, H., & Zwerver, J. (2017) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.11.007 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Lotfian, M., Kharazi, M., Mirbagheri, A., Dadashi, F., Nourian, R., & Mirbagheri, M. M. (2017) · International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics · doi:10.1109/icorr.2017.8009241 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Peeler, J. D., Leiter, J., & MacDonald, P. B. (2018) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000668 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Larsen, A. G., Sadolin, L. Ø., Thomsen, T. R., & Oliveira, A. S. (2024) · Computer Methods in Biomechanics & Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1080/10255842.2024.2423252 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Long, L. H., Cross, K. M., Magrum, E., Feger, M. A., & Hertel, J. N. (2020) · Physical Therapy in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.02.011 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Abdelaal, A. A. M., & El-Shamy, S. M. (2022) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.75806.3 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Effects of Lower Body Positive Pressure on Cardiovascular Responses During Walking in Elderly Women
Sota, T., Matsuo, S., UCHIDA, Y. M. D., Hagino, H., & KAWAI, Y. (2013) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.932459 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Simulations of Gravitational Stress on Normovolemic and Hypovolemic Men and Women
Zhang, Q., Knapp, C. F., Stenger, M. B., Patwardhan, A. R., Elayi, C. S., Wang, S., Kostas, V. I., & Evans, J. M. (2014) · Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.3357/asem.3828.2014 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Stucky, F., Vésin, J.-M., Kayser, B., & Uva, B. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00034 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mikami, Y., Orita, N., Yamasaki, T., Kamijo, Y., Kimura, H., & Adachi, N. (2019) · Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.5535/arm.2019.43.4.474 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
From Past to Future: Emergent Concepts of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery and Rehabilitation
Schoepp, C., Tennler, J., Praetorius, A., Dudda, M., & Raeder, C. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14196964 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Kim, B. R., Kim, S. R., Nam, K. W., Lee, S. Y., Park, Y., Suh, M. J., & Jeon, Y. T. (2020) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000019586 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Daly, P. L., Kayse, R., Rudick, S. G., Robbins, N., Scheler, J., Harris, D. M., O’Donnell, R. E., Dwivedi, A. K., & Gerson, M. C. (2017) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-017-1045-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Fabre, M., Sainton, P., Sutter, C., Mouchnino, L., & Chavet, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.782028 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Kataoka, Y., Shimizu, T., Takeda, R., TADANO, S., Saito, Y., Osuka, S., Ishida, T., Samukawa, M., Irie, T., Takahashi, D., et al. (2021) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-020-03909-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Richter, C., Braunstein, B., Stäudle, B., Attias, J., Suess, A., Weber, T., Mileva, K. N., Rittweger, J., Green, D. A., & Albracht, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2020.614559 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zheng, Y., Shen, Y., Feng, R., Hu, W., & Huang, P. (2024) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1401256 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The effect of lower body weight support on arterial wave reflection in healthy adults
Afzal, A., Fung, D., Galligan, S., Godwin, E. M., Kral, J. G., Salciccioli, L. F., & Lazar, J. (2014) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2014.03.004 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Kataoka, Y., Takeda, R., TADANO, S., Ishida, T., Saito, Y., Osuka, S., Samukawa, M., & Tohyama, H. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21082619 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Almutairi, S. M. (2023) · Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies · doi:10.5812/mejrh-133833 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Abdelaal, A. A. M., & El-Shamy, S. M. (2021) · European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.21.06847-7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lower body positive pressure treadmill gait training for neurological patients: a systematic review
Almutairi, S. M. (2023) · Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1186/s43161-023-00134-x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Fohrmann, D., Winter, I., Simon, A., Dalos, D., Gronwald, T., Hoenig, T., Rolvien, T., & Hollander, K. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.70063 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lower-Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Training for Pediatric Gait Disorders: A Scoping Review
Cherni, Y., Gagné-Pelletier, L., Bouyer, L. J., & Mercier, C. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app12010323 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Avadhani, S. A., Ihsan, M., Nunez, A., Kamran, H., Singh, S. B., Hasan, Z., Salciccioli, L. F., Kral, J. G., Godwin, E. M., & Lazar, J. (2018) · Dose-Response · doi:10.1177/1559325818811543 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Perry, B. G., & Mündel, T. (2020) · Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging · doi:10.1111/cpf.12682 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Anti-gravity treadmill training for children with cerebral palsy
Alwhaibi, R. M., Abdelhaleem, N., Mahmoud, M., Mortada, H., Gomaa, A., Hamed, M., Elbanna, S. T. E., & Elshennawy, S. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns8.13280 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Effect of Anti-Gravity Treadmill on Balance in Acute Phase of Post-Operative Knee Rehabilitation
Emoto, G., & Sueyoshi, T. (2018) · Asian Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5812/asjsm.59287 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Abdelaal, A. A. M., & El-Shamy, S. M. (2022) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.75806.1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ebid, A., Attalla, A. F., Ibrahim, A. R., & Mohamady, H. M. (2023) · Burns · doi:10.1016/j.burns.2023.09.004 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A pilot study of metabolic fitness effects of weight-supported walking in women with obesity
Godwin, E. M., Uglialoro, A. D., Ali, A., Yearwood, L., Banerji, M. A., & Kral, J. G. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211529 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Physiological Aspects of Walking in Simulated Hypogravity
Salisbury, T., Baptista, R. R., Fei, J., Susin, F., & Russomano, T. (2015) · Research Portal (King's College London) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Almutairi, S. M., Alfouzan, M. M., Almutairi, T. S., Alkaabi, H. A., AlMulaifi, M. T., ALMUTAIRI, M. K., Alhuthaifi, F. K., & Swank, C. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13020166 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Godwin, E. M., Uglialoro, A. D., Ali, A., Yearwood, L., Banerji, M. A., & Kral, J. G. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/202986 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Reduced Gravity by Lower Body Positive Pressure
Petersen, L. G., Kamibayashi, K., Ohira, Y., & Hargens, A. R. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10152-1_139-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationForce and Gait Mechanics at Reduced Body Weight on a Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill
Phillips, J. P., Gudiseva, E., Valladão, S., & André, T. (2025) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/ikkp6306 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Application of a Body-Weight-Supporting Kite for Sprint Running
Kratky, S., & Müller, E. A. (2013) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31828c2702 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kiriska, M. S., Belviranlı, M., & Okudan, N. (2024) · Genel Tıp Dergisi · doi:10.54005/geneltip.1363466 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mars walking simulation: An electromyographic analysis
Russomano, T., Hammond, B., Melo, D. D. S., de Farias, R., da Rosa, M. D. S. G., Lamadrid, I. G., Disiuta, L., & Lima, J. M. (2019) · Neurology India · doi:10.4103/0028-3886.259129 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Regulation of cerebral blood flow during transient hypertension in humans
Wildfong, K. W. (2016) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0314180 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Effect of Lower Body Positive Pressure on Fluid Turnover in Human Legs
Matsuo, S., ONISHI, H., & Kawai, Y. (2012) · TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN · doi:10.2322/tastj.10.tp_13
Energy Cost of Locomotion During Partial Bodyweight Support
Jeremikj, A. (2012) · Sound Ideas (University of Puget Sound)
Peak Fat Oxidation Rates in Males with Obesity during Treadmill Walking With Body Weight Support
LaSala, T. T., Zipp, G. P., DeBari, V. A., & Figueroa, M. A. (2015)
Lower-body positive pressure diminishes surface blood flow reactivity during treadmill walking
Tajino, J., Ito, A., Torii, Y., Tsuchimoto, K., Iijima, H., Zhang, X., Nagai‐Tanima, M., Yamaguchi, S., Ieki, H., Kakinoki, R., et al. (2019) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4766-2
Reduced Gravity by Lower Body Positive Pressure
Petersen, L. G., Kamibayashi, K., Ohira, Y., & Hargens, A. R. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12191-8_139
Self-citationLyons, M., Lindsay, K., & Burnie, L. (2025) · The Foot · doi:10.1016/j.foot.2025.102210
Innovative technology for restoring gait patterns in patients with impaired mobility
Marchenkova, L., & Tulupov, D. (2025) · Vrach · doi:10.29296/25877305-2025-10-01
Dolušić, I., Baždarić, K., Šegulja, S., Starčević-Klasan, G., Vlahović, H., Miletić, B., & Vučković, M. (2026) · Acta Medica Academica · doi:10.5644/ama2006-124.512
Plasma Lactate Accumulation During Running with Body Weight Unloading by LBPP
Rasmussen, N. N. (2013) · ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University)
- Authors
- Cutuk, A., Groppo, E. R., Quigley, E. J., White, K. W., Pedowitz, R. A., & Hargens, A. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 771-777
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2165680105
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 0.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Keywords
- lower body positive pressure, cardiovascular safety, heart rate, blood pressure, middle cerebral artery blood flow, cerebral oxygenation, gait kinematics, ground reaction force, unweighting, rehabilitation, simulated microgravity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Equipment Design, Female, Gait, Heart Rate, Humans, Lower Body Negative Pressure, Male, Weightlessness Simulation, Risk Assessment, Equipment Failure Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
