The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Promote Brain Hypoperfusion Leading to Cognitive Decline and Dementia
Open accessAbstract
Heart disease is the major leading cause of death and disability in the world. Mainly affecting the elderly population, heart disease and its main outcome, cardiovascular disease, have become an important risk factor in the development of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This paper examines the evidence linking chronic brain hypoperfusion induced by a variety of cardiovascular deficits in the development of cognitive impairment preceding AD. The evidence indicates a strong association between AD and cardiovascular risk factors, including ApoE 4, atrial fibrillation, thrombotic events, hypertension, hypotension, heart failure, high serum markers of inflammation, coronary artery disease, low cardiac index, and valvular pathology. In elderly people whose cerebral perfusion is already diminished by their advanced age, additional reduction of cerebral blood flow stemming from abnormalities in the heart-brain vascular loop ostensibly increases the probability of developing AD. Evidence also suggests that a neuronal energy crisis brought on by relentless brain hypoperfusion may be responsible for protein synthesis abnormalities that later result in the classic neurodegenerative lesions involving the formation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Insight into how cardiovascular risk factors can induce progressive cognitive impairment offers an enhanced understanding of the multifactorial pathophysiology characterizing AD and ways at preventing or managing the cardiovascular precursors of this dementia.
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Cites
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Lifetime Risk for Development of Atrial Fibrillation: The Framingham Heart Study
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“The mechanisms linking hypertension to Alzheimer’s disease remain to be elucidated, but damage to brain endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells that control cerebral blood flow is suspected to be a culprit due to the pulsatile pressure changes on the cerebral microvasculature generated by chronic hypertension [87].”
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Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia in a Population-Based Study: The Rotterdam Study
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Cited by
The relationship between obesity and cognitive health and decline
Dye, L., Boyle, N. B., Champ, C., & Lawton, C. (2017) · Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665117002014 · Cited by 469
Dominguez, L. J., Veronese, N., Vernuccio, L., Catanese, G., Inzerillo, F., Salemi, G., & Barbagallo, M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13114080 · Cited by 433
Daulatzai, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23777 · Cited by 429
Predictors of dementia in Parkinson disease: A prospective cohort study
Anang, J. B. M., Gagnon, J.-F., Bertrand, J.-A., Romenets, S. R., Latreille, V., Panisset, M., Montplaisir, J., & Postuma, R. B. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000842 · Cited by 379
Cardiac Output and Cerebral Blood Flow: The Integrated Regulation of Brain Perfusion in Adult Humans
Meng, L., Hou, W., Chui, J., Han, R., & Gelb, A. W. (2015) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000000872 · Cited by 299
Metadata
- Authors
- de la Torre, J. C.
- Venue
- Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2012-12-03
- Volume
- 2012
- Pages
- 1-15
- ISSN
- 2090-0163 (ISSN-L)
- 2090-0171
- OpenAlex
- W2047641191
- Cited by
- 440
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 18.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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