Cessation of physical exercise changes metabolism and modifies the adipocyte cellularity of the periepididymal white adipose tissue in rats
Abstract
All of the adaptations acquired through physical training are reversible with inactivity. Although significant reductions in maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) can be observed within 2 to 4 wk of detraining, the consequences of detraining on the physiology of adipose tissue are poorly known. Our aim was therefore to investigate the effects of discontinuing training (physical detraining) on the metabolism and adipocyte cellularity of rat periepididymal (PE) adipose tissue. Male Wistar rats, aged 6 wk, were divided into three groups and studied for 12 wk under the following conditions: 1) trained (T) throughout the period; 2) detrained (D), trained during the first 8 wk and detrained during the remaining 4 wk; and 3) age-matched sedentary (S). Training consisted of treadmill running sessions (1 h/day, 5 days/wk, 50-60% Vo2max). The PE adipocyte size analysis revealed significant differences between the groups. The adipocyte cross-sectional area (in μm(2)) was significantly larger in D than in the T and S groups (3,474 ± 68.8; 1,945.7 ± 45.6; 2,492.4 ± 49.08, respectively, P < 0.05). Compared with T, the isolated adipose cells (of the D rats) showed a 48% increase in the ability to perform lipogenesis (both basal and maximally insulin-stimulated) and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis. No changes were observed with respect to unstimulated lipolysis. A 15% reduction in the proportion of apoptotic adipocytes was observed in groups T and D compared with group S. The gene expression levels of adiponectin and PPAR-gamma were upregulated by factors of 3 and 2 in D vs. S, respectively. PREF-1 gene expression was 3-fold higher in T vs. S. From these results, we hypothesize that adipogenesis was stimulated in group D and accompanied by significant adipocyte hypertrophy and an increase in the lipogenic capacity of the adipocytes. The occurrence of apoptotic nuclei in PE fat cells was reduced in the D and T rats; these results raise the possibility that the adipose tissue changes after detraining are obesogenic.
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Aerobic exercise promotes lipolysis in adipose tissues, leading to production of acetyl-CoA through increased beta-oxidation.
“Aerobic exercise is known to promote lipolysis in adipose tissues, leading to the production of acetyl-CoA through increased beta-oxidation (70).”
From Diet and physical exercise as key players to tackle MASLD through improvement of insulin resistance and metabolic flexibility (2024) · cites this paper as [70]
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- Authors
- Sertie, R. A. L., Andreotti, S., Proença, A. R. G., Campana, A. B., Lima-Salgado, T. M., Batista, M. L., Seelaender, M. C. L., Curi, R., Oliveira, A. C., & Lima, F. B.
- Affiliations
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- University of Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- ORCID
- Curi, Rui
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2013-08-01
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 394-402
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2088139564
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scientific Electronic Library Online (São Paulo Research Foundation, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Universidade de São Paulo
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- detraining, physical activity, adipocyte hypertrophy, adipocyte cellularity, lipogenesis, lipolysis, adipocyte apoptosis, adiponectin, PPARγ, Pref-1, adipogenesis, treadmill running, sedentary lifestyle
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Separation, Chromatin, Citrate (si)-Synthase, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Glucose, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase, Insulin, Lipolysis, Malate Dehydrogenase, Male, Membrane Proteins, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Testosterone, Transcription Factors, Rats, Wistar, Adipocytes, Muscle, Skeletal, Mitochondrial Proteins, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, PPAR gamma, Cell Size, Rats, Adiponectin, Adipose Tissue, White, Fatty Acid Synthases
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