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Cited by 40Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingHealth Education and Validation

Rapid Screening of Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Chronic Illness: Reliability and Validity Test on WHO-5 and PHQ-9 Scales

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Wu, Shu-Fang Vivienne·2014·Depression Research and Treatment
DOI 10.1155/2014/239490PMC PMC4254072
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Abstract

This study intended to test the reliability and validity of two simple psychological screening scales, the World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), in patients with chronic illness in Taiwan and to understand the psychological well-being of patients with chronic illness (e.g., metabolic syndrome) in Taiwan and the incidences of psychological problems that follow. The research design of this study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 310 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), aged 20 years or more, from the outpatient clinic of a municipal hospital in Taiwan. This study used questionnaires to collect basic information, including physiological indices, WHO-5 and PHQ-9 that were used. “Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS),” and “World Health Organization Quality of Life—Short-form Version for Taiwan (WHOQOL)”. Results are as follows: (1) compared to PHQ-9, the reliability and validity of WHO-5 are better for screening the psychological well-being of patients with chronic illness. (2) The features of WHO-5 are high sensitivity, briefness, and ease-of-use. The incidence of depression in patients with metabolic syndrome was approximately 1.0–6.5%, which is significantly lower than that of western countries.

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  • The Nine-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is reliable and valid with satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.86) and has been validated for migraine and chronically ill patients.

    “The PHQ-9 has been found to be reliable and valid with satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.86) [54]. The PHQ-9 has been validated for migraine patients [55] as well as chronically ill patients [56].”

    From ACTsmart: Guided Smartphone-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Chronic Pain—A Pilot Trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [56]

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Authors
Wu, S.-F. V.
Affiliations
National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science (TW)
Corresponding author
Wu, Shu-Fang Vivienne
ORCID
Wu, Shu-Fang Vivienne
Venue
Depression Research and Treatment
Publisher
Hindawi Limited
Published
2014
Volume
2014
Pages
1-9
ISSN
  • 2090-1321 (ISSN-L)
  • 2090-133X
DOI
10.1155/2014/239490
PMC
PMC4254072
OpenAlex
W2072400901
Cited by
40
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2
FWCI
3.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Depression Research and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
Keywords
psychological well-being, chronic disease, WHO-5, PHQ-9, depression screening, anxiety screening, metabolic syndrome, scale reliability and validity

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