Cited by 445Cardiac Health and Mental HealthAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

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Depression and cardiac disease: epidemiology, mechanisms, and diagnosis.

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Huffman, Jeff C., Celano, Christopher M., Beach, Scott R., Motiwala, Shweta R., Januzzi, James L.·2013·Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology

DOI 10.1155/2013/695925PMC PMC3638710

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Abstract

In patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), depression is common, persistent, and associated with worse health-related quality of life, recurrent cardiac events, and mortality. Both physiological and behavioral factors-including endothelial dysfunction, platelet abnormalities, inflammation, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and reduced engagement in health-promoting activities-may link depression with adverse cardiac outcomes. Because of the potential impact of depression on quality of life and cardiac outcomes, the American Heart Association has recommended routine depression screening of all cardiac patients with the 2- and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaires. However, despite the availability of these easy-to-use screening tools and effective treatments, depression is underrecognized and undertreated in patients with CVD. In this paper, we review the literature on epidemiology, phenomenology, comorbid conditions, and risk factors for depression in cardiac disease. We outline the associations between depression and cardiac outcomes, as well as the mechanisms that may mediate these links. Finally, we discuss the evidence for and against routine depression screening in patients with CVD and make specific recommendations for when and how to assess for depression in this high-risk population.

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Authors: Huffman, J. C., Celano, C. M., Beach, S. R., Motiwala, S. R., & Januzzi, J. L.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Huffman, Jeff C.
ORCID: Huffman, Jeff C.
Celano, Christopher M.
Beach, Scott R.
Januzzi, James L.
Venue: Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2013-04-07
Volume: 2013
Pages: 1-14
ISSN: 2090-0163 (ISSN-L)
2090-0171
DOI: 10.1155/2013/695925
PMC: PMC3638710
OpenAlex: W2160660885
Cited by: 445
References: 176
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 6
FWCI: 19.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL113272)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords: depression, cardiovascular disease, comorbidities, depression screening, Patient Health Questionnaire, endothelial dysfunction, platelet abnormalities, inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, health behavior, cardiac outcomes, mortality, quality of life, risk factors

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