Differences in the Properties of the Radial Artery between Cun , Guan , Chi , and Nearby Segments Using Ultrasonographic Imaging: A Pilot Study on Arterial Depth, Diameter, and Blood Flow
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Aim of the Study . The three conventional pulse-diagnostic palpation locations (PLs) on both wrists are Cun , Guan , and Chi , and each location reveals different clinical information. To identify anatomical or hemodynamic specificity, we used ultrasonographic imaging to determine the arterial diameter, radial artery depth, and arterial blood flow velocity at the three PLs and at nearby non-PL segments. Methods . We applied an ultrasound scanner to 44 subjects and studied the changes in the arterial diameter and depth as well as in the average/maximum blood flow velocities along the radial artery at three PLs and three non-PLs located more proximally than Chi . Results . All of the measurements at all of the PLs were significantly different ( P < 0.01). Artery depth was significantly different among the non-PLs; however, this difference became insignificant after normalization to the arm circumference. Conclusions . Substantial changes in the hemodynamic and anatomical properties of the radial artery around the three PLs were insignificant at the nearby non-PLs segments. This finding may provide a partial explanation for the diagnostic use of “ Cun , Guan , and Chi. ”
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The radial artery has an inner diameter of 2.5 mm and a wall thickness of 0.2 mm.
“The radial artery has been reported to have 2.5 mm inner diameter and 0.2 wall thickness46–48.”
From Synthetic photoplethysmography (PPG) of the radial artery through parallelized Monte Carlo and its correlation to body mass index (BMI) (2021) · cites this paper as [47]
The depth of the radial artery signal varies with obesity, from 2.5 mm for non-obese individuals at BMI of 25 to 3.5 mm for BMI of 45.
“The signal from the radial artery is discovered to vary in depth with different levels of obesity from 2.5 mm for non-obese individuals at BMI of 25 to 3.5 mm for BMI of 4547,48.”
From Synthetic photoplethysmography (PPG) of the radial artery through parallelized Monte Carlo and its correlation to body mass index (BMI) (2021) · cites this paper as [47]
Increasing obesity is associated with changes in dermal water content, dermal blood content, dermal thickness, and increased radial artery depth.
“The significant changes to the skin which we have highlighted include changes to dermal water content66 and blood content content66 as well as dermal thickness and increased radial artery depth all with increasing levels of obesity47,48,58.”
From Synthetic photoplethysmography (PPG) of the radial artery through parallelized Monte Carlo and its correlation to body mass index (BMI) (2021) · cites this paper as [47]
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Boonya-ananta, T., Rodriguez, A. J., Ajmal, A., Du Le, V. N., Hansen, A. K., Hutcheson, J. D., & Ramella-Roman, J. C. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82124-4 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kim, J. U., Lee, Y. J., Lee, J., & Kim, J. Y.
- Affiliations
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KR)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Jong Yeol
- Venue
- Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 2015
- Pages
- 1-7
- ISSN
- 1741-427X (ISSN-L)
- 1741-4288
- PMC
- PMC4339866
- OpenAlex
- W1967805960
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 2.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K15021)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Keywords
- radial artery, pulse diagnosis, traditional Chinese medicine, arterial diameter, blood flow velocity, ultrasonography, hemodynamics
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