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Irisin and Myonectin Regulation in the Insulin Resistant Muscle: Implications to Adipose Tissue: Muscle Crosstalk
Open accessAbstract
Myokines are peptides produced and secreted by the skeletal muscle, with autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine actions. Many of them are overexpressed during physical exercise and appear to contribute to the benefits of exercise to metabolic homeostasis. Irisin, resulting from the cleavage of the membrane protein FNDC5, was shown to induce adipocyte browning, with increased lipid oxidation and thermogenesis. Myonectin was only recently discovered and initial studies revealed a role in fatty acid uptake and oxidation in adipose tissue and liver. However, the mechanisms of their regulation by exercise are not entirely established. Impaired secretion and action of myokines, such as irisin and myonectin, may have a role in the establishment of insulin resistance. On the other hand, several studies have shown that insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle may change myokines expression and secretion. This may have consequences on lipid and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue and lead to a vicious cycle between impaired myokines production and insulin resistance. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the influence of skeletal muscle insulin resistance on the secretion of irisin and myonectin, as well as its impact on adipose tissue metabolism.
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“In summary, myonectin, as well as irisin, promote glucose and fatty acid uptake and oxidation in both the liver and AT, acting more specifically on lipid metabolism mediated by CD36, fatty acid transporter protein (FATP) and fatty acid binding protein (FABP4), but not participating in lipolysis and glucose homeostasis (Gamas et al., 2015).”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Gamas et al., 2015
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gamas, L., Matafome, P., & Seiça, R.
- Affiliations
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Universidade Politécnica de Coimbra (PT)
- University of Coimbra (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Matafome, Paulo
- Venue
- Journal of Diabetes Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 2015
- Pages
- 1-8
- ISSN
- 2314-6745 (ISSN-L)
- 2314-6753
- PMC
- PMC4436512
- OpenAlex
- W1496273172
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 1.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Diabetes Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- irisin, myonectin, myokines, skeletal muscle insulin resistance, FNDC5, adipose tissue metabolism, physical activity, adipocyte browning, thermogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Cell Communication, Collagen, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fibronectins, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal
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