Recent Developments in Sweat Analysis and Its Applications

Biology of sweat glands and their disorders. I. Normal sweat gland function

Sato, K., Kang, W. H., Saga, K., & Sato, K. T. (1989) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(89)70063-3 · Cited by 717

Correlation Between Sweat Glucose and Blood Glucose in Subjects with Diabetes

Moyer, J., Wilson, D., Finkelshtein, I., Wong, B., & Potts, R. (2012) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2011.0262 · Cited by 570

Analyses of volatile organic compounds from human skin

Gallagher, M., Wysocki, C. J., Leyden, J. J., Spielman, A. I., Sun, X., & Preti, G. (2008) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08748.x · Cited by 438

Smartphone based health accessory for colorimetric detection of biomarkers in sweat and saliva

Oncescu, V., O’Dell, D., & Erickson, D. (2013) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/c3lc50431j · Cited by 362

A short history of sweat gland biology

Wilke, K., Martin, A. E., Terstegen, L., & Biel, S. S. (2007) · International Journal of Cosmetic Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.2007.00387.x · Cited by 333

Derivatization procedures for gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric determination of xenobiotics in biological samples, with special attention to drugs of abuse and doping agents

Segura, J., Ventura, R., & Jurado, C. (1998) · Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications · doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00089-9 · Cited by 251

Sweat: A sample with limited present applications and promising future in metabolomics

Mena-Bravo, A., & de Castro, M. D. L. (2013) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2013.10.048 · Cited by 237

The role of alternative specimens in toxicological analysis

Gallardo, E., & Queiroz, J. A. (2008) · Biomedical Chromatography · doi:10.1002/bmc.1009 · Cited by 207

Alternative Specimens for Workplace Drug Testing*

Caplan, Y. H., & Goldberger, B. A. (2001) · Journal of Analytical Toxicology · doi:10.1093/jat/25.5.396 · Cited by 203

Attractiveness of women's body odors over the menstrual cycle: the role of oral contraceptives and receiver sex

Kuukasjarvi, S. (2004) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arh050 · Cited by 165

A soft, wearable microfluidic device for the capture, storage, and colorimetric sensing of sweat

Koh, A., Kang, D., Xue, Y., Lee, S., Pielak, R. M., Kim, J., Hwang, T., Min, S., Banks, A., Bastien, P., et al. (2016) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf2593 · Cited by 1,308

Wearable and flexible electrochemical sensors for sweat analysis: a review

Gao, F., Liu, C., Zhang, L., Liu, T., Wang, Z., Song, Z., Cai, H., Fang, Z., Chen, J., Wang, J., et al. (2022) · Microsystems & Nanoengineering · doi:10.1038/s41378-022-00443-6 · Cited by 854

Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sweat Sensors for Precision Medicine

Min, J., Tu, J., Xu, C., Lukas, H., Shin, S., Yang, Y., Solomon, S. A., Mukasa, D., & Gao, W. F. (2023) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00823 · Cited by 752

Recent Progress in Electrochemical pH-Sensing Materials and Configurations for Biomedical Applications

Ghoneim, M. T., Nguyen, A. N., Dereje, N., Huang, J., Moore, G. C., Murzynowski, P. J., & Dağdeviren, C. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00655 · Cited by 326

Non-invasive textile based colorimetric sensor for the simultaneous detection of sweat pH and lactate

Promphet, N., Rattanawaleedirojn, P., Siralertmukul, K., Soatthiyanon, N., Potiyaraj, P., Thanawattano, C., Hinestroza, J. P., & Rodthongkum, N. (2018) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.086 · Cited by 254

Laser-induced graphene non-enzymatic glucose sensors for on-body measurements

Zhu, J., Liu, S., Hu, Z., Zhang, X., Yi, N., Tang, K., Dexheimer, M. G., Lian, X. L., Wang, Q., Yang, J. Y., et al. (2021) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113606 · Cited by 239

Flexible inorganic bioelectronics

Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Liang, Z., Cao, Y. K., Han, Z., & Feng, X. (2020) · npj Flexible Electronics · doi:10.1038/s41528-020-0065-1 · Cited by 237

Textile Organic Electrochemical Transistors as a Platform for Wearable Biosensors

Gualandi, I., Marzocchi, M., Achilli, A., Cavedale, D., Bonfiglió, A., & Fraboni, B. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep33637 · Cited by 193

Wearable Organic Electrochemical Transistor Patch for Multiplexed Sensing of Calcium and Ammonium Ions from Human Perspiration

Keene, S. T., Fogarty, D., Cooke, R., Casadevall, C., Salleo, A., & Parlak, O. (2019) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201901321 · Cited by 185

Super‐Absorbent Polymer Valves and Colorimetric Chemistries for Time‐Sequenced Discrete Sampling and Chloride Analysis of Sweat via Skin‐Mounted Soft Microfluidics

Kim, S. B., Zhang, Y., Won, S. M., Bandodkar, A. J., Sekine, Y., Xue, Y., Koo, J., Harshman, S. W., Martin, J. A., Park, J. M., et al. (2018) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.201703334 · Cited by 170

Printing Flexible and Hybrid Electronics for Human Skin and Eye‐Interfaced Health Monitoring Systems

Kim, K., Kim, B., & Lee, C. H. (2019) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201902051 · Cited by 148

Multifunctional Nickel Phosphate Nano/Microflakes 3D Electrode for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Nonenzymatic Glucose, and Sweat pH Sensors

Padmanathan, N., Shao, H., & Razeeb, K. M. (2018) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.7b17187 · Cited by 146

Fabrication of a Wearable Flexible Sweat pH Sensor Based on SERS-Active Au/TPU Electrospun Nanofibers

Chung, M., Skinner, W. H., Robert, C., Campbell, C. J., Rossi, R. M., Koutsos, V., & Radacsi, N. (2021) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.1c15238 · Cited by 146

Non-invasive wearable chemical sensors in real-life applications

Promphet, N., Ummartyotin, S., Ngeontae, W., Puthongkham, P., & Rodthongkum, N. (2021) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2021.338643 · Cited by 141

Alternative matrices in forensic toxicology: a critical review

de Campos, E. G., da Costa, B. R. B., dos Santos, F. S., Monedeiro, F., Alves, M. N. R., Santos, W. J. R., & Martinis, B. S. D. (2021) · Forensic Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s11419-021-00596-5 · Cited by 137

Bacterial cellulose-based re-swellable hydrogel: Facile preparation and its potential application as colorimetric sensor of sweat pH and glucose

Siripongpreda, T., Somchob, B., Rodthongkum, N., & Hoven, V. P. (2020) · Carbohydrate Polymers · doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117506 · Cited by 130

A Skin‐Interfaced, Miniaturized Microfluidic Analysis and Delivery System for Colorimetric Measurements of Nutrients in Sweat and Supply of Vitamins Through the Skin

Kim, J., Wu, Y., Luan, H., Yang, D. S., Cho, D., Kwak, S. S., Liu, S., Ryu, H., Ghaffari, R., & Rogers, J. A. (2021) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202103331 · Cited by 131

Proteomic Profiling of Sweat Exosome Suggests its Involvement in Skin Immunity

Wu, C.-X., & Liu, Z. (2017) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.040 · Cited by 121

Flexible SERS wearable sensor based on nanocomposite hydrogel for detection of metabolites and pH in sweat

Wang, W., Chen, Y., Xiao, C., Xiao, S., Wang, C., Nie, Q., Xu, P., Chen, J., You, R., Zhang, G., et al. (2023) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.145953 · Cited by 118

An electrochemical wearable sensor for levodopa quantification in sweat based on a metal–Organic framework/graphene oxide composite with integrated enzymes

Xiao, J., Fan, C. G., Xu, T., Su, L., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Sensors and Actuators B Chemical · doi:10.1016/j.snb.2022.131586 · Cited by 115

Cancer biomarkers and their biosensors: A comprehensive review

Khan, H., Shah, M. R., Barek, J., & Malik, M. I. (2022) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2022.116813 · Cited by 111

Personal Information from Latent Fingerprints Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Machine Learning

Zhou, Z., & Zare, R. N. (2017) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04498 · Cited by 104

Nanomaterials-patterned flexible electrodes for wearable health monitoring: a review

Hasan, M. M., & Hossain, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-021-06248-8 · Cited by 103

Finger sweat analysis enables short interval metabolic biomonitoring in humans

Brunmair, J., Gotsmy, M., Niederstaetter, L., Neuditschko, B., Bileck, A., Slany, A., Feuerstein, M. L., Langbauer, C., Janker, L., Zanghellini, J., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26245-4 · Cited by 96

A thread/fabric-based band as a flexible and wearable microfluidic device for sweat sensing and monitoring

Zhao, Z., Li, Q., Chen, L., Yu, Z., Gong, J., Li, Z., & Zhang, J. (2020) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/d0lc01075h · Cited by 96

PEDOT: Dye-Based, Flexible Organic Electrochemical Transistor for Highly Sensitive pH Monitoring

Mariani, F., Gualandi, I., Tessarolo, M., Fraboni, B., & Scavetta, E. (2018) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.8b04970 · Cited by 92

Forensics in hand: new trends in forensic devices (2013–2017)

de Oliveira, L. P., Rocha, D. P., de Araujo, W. R., Muñoz, R. A. A., Paixão, T. R. L. C., & Salles, M. O. (2018) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c8ay01389f · Cited by 90

A Review of Stimuli-Responsive Smart Materials for Wearable Technology in Healthcare: Retrospective, Perspective, and Prospective

Trovato, V., Sfameni, S., Rando, G., Rosace, G., Libertino, S., Ferri, A., & Plutino, M. R. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27175709 · Cited by 96

Wearable Sensor System Powered by a Biofuel Cell for Detection of Lactate Levels in Sweat

Garcia, S. O., Ulyanova, Y., Figueroa-Teran, R., Bhatt, K. H., Singhal, S., & Atanassov, P. B. (2016) · ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology · doi:10.1149/2.0131608jss · Cited by 88

Wearable piezoelectric mass sensor based on pH sensitive hydrogels for sweat pH monitoring

Scarpa, E., Mastronardi, V., Guido, F., Algieri, L., Qualtieri, A., Fiammengo, R., Rizzi, F., & Vittorio, M. D. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67706-y · Cited by 89

Eccrine Sweat as a Biofluid for Profiling Immune Biomarkers

Katchman, B. A., Zhu, M., Blain Christen, J., & Anderson, K. S. (2018) · PROTEOMICS – Clinical Applications · doi:10.1002/prca.201800010 · Cited by 86

Electrochemical Nanosensors for Sensitization of Sweat Metabolites: From Concept Mapping to Personalized Health Monitoring

Das, R., Nag, S., & Banerjee, P. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28031259 · Cited by 94

Electrochemical multi-analyte point-of-care perspiration sensors using on-chip three-dimensional graphene electrodes

Bauer, M., Wunderlich, L., Weinzierl, F., Lei, Y., Duerkop, A., Alshareef, H. N., & Baeumner, A. J. (2020) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-020-02939-4 · Cited by 88

Wearable multifunctional sweat-sensing system for efficient healthcare monitoring

Criscuolo, F., Hanitra, I. N., Aiassa, S., Taurino, I., Oliva, N., Carrara, S., & Micheli, G. D. (2020) · Sensors and Actuators B Chemical · doi:10.1016/j.snb.2020.129017 · Cited by 87

Microfluidics by Additive Manufacturing for Wearable Biosensors: A Review

Padash, M., Enz, C., & Carrara, S. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20154236 · Cited by 90

Vibrational Spectroscopy for Identification of Metabolites in Biologic Samples

Hackshaw, K. V., Miller, J. S., Aykas, D. P., & RODRIGUEZ‐SAONA, L. E. (2020) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules25204725 · Cited by 89

Recent Advances in Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sweat Sensors: Opportunities for Equitable Personalized Medicine and Global Health Diagnostics

Clark, K. M., & Ray, T. R. (2023) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.3c01512 · Cited by 87

UV‐Sensitive Wearable Devices for Colorimetric Monitoring of UV Exposure

Kurz, W., Yetisen, A. K., Kaito, M. V., Fuchter, M. J., Jakobi, M., Elsner, M., & Koch, A. W. (2020) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.201901969 · Cited by 82

Textile Chemical Sensors Based on Conductive Polymers for the Analysis of Sweat

Gualandi, I., Tessarolo, M., Mariani, F., Possanzini, L., Scavetta, E., & Fraboni, B. (2021) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym13060894 · Cited by 83

Advanced Wearable Devices for Monitoring Sweat Biochemical Markers in Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review

Assalve, G., Lunetti, P., di Cagno, A., Luca, E. W. D., Aldegheri, S., Zara, V., & Ferramosca, A. (2024) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios14120574 · Cited by 86

Working Up a Good Sweat - The Challenges of Standardising Sweat Collection for Metabolomics Analysis.

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The skin transcriptome in hidradenitis suppurativa uncovers an antimicrobial and sweat gland gene signature which has distinct overlap with wounded skin

Coates, M., Mariottoni, P. R. C. G. B., Corcoran, D. L., Fradin, H., Jaleel, T., Brown, D. A., Brooks, S. R., Murray, J. C. S., Morasso, M. I., & MacLeod, A. S. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216249 · Cited by 77

Present and foreseeable future of metabolomics in forensic analysis

Castillo-Peinado, L. S., & de Castro, M. D. L. (2016) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2016.04.040 · Cited by 79

Silicon Micropillar Array-Based Wearable Sweat Glucose Sensor

Dervisevic, M., Alba, M., Esser, L., Tabassum, N. H., Prieto‐Simón, B., & Voelcker, N. H. (2021) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.1c22383 · Cited by 78

Toilet-based continuous health monitoring using urine

Taşoğlu, S. (2022) · Nature Reviews Urology · doi:10.1038/s41585-021-00558-x · Cited by 79

Sweat-Based Noninvasive Skin-Patchable Urea Biosensors with Photonic Interpenetrating Polymer Network Films Integrated into PDMS Chips

Hussain, S., & Park, S. (2020) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.0c01757 · Cited by 71

Academic stress detection on university students during COVID-19 outbreak by using an electronic nose and the galvanic skin response

Acevedo, C. M. D., Gómez, J. K. C., & Rojas, C. A. A. (2021) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102756 · Cited by 83

Wearable Microfluidic Sweat Chip for Detection of Sweat Glucose and pH in Long-Distance Running Exercise

Liu, D., Liu, Z., Feng, S., Gao, Z., Chen, R., Cai, G., & Bian, S. (2023) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios13020157 · Cited by 70

Usability as a guiding principle for the design of paper-based, point-of-care devices – A review

Murray, L. P., & Mace, C. R. (2020) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.063 · Cited by 66

Comparative Study of the Composition of Sweat from Eccrine and Apocrine Sweat Glands during Exercise and in Heat

Chen, Y., Kuan, W., & Liu, C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17103377 · Cited by 68

Fabrication of laser-induced graphene-based multifunctional sensing platform for sweat ion and human motion monitoring

Lee, C., Jeong, S., Kwon, Y., Lee, J.-U., Cho, S., & Shin, B. S. (2021) · Sensors and Actuators A Physical · doi:10.1016/j.sna.2021.113320 · Cited by 67

Review: Recent progress in fluorescent molecular systems for the detection of disease-related biomarkers in biofluids

Nair, R. R., An, J. M., Kim, J., & Kim, D. (2023) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215336 · Cited by 66

Battery-free, tuning circuit–inspired wireless sensor systems for detection of multiple biomarkers in bodily fluids

Liu, T.-L., Dong, Y., Chen, S., Zhou, J., Ma, Z., & Li, J. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abo7049 · Cited by 64

Review and Comparison of Cancer Biomarker Trends in Urine as a Basis for New Diagnostic Pathways

Bax, C., Lotesoriere, B. J., Sironi, S., & Capelli, L. (2019) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers11091244 · Cited by 63

A molecularly imprinted electrochemical microneedle sensor for multiplexed metabolites detection in human sweat

Mugo, S. M., Robertson, S. V., & Lu, W. (2023) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124531 · Cited by 63

Cutting Edge Methods for Non-Invasive Disease Diagnosis Using E-Tongue and E-Nose Devices

Fitzgerald, J. E., & Fenniri, H. (2017) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios7040059 · Cited by 66

Laser‐Induced, Green and Biocompatible Paper‐Based Devices for Circular Electronics

Cantarella, G., Madagalam, M., Merino, I., Ebner, C., Ciocca, M., Polo, A., Ibba, P., Bettotti, P., Ahmad, M., Shkodra, B., et al. (2023) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202210422 · Cited by 55

Towards Addressing the Body Electrolyte Environment via Sweat Analysis:Pilocarpine Iontophoresis Supports Assessment of Plasma Potassium Concentration

Vairo, D., Bruzzese, L., Marlinge, M., Fuster, L., Adjriou, N., Kipson, N., Brunet, P., Cautela, J., Jammes, Y., Mottola, G., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12211-y · Cited by 55

Self-powered wearable electronics

Tan, P., Zou, Y., Fan, Y., & Li, Z. (2020) · Wearable Technologies · doi:10.1017/wtc.2020.3 · Cited by 58

The proteomic and metabolomic characterization of exercise-induced sweat for human performance monitoring: A pilot investigation

Harshman, S. W., Pitsch, R. L., Smith, Z. K., O’Connor, M. L., Geier, B. A., Qualley, A. V., Schaeublin, N. M., Fischer, M. V., Eckerle, J. J., Strang, A. J., et al. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203133 · Cited by 51

Detection of biomarkers in body fluids using bioprobes based on aggregation-induced emission fluorogens

Zhang, X., Yao, B., Hu, Q., Hong, Y., Wallace, A. K., Reynolds, K. J., Ramsey, C., Maeder, A. J., Reed, R. L., & Tang, Y. (2020) · Materials Chemistry Frontiers · doi:10.1039/d0qm00376j · Cited by 49

Conducting polymers in wearable devices

Mokhtar, S. M. A., de Eulate, E. A., Yamada, M., Prow, T. W., & Evans, D. (2020) · Medical Devices & Sensors · doi:10.1002/mds3.10160 · Cited by 49

Wearable electronic nose for human skin odor identification: A preliminary study

Zheng, Y., Li, H., Shen, W., & Jian, J. (2018) · Sensors and Actuators A Physical · doi:10.1016/j.sna.2018.11.048 · Cited by 46

Validating Differential Volatilome Profiles in Parkinson’s Disease

Sinclair, E., Walton‐Doyle, C., Sarkar, D., Hollywood, K. A., Milne, J., Lim, S. H., Kunath, T., Rijs, A. M., de Bie, R. M. A., Silverdale, M., et al. (2021) · ACS Central Science · doi:10.1021/acscentsci.0c01028 · Cited by 44

Green sample preparation of alternative biosamples in forensic toxicology

Manousi, N., & Samanidou, V. (2021) · Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.scp.2021.100388 · Cited by 41

Perspective on Multimodal Imaging Techniques Coupling Mass Spectrometry and Vibrational Spectroscopy: Picturing the Best of Both Worlds

Iakab, S. A., Ràfols, P., Correig, X., & García‐Altares, M. (2021) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04986 · Cited by 41

Wearable microneedle dual electrochemical sensor for simultaneous pH and cortisol detection in sweat

Mugo, S. M., Lu, W., Wood, M., & Lemieux, S. (2021) · Electrochemical Science Advances · doi:10.1002/elsa.202100039 · Cited by 40

Wearable Double Network Plasmonic Hydrogel for SERS Detection of Urea and Uric Acid in Sweat

Zhu, J., Yu, W., Xiong, H., Xia, X., Li, Y., & Huang, Y. (2025) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.5c01745 · Cited by 41

A Biomimetric Lactate Imprinted Smart Polymers as Capacitive Sweat Sensors

Mugo, S. M., Dhanjai, D., & Alberkant, J. (2020) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2020.2974851 · Cited by 38

Probing Skin for Metabolites and Topical Drugs with Hydrogel Micropatches

Dutkiewicz, E. P., Chiu, H., & Urban, P. L. (2017) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04276 · Cited by 37

Optical sensors for transdermal biomarker detection: A review

Amjad, A., & Xian, X. (2024) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2024.116844 · Cited by 39

Recent developments in the chromatographic bioanalysis of approved kinase inhibitor drugs in oncology

Rood, J. J. M., Schellens, J. H. M., Beijnen, J. H., & Sparidans, R. W. (2016) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2016.06.037 · Cited by 37

Quantitative mass spectrometry of unconventional human biological matrices

Dutkiewicz, E. P., & Urban, P. L. (2016) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2015.0380 · Cited by 36

Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of Human Eccrine Sweat Glands Identifies Missing and Novel Proteins

Na, C. H., Sharma, N., Madugundu, A. K., Chen, R., Aksit, M. A., Rosson, G. D., Cutting, G. R., & Pandey, A. (2019) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.ra118.001101 · Cited by 35

Real Time Analysis of Bioanalytes in Healthcare, Food, Zoology and Botany

Wang, T., Ramnarayanan, A., & Cheng, H. (2017) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s18010005 · Cited by 34

Comparative accuracy of optical sensor-based wearable system for non-invasive measurement of blood glucose concentration

Rodin, D., Kirby, M. L., Sedogin, N., Shapiro, Y., Pinhasov, A., & Kreinin, A. (2019) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.12.014 · Cited by 33

Sweat urea bioassay based on degradation of Prussian Blue as the sensing architecture

Salatiello, S., Spinelli, M., Cassiano, C., Amoresano, A., Marini, F., & Cinti, S. (2022) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2022.339882 · Cited by 31

Multimodal technique to eliminate humidity interference for specific detection of ethanol

Jalal, A. H., Umasankar, Y., Gonzalez, P. J., Alfonso, A. A., & Bhansali, S. (2016) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2016.08.106 · Cited by 33

Screening of Potential Stress Biomarkers in Sweat Associated with Sports Training

Nunes, M. J., Cordas, C. M., Moura, J. J. G., Noronha, J. P., & Branco, L. C. (2021) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-020-00294-3 · Cited by 38

Moisture-Associated Skin Damage

Gray, M., Bliss, D. Z., & McNichol, L. (2022) · Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing · doi:10.1097/won.0000000000000865 · Cited by 33

New Applications of Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Novel Sample Matrices in the Forensic Sciences: A Literature Review

Gould, O., Nguyen, N., & Honeychurch, K. C. (2023) · Chemosensors · doi:10.3390/chemosensors11100527 · Cited by 31

Sweat metabolome and proteome: Recent trends in analytical advances and potential biological functions

Serag, A., Shakkour, Z., Halboup, A. M., Kobeissy, F. H., & Farag, M. A. (2021) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104310 · Cited by 32

Micropatternable Janus Paper as a Wearable Skin Patch for Sweat Collection and Analysis

Gao, Y., & Choi, S. (2023) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.202300396 · Cited by 28

Recent advances of sweat sampling, sensing, energy-harvesting and data-display toward flexible sweat electronics

Zhao, G., Li, Z.-Y., Huang, X., Zhang, Q., Liu, Y., & Yu, X. (2024) · Soft Science · doi:10.20517/ss.2024.04 · Cited by 28

Screen-Printed Sensor for Low-Cost Chloride Analysis in Sweat for Rapid Diagnosis and Monitoring of Cystic Fibrosis

Hauke, A., Oertel, S., Knoke, L., Fein, V., Maier, C., Brinkmann, F., & Jank, M. P. M. (2020) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios10090123 · Cited by 29

Metabo-tip: a metabolomics platform for lifestyle monitoring supporting the development of novel strategies in predictive, preventive and personalised medicine

Brunmair, J., Bileck, A., Stimpfl, T., Raible, F., Favero, G. D., Meier, S. M., & Gerner, C. (2021) · The EPMA Journal · doi:10.1007/s13167-021-00241-6 · Cited by 27

Excretion of Ni, Pb, Cu, As, and Hg in Sweat under Two Sweating Conditions

Kuan, W., Chen, Y., & Liu, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19074323 · Cited by 28

Development of Flexible Electronic Biosensors for Healthcare Engineering

Zhao, Y. G., Yan, J., Cheng, J., Fu, Y., Zhou, J., Yan, J., & Guo, J. (2023) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2023.3287291 · Cited by 30

Exosomal Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Overview of Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications in Malignant and Non-Malignant Disorders

Delshad, M., Sanaei, M., Mohammadi, M. H., Sadeghi, A., & Bashash, D. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15040587 · Cited by 29

Electrochemical sensing of heavy metals in biological media: A review

Gonzalez, K. A., Kazemeini, S., Weber, D. C., Cordero, P. A., Garcia, E. M., & Rusinek, C. A. (2023) · Electroanalysis · doi:10.1002/elan.202300098 · Cited by 26

Soft and transient magnesium plasmonics for environmental and biomedical sensing

Li, R., Xie, S., Zhang, L., Li, L., Kong, D., Wang, Q., Xin, R., Sheng, X., Yin, L., Yu, C., et al. (2018) · Nano Research · doi:10.1007/s12274-018-2028-6 · Cited by 25

Development of a Nitrazine Yellow-glycidyl methacrylate coating onto cotton fabric through thermal-induced radical polymerization reactions: a simple approach towards wearable pH sensors applications

Trovato, V., Vitale, A., Bongiovanni, R. M., Ferri, A., Rosace, G., & Plutino, M. R. (2021) · Cellulose · doi:10.1007/s10570-021-03733-w · Cited by 26

Flexible Specific Determination of Glucose in Solution, Blood Serum, and Sweat Using a Terahertz Hydrogel‐Functionalized Metamaterial

Zhang, M., Zhang, S., Wang, Q., Xu, Y., Jiang, L., Yan, Y., Li, J., Tian, Z., & Zhang, W. (2023) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.202300775 · Cited by 25

Advanced Microfluidic‐Based Wearable Electrochemical Sensors for Continuous Biochemical Monitoring

Park, S., Kim, S., Lee, S.-J., Tsukruk, V. V., Park, S., & Lim, H. (2025) · Advanced Electronic Materials · doi:10.1002/aelm.202500010 · Cited by 28

Passively Addressable Ultra-Low Volume Sweat Chloride Sensor

Ganguly, A., & Prasad, S. (2019) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s19204590 · Cited by 22

Cannabis Use Surveillance by Sweat Analysis

Gambelunghe, C., Fucci, N., Aroni, K., Bacci, M., Marcelli, A., & Rossi, R. (2016) · Therapeutic Drug Monitoring · doi:10.1097/ftd.0000000000000327 · Cited by 22

Electrowetting valves for sweat-based microfluidics

Naik, A. R., Warren, B., Burns, A., Lenigk, R., Morse, J. D., Alizadeh, A., & Watkins, J. J. (2021) · Microfluidics and Nanofluidics · doi:10.1007/s10404-020-02403-w · Cited by 21

Diagnostic Devices with Microfluidics

(2017) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315154442 · Cited by 20

Efficient energy generation from a sweat-powered, wearable, MXene-based hydroelectric nanogenerator

Su, H., Usman, K. A. S., Nilghaz, A., Bu, Y., Tang, K., Dai, L., Liu, D., Razal, J. M., Lei, W., Tian, J., et al. (2024) · Device · doi:10.1016/j.device.2024.100356 · Cited by 20

Hand-Held Volatilome Analyzer Based on Elastically Deformable Nanofibers

Yücel, M., Akın, O., Çayören, M., Akduman, İ., Palaniappan, A., Liedberg, B., Hızal, G., İnci, F., & Yıldız, Ü. H. (2018) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05187 · Cited by 20

Sweat as A Clinical Sample: What is Done and What Should Be Done

de Castro, M. D. L. (2015) · Bioanalysis · doi:10.4155/bio.15.229 · Cited by 20

Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Sweat as a Biomarker

Jeyadaisy, I., Paarkavidevi, C., Sathish Kumar, B., & Ammu, G. (2024) · Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International) · doi:10.9734/bpi/cpstr/v6/7275e

Sweat as a source of non-invasive biomarkers for clinical diagnosis: An overview

Zhang, Z., Li, Z., Wei, K., Cao, Z. C., Zhu, Z., & Chen, R. (2024) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125865 · Cited by 61

Sweat as a diagnostic biofluid: analytical advances and future directions

Bordin, D. M., McCauley, J. I., de Campos, E. G., Bishop, D., & Martinis, B. S. D. (2025) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpha.2025.101473 · Cited by 9

Forensic Analysis of Sweat

Yadav, P. K., & Sharma, S. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-65804-4_7